different between luka vs boy

Czech

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *l?ka.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?luka]

Noun

luka n pl

1. Alternative form of louka (“meadow”).

Declension

Further reading

• luka in P?íru?ní slovník jazyka ?eského, 1935–1957
• luka in Slovník spisovného jazyka ?eského, 1960–1971, 1989

Hungarian

Etymology

luk (“hole”) +? -a (possessive suffix)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?luk?]
• Hyphenation: lu?ka

Noun

luka

1. Alternative form of lyuka, third-person singular single-possession possessive of luk

Declension

Indonesian

Noun

luka

1. wound

Derived terms

• melukai (“to wound”)
• terluka (“wounded”)

Norwegian Bokmål

Alternative forms

• luken

Noun

luka m or f

1. definite feminine singular of luke

Norwegian Nynorsk

Noun

luka f

1. definite singular of luke

Old Frisian

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *l?kan?.

Verb

l?ka

1. to close, shut

Inflection

Old Swedish

Etymology

From Old Norse lúka, from Proto-Germanic *l?kan?.

Verb

l?ka

1. to close, shut

Conjugation

Oromo

Noun

luka

1. leg

Polish

Etymology

• From German (compare Lücke). Aleksander Brückner believed that the term had come from Luke (“hatch”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?lu.ka/

Noun

luka f

1. gap

2. hatch
3. loophole, an exploitable "hole" in a system

Declension

Synonyms

• (hatch): luk m, w?az m

Related terms

Idioms

• luka w prawie

Anagrams

• kula

References

Further reading

• luka in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology 1

From Proto-Slavic *l?ka.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /l??ka/
• Hyphenation: lu?ka

Noun

lúka f (Cyrillic spelling ?????)

1. harbor; harbour
2. seaport
3. port

Declension

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the main entry.

Noun

luka (Cyrillic spelling ????)

1. genitive singular of luk

Slovene

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lù?ka/

Noun

lúka f

1. harbor; harbour
2. seaport
3. port

Inflection

Further reading

• “luka”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran

Zulu

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-d??ka.

Verb

-luka

1. (transitive) to plait
2. (transitive) to weave

Inflection

References

• C. M. Doke; B. W. Vilakazi (1972) , “luka”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, ?ISBN: “luka (6.3)”

English

Alternative forms

• boi

Etymology

From Middle English boy, boye (“servant, commoner, knave, boy”), from Old English *b?ia (“boy”), from Proto-Germanic *b?jô (“younger brother, young male relation”), from Proto-Germanic *b?- (“brother, close male relation”), from Proto-Indo-European *b??-, *b??t- (“father, elder brother, brother”). Cognate with Scots boy (“boy”), West Frisian boai (“boy”), Middle Dutch boi, booi (“boy”), Low German Boi (“boy”), and probably to the Old English proper name B?ia. Also related to West Flemish boe (“brother”), Norwegian dialectal boa (“brother”), Dutch boef (“rogue, knave”), German Bube ("boy; knave; jack"; > English bub), Icelandic bófi (“rogue, crook, bandit, knave”). See also bully.

Pronunciation

• enPR: boi, IPA^(key): /b??/
• (Southern American English) IPA^(key): /b???/
• Rhymes: -??

Noun

boy (countable and uncountable, plural boys)

1. A young male. [from 15th c.]
   • 1440, Promptorium Parvulorum, 35:

     Bye or boye: Bostio.

   • 1535, Bible (Coverdale), Zechariah, Chapter VIII, Verse 5:

     The stretes of the citie shalbe full of yonge boyes and damselles...

   • 1711 March 7, Jonathan Swift, Journal, line 208:

     I find I was mistaken in the sex, 'tis a boy.

   • 1812, Lord Byron, Childe Harold, Canto II, xxiii, 72:

     Ah! happy years! once more who would not be a boy?

   1. (particularly) A male child or teenager, as distinguished from infants or adults.
      • 1876, Frances Eliza Millett Notley, The Kiddle-a-Wink, "A Tale of Love", page 169:

        "He is not quite a baby, Alfred," said Ellen, "though he is only a big stupid boy. We have made him miserable enough. Let us leave him alone."

2. (diminutive) A male child: a son of any age.
3. (endearing, diminutive) A male of any age, particularly one rather younger than the speaker. [from 17th c.]
4. (obsolete) A male of low station, (especially as pejorative) a worthless male, a wretch; a mean and dishonest male, a knave. [14th-17th c.]
   • 1608, William Shakespeare, King Lear, Act I Scene 4:

     Dost thou call me fool, boy?

5. (now rare and usually offensive outside some Commonwealth nations) A male servant, slave, assistant, or employee, [from 14th c.] particularly:
   • c. 1300, King Horn, line 1075:

     þe boye hit scholde abugge; Horn þreu him ouer þe brigge.

