different between loss vs penalty

English

Etymology 1

From Middle English los, from Old English los (“damage, destruction, loss”), from Proto-Germanic *lus? (“dissolution, break-up, loss”), from Proto-Indo-European *lews- (“to cut, sunder, separate, loose, lose”). Cognate with Icelandic los (“dissolution, looseness, break-up”), Old English lor, forlor (“loss, ruin”), Middle High German verlor (“loss, ruin”). More at lose.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /l?s/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /l?s/
• (cot–caught merger, Canada) IPA^(key): /l?s/
• Rhymes: -?s, -??s

Noun

loss (countable and uncountable, plural losses)

1. (countable) The result of no longer possessing an object, a function, or a characteristic due to external causes or misplacement.

   Antonym: gain

2. (uncountable) The destruction or ruin of an object.
3. (countable) Something that has been destroyed or ruined.

4. (countable) Defeat; an instance of being defeated.

   Antonyms: win, victory

5. (countable) The death of a person or animal.

6. (uncountable) The condition of grief caused by losing someone or something, especially someone who has died.

7. (financial, countable) The sum an entity loses on balance.

   Antonym: profit

8. (engineering) Electricity of kinetic power expended without doing useful work.

Usage notes

• The possessive of loss is often constructed as loss of rather than 's loss.
• loss is often the subject of the verbs make or take. See Appendix:Collocations of do, have, make, and take

Derived terms

Related terms

• lose

Translations

Etymology 2

Pronunciation spelling of lost, representing African-American Vernacular English.

Verb

loss

1. (colloquial) Alternative spelling of lost

Anagrams

• SOLs, Sols, sols

Estonian

Etymology

Borrowed from German Schloss.

Noun

loss (genitive lossi, partitive lossi)

1. castle

Declension

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Norwegian Bokmål

Verb

loss

1. imperative of losse

Swedish

Etymology

Like Danish los and Norwegian loss, from Low German or Dutch los, from Middle Low German respectively Middle Dutch los, sidoform of Low German l?s respectively Dutch loos, cognate with Swedish lös.

Adjective

loss

1. (indeclinable, predicatively, adverbially) loose, untied, off

Anagrams

• sols

English

Alternative forms

• pœnalty (archaic)

Etymology

From Middle French pénalité

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?p?n?lti/
• Hyphenation: pen?al?ty

Noun

penalty (plural penalties)

1. A legal sentence.

2. A punishment for violating rules of procedure.
   • 1900, Charles W. Chesnutt, The House Behind the Cedars, Chapter I,

     Was it so irreconcilable, Warwick wondered, as still to peal out the curfew bell, which at nine o'clock at night had clamorously warned all negroes, slave or free, that it was unlawful for them to be abroad after that hour, under penalty of imprisonment or whipping?

3. (finance) A payment forfeited for an early withdrawal from an account or an investment.
4. In sports
   1. (soccer) A direct free kick from the penalty spot, taken after a defensive foul in the penalty box; a penalty kick.
   2. (ice hockey) A punishment for an infraction of the rules, often in the form of being removed from play for a specified amount of time.

Synonyms

• punition
• punishment
• sentence

Derived terms

Related terms

• penal
• penality (rare)
• penalize

Descendants

• ? Gulf Arabic: ?????? (balanti)
• ? Spanish: penalti

Translations

See also

• free kick

Anagrams

• a-plenty, aplenty, netplay

Dutch

Etymology

Borrowed from English penalty.

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: pe?nal?ty

Noun

penalty m (plural penalty's, diminutive penalty'tje n)

1. penalty kick

French

Alternative forms

• pénalty

Etymology

Borrowed from English penalty, itself a borrowing from French pénalité (thus a reborrowing). Doublet of pénalité.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pe.nal.ti/

Noun

penalty m (plural penaltys or penalties)

1. (sports) penalty, penalty kick

Further reading

• “penalty” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).