different between liege vs monarch

English

Etymology

From Middle English liege, lege, lige, from Anglo-Norman lige, from Old French liege (“liege, free”), from Middle High German ledic, ledec (“free, empty, vacant”) (Modern German ledig (“unmarried”)) from Proto-Germanic *liþugaz (“flexible, free, unoccupied”). Akin to Old Frisian leþeg, leþoch (“free”), Old English liþi? (“flexible”), Old Norse liðugr (“free, unhindered”), Old Saxon lethig (“idle”), Low German leddig (“empty”), Middle Dutch ledich (“idle, unemployed”) (Dutch ledig (“empty”) and leeg (“empty”)), Middle English lethi (“unoccupied, at leisure”).

An alternate etymology traces the Old French word to Late Latin laeticus (“of or relating to a semifree colonist in Gaul”), from laetus (“a semi-free colonist”), from Gothic *???????????????? (*l?ts) (attested in derivatives such as ???????????????????????????? (fral?ts)), from Proto-Germanic *l?taz (“freeman; bondsman, serf”), from Proto-Germanic *l?tan? (“to let; free; release”).

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -i?d?, Rhymes: -i??
• (UK, General American) IPA^(key): /li?d?/, /li??/

Noun

liege (plural lieges)

1. A free and independent person; specifically, a lord paramount; a sovereign.
2. (in full liege lord) A king or lord.
   • 1595, William Shakespeare, Richard II, Act III Scene 2

     More health and happiness betide my liege / Than can my care-tuned tongue deliver him!

3. The subject of a sovereign or lord; a liegeman.

Translations

Adjective

liege (not comparable)

1. Sovereign; independent; having authority or right to allegiance.

   a liege lord

   • 1847, Alfred Tennyson, The Princess

     She look'd as grand as doomsday and as grave: / And he, he reverenced his liege lady there;

2. Serving an independent sovereign or master; bound by a feudal tenure; obliged to be faithful and loyal to a superior, such as a vassal to his lord; faithful.

   a liege man; a liege subject

3. (obsolete, law) Full; perfect; complete; pure.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Burrill to this entry?)

Translations

Related terms

• liege lord
• liegeman

Dutch

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?li.??/

Verb

liege

1. (archaic) singular present subjunctive of liegen

German

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?li?.??/

Verb

liege

1. first-person singular indicative present of liegen
2. first-person singular subjunctive present of liegen
3. third-person singular subjunctive present of liegen

Middle English

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Late Latin leuca, leuga.

Noun

liege

1. Alternative form of lege (“league”)

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Anglo-Norman lige.

Noun

liege

1. Alternative form of lege (“liege”)

Adjective

liege

1. Alternative form of lege (adjective)

Pennsylvania German

Etymology

Compare German lügen, Dutch liegen, English lie.

Verb

liege

1. to tell a lie

English

Etymology

From Middle French monarque, from Late Latin monarcha, from Ancient Greek ???????? (monárkh?s), variant of ???????? (mónarkhos, “sole ruler”), from '????? (mónos, “only”) + ????? (arkhós, “leader”).

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /?m?n?k/
• (US) IPA^(key): /?m?n?k/, /?m?n??k/

Noun

monarch (plural monarchs)

1. The ruler of an absolute monarchy or the head of state of a constitutional monarchy.
   • 1598, William Shakespeare, Henry V, Act II, Scene II, line 25.

     Never was monarch better fear'd and lov'd / Than is your Majesty.

2. The monarch butterfly, Danaus plexippus, and others of genus Danaus, found primarily in North America, so called because of the designs on its wings.
3. (Aboriginal English) A police officer.
   • 1961, Nene Gare, The Fringe Dwellers, Text Classics 2012, p. 41:

     ‘Skippy gets off. An ya know the first thing e says to them monarch? E turns round on em an yelps, “An now ya can just gimme back that bottle.”’

4. (often capitalised) A stag which has sixteen or more points or tines on its antlers.
5. The chief or best thing of its kind.

Usage notes

See monarchy.

Synonyms

• (ruler): autocrat, autocrator, big man, despot, dictator, Führer, potentate, sovereign, tyrant

Hyponyms

• (ruler): emperor, empress, king, queen

Derived terms

• African monarch (Danaus chrysippus)
• Biak monarch (Symposiachrus brehmii))
• frilled monarch (Arses telescopthalmus)
• golden monarch (Carterornis chrysomela)
• monarch flycatcher (Monarchidae spp.)
• monarchical
• monarchism
• monarchist
• monarchy

Translations

References

• Monarch butterfly on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• Danaus plexippus on Wikispecies.Wikispecies

A monarch can have any of the following titles:

• emperor/empress
• king/queen
• prince/princess
• grand duke/grand duchess

Anagrams

• chroman, nomarch

Dutch

Etymology

From Middle Dutch monarcha, from Latin monarcha, from Ancient Greek ???????? (monárkh?s), variant of ???????? (mónarkhos, “sole ruler”), from '????? (mónos, “only”) + ????? (arkhós, “leader”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /mo??n?rx/
• Hyphenation: mo?narch
• Rhymes: -?rx

Noun

monarch m (plural monarchen, diminutive monarchje n)

1. monarch

Derived terms

• monarchaal
• monarchie
• monarchvlinder