   • 1973, Thomas Pynchon, Gravity's Rainbow, i, 37:

     ‘Why does he go out and pinch all his dogs in person? He's an administrator, isn't he? Wouldn't he hire a boy or something?’
     ‘We call them “staff”,’ Roger replies.

   1. A younger such worker.
      • 1721, Penelope Aubin, The Life of Madam de Beaumount, ii, 36:

        I resolved to continue in the Cave, with my two Servants, my Maid, and a Boy, whom I had brought from France.

   2. (historical or offensive) A non-white male servant regardless of age, [from 17th c.] particularly as a form of address.
      • 1625, W. Hawkins in Samuel Purchas, Hakluytus Posthumus or Purchas his Pilgrimes, Vol. I, iii, vii, 211:

        My Boy Stephen Grauener.

      • 1834, Edward Markham, New Zealand or Recollections of It, 72:

        They picked out two of the strongest of the Boys (as they call the Men) about the place.

      • 1876, Ebenezer Thorne, The Queen of the Colonies, or, Queensland as I Knew It, 58:

        The blacks who work on a station or farm are always, like the blacks in the Southern States, called boys.

      • 1907 May 13, N.Y. Evening Post, 6:

        [In Shanghai,] The register clerk assigns you to a room, and instead of ‘Front!’ he shouts ‘Boy!’

      • 1960 February 5, Northern Territory News, 5/5:

        Aborigine Wally... described himself as ‘number one boy’ at the station.

   3. (obsolete) A male camp follower.
      • 1572, John Sadler translating Flavius Vegetius Renatus, Foure Bookes... Contayninge a Plaine Forme, and Perfect Knowledge of Martiall Policye..., iii, vii:

        If any water be rough and boysterous, or the chanell verye broade, it manye times drowneth the carriages and the boyes and nowe and then slouthfull and lyther souldiours.

      • 1600, William Shakespeare, The Cronicle History of Henry the Fift..., Act IV, Scene vii, 1:

        Godes plud kil the boyes and the lugyge,
        Tis the arrants peece of knauery...

6. (now offensive) Any non-white male, regardless of age. [from 19th c.]
   • 1812, Anne Plumptre translating Hinrich Lichtenstein, Travels in Southern Africa, in the Years 1803, 1804, 1805, and 1806, Vol. I, i, viii, 119:

     A Hottentot... expects to be called by his name if addressed by any one who knows it; and by those to whom it is not known he expects to be called Hottentot... or boy.

   • 1888, Louis Diston Powles, Land of Pink Pearl, or Recollections of Life in the Bahamas, 66:

     Every darky, however old, is a boy.

   • 1973 September 8, Black Panther, 7/2:

     [In Alabama,] Guards still use the term ‘boy’ to refer to Black prisoners.

   • 1979, Bert Newton and Mohammed Ali, The Logie Awards:

     BN: [repeating a catchphrase] I like the boy.
     MA: [to hostile audience] Hold it, hold it, hold it. Easy. Did you say ‘Roy’ or ‘boy’?
     BN: ‘I like the boy’. There's nothing wrong with saying that... Hang on, hang on, hang on... I'll change religion, I'll do anything for ya, I don't bloody care... What's wrong with saying that? ‘I like the boy’?
     MA: Boy...
     BN: I mean, I like the man. I'm sorry, Muhammad.

7. A male animal, especially, in affectionate address, a male dog. [from 15th c.]

   C'mere, boy! Good boy! Who's a good boy?

   Are you getting a boy cat or a girl cat?

8. (historical, military) A former low rank of various armed services; a holder of this rank.
   • 1841 May 6, Times in London, 5/4:

     Wounded... 1 Boy, 1st class, severely.

   • 1963 April 30, Times in London, 16/2:

     He joined the Navy as a boy second class in 1898.

9. (US, slang, uncountable) Heroin. [from 20th c.]
10. (somewhat childish) A male (tree, gene, etc).
    • 1950, Pageant:

      Are there “boy” trees and “girl” trees? Yes. A number of species, among them the yew, holly and date-bearing palm, have their male and female flowers on different trees. The male holly, for instance, must be planted fairly close to the female ...

    • 1970 [earlier 1963], Helen V. Wilson, Helen Van Pelt, Helen Van Pelt's African Violets, Dutton Adult (?ISBN):

      Of the 100 percent total, 25 will have two girl genes, 50 will have one boy and one girl gene, and 25 will have two boy genes.

Synonyms

• (young male): See Thesaurus:boy
• (diminutive term of address to males): chap, guy, lad, mate
• (son): See son
• (male servant): manservant
• (disreputable man): brat, knave, squirt
• (heroin): See Thesaurus:heroin

Antonyms

• (young male): See Thesaurus:girl

Derived terms

Descendants

Translations

Interjection

boy

1. Exclamation of surprise, pleasure or longing.

Related terms

• oh boy

Translations

Verb

boy (third-person singular simple present boys, present participle boying, simple past and past participle boyed)

1. To use the word “boy” to refer to someone.

2. (transitive) To act as a boy (in allusion to the former practice of boys acting women's parts on the stage).

See also

• girl, man (antonyms in some senses)
• Appendix:English collective nouns

References

• Webster's Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary, Springfield, Massachusetts, G.&C. Merriam Co., 1967

Anagrams

• BYO, Y. O. B., Y.O.B., YOB, YoB, byo, oby, yob

Azerbaijani

Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *bod (“body, stature; self; kin, tribe, etc”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /boj/

Noun

boy (definite accusative boyu, plural boylar)

1. height, stature

Declension

Derived terms

• boylu
• boya çatmaq

Cebuano

Etymology

From English boy.

Noun

boy

1. houseboy, errand boy

Synonyms

• (errand boy): houseboy, muchacho, mutsatso

Chibcha

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?oi/, /?o?/

Noun

boy

1. Alternative form of boi

References

• Gómez Aldana D. F., Análisis morfológico del Vocabulario 158 de la Biblioteca Nacional de Colombia. Grupo de Investigación Muysccubun. 2013.

Dutch

Etymology

Borrowed from English boy.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /b?i?/
• Hyphenation: boy
• Rhymes: -?i?

Noun

boy m (plural boys, diminutive boytje n)

1. (historical, now offensive) a male domestic servant, especially one with a darker skin in a colony
2. (informal) boy, young man

See also

• guy

French

Etymology

Borrowed from English boy.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /b?j/

Noun

boy m (plural boys)

1. (now historical, offensive) boy (non-white male servant)
   • 1930, André Malraux, La Voie royale:

     Claude allait l'ouvrir mais le ton sur lequel le délégué appelait son boy lui fit lever la tête : l'auto attendait, bleue sous l'ampoule de la porte; le boy, qui s'était écarté – en voyant arriver le délégué sans doute – se rapprochait, hésitant.

Further reading

• “boy” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Hungarian

Etymology

Borrowed from English boy.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?boj]
• Hyphenation: boy
• Rhymes: -oj
• Homophone: boly

Noun

boy (plural boyok)

1. young male servant, low-position assistant
   1. bellboy (in a hotel)

      Synonym: londiner

   2. office boy, errand boy, deliveryman

      Synonyms: kifutófiú, kézbesít?

2. (dated) a male ballet dancer

Declension

Derived terms

• boyszolgálat

See also

• görl

Further reading

• boy in Ittzés, Nóra (ed.). A magyar nyelv nagyszótára (’A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published A–ez as of 2021)

Italian

Etymology

Borrowed from English boy.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?b?j/

Noun

boy m (plural boys)

1. a male ballet dancer
2. a bellboy (in a hotel)

Further reading

• boy in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

Ladino

Etymology

Borrowed from Turkish boy (“stature, size”).

Noun

boy m (Latin spelling)

1. size
2. age

Portuguese

Etymology 1

Shortening of office boy, from English office boy.

Alternative forms

• bói

Noun

boy m (plural boys)

1. office boy
2. (Brazil, slang) a young, upper-class male

Synonyms

• (office boy): office boy
• (rich young man): mauricinho

Etymology 2

Noun

boy m (plural boys)

1. Obsolete spelling of boi

Spanish

Noun

boy m (plural boyes)

1. male stripper

Sranan Tongo

Alternative forms

• boi (official spelling)

Etymology

From English boy.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /boi?/

Noun

boy

1. (unofficial spelling) boy

Turkish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [boj]

Etymology 1

From Proto-Turkic *bod. See archaic bodur (“stout, short”).

Noun

boy (definite accusative boyu, plural boylar)

1. stature

2. size

Derived terms

• boylu
• boyluluk
• boysuz
• boysuzluk

Etymology 2

Noun

boy (definite accusative boyu, plural boylar)

1. tribe, clan

Declension

Etymology 3

From Ottoman Turkish ???? (boy) constructed the same, from Proto-Oghuz, passed into it, Chagatai and Kipchak from Persian ???? (b?y, “smell”).

Noun

boy

1. (only constructed with otu or tohumu) fenugreek

   Synonym: çemen

References

• Clauson, Gerard (1972) An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 384b
• Eren, Hasan (1999) , “boy”, in Türk Dilinin Etimolojik Sözlü?ü [Etymological Dictionary of the Turkish Language] (in Turkish), 2nd edition, Ankara: Bizim Büro Bas?m Evi, page 59a

Westrobothnian

Alternative forms

• bog

Etymology

From Old Norse bógr (“shoulder”), from Proto-Germanic *b?guz, from Proto-Indo-European *b????us.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bu?y/

Noun

boy m (definite singular boyen)

1. shoulder (of an animal)