different between liberal vs labour

English

Etymology

The adjective is from Old French liberal, from Latin l?ber?lis (“befitting a freeman”), from l?ber (“free”); it is attested since the 14th century. The noun is first attested in the 1800s.

Pronunciation

• (UK) enPR: l?'br?l, IPA^(key): /?l?b??l/
• (US) enPR: l?'b?r?l, IPA^(key): /?l?b???l/

Adjective

liberal (comparative more liberal, superlative most liberal)

1. (now rare outside set phrases) Pertaining to those arts and sciences the study of which is considered to provide general knowledge, as opposed to vocational/occupational, technical or mechanical training.
   • 1983, David Leslie Wagner, The Seven liberal arts in the Middle Ages
   • 2008, Donal G. Mulcahy, The Educated Person: Toward a New Paradigm for Liberal Education ?ISBN

2. Generous; willing to give unsparingly.

3. Ample, abundant; generous in quantity.
   • 1896, in Ice and refrigeration, volume 11, page 93:

     For this reason a liberal amount of piping should be used. If a liberal supply of piping is provided at first, the first cost will of course be greater, but the extra expenditure is called for but once.

4. (obsolete) Unrestrained, licentious.
   • 1599, William Shakespeare, Much Ado About Nothing, Act 4 Scene 1

     Myself, my brother, and this grieved count,

     Did see her, hear her, at that hour last night,

     Talk with a ruffian at her chamber-window;

     Who hath indeed, most like a liberal villain,

     Confess'd the vile encounters they have had

     A thousand times in secret.

5. Widely open to new ideas, willing to depart from established opinions or conventions; permissive.

6. (politics) Open to political or social changes and reforms associated with either classical or modern liberalism.

Antonyms

• conservative

Hyponyms

• small-l liberal

Derived terms

Related terms

Translations

Noun

liberal (plural liberals)

1. One with liberal views, supporting individual liberty (see Wikipedia's article on Liberalism).
2. (US) Someone left-wing; one with a left-wing ideology.
3. A supporter of any of several liberal parties.
4. (Britain) One who favors individual voting rights, human and civil rights, and laissez-faire markets (also called "classical liberal"; compare libertarian).

Derived terms

• neo-liberal, neoliberal

Coordinate terms

• moderate, conservative, progressive, libertarian, centrist

Translations

References

• liberal at OneLook Dictionary Search
• liberal in Keywords for Today: A 21st Century Vocabulary, edited by The Keywords Project, Colin MacCabe, Holly Yanacek, 2018.
• "liberal" in Raymond Williams, Keywords (revised), 1983, Fontana Press, page 179.
• liberal in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
• liberal in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.

Anagrams

• Braille, Briella, braille

Catalan

Etymology

From Latin l?ber?lis (“befitting a freeman”), from l?ber (“free”), attested from the 14th century.

Pronunciation

• (Balearic, Central) IPA^(key): /li.b???al/
• (Valencian) IPA^(key): /li.be??al/
• Hyphenation: li?be?ral

Adjective

liberal (masculine and feminine plural liberals)

1. liberal (clarification of this definition is needed)

Derived terms

References

Further reading

• “liberal” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “liberal” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “liberal” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

German

Etymology

From Latin l?ber?lis (“befitting a freeman”), from l?ber (“free”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?lib???a?l/, /?l?-/
• Rhymes: -a?l

Adjective

liberal (comparative liberaler, superlative am liberalsten)

1. liberal; permissive; allowing personal freedoms

2. (politics) libertarian; liberal in the traditional sense (see usage notes below)

Usage notes

• Liberale Parteien (“libertarian/liberal parties”) in German-speaking Europe are associated with support for free-market economy and small government. These parties most often represent the centre or even the centre-right of the political spectrum. The sense “left-wing”, which English liberal now often has, does not exist in the German word. When used of particular policies, German liberal means “permissive, rejecting legal restraints”. Thus, for example, left-wing parties are more likely to be liberal with regard to abortion, while right-wing parties are more likely to be liberal with regard to arms sales.

Declension

Derived terms

• liberalisieren
• Liberalismus

Indonesian

Etymology

From Dutch liberaal, from Middle French [Term?] (Modern French libéral), from Old French liberal, from Latin l?ber?lis (“befitting a freeman”), from l?ber (“free”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [lib??ral]
• Hyphenation: li?bê?ral

Adjective

liberal

1. liberal:
   1. widely open to new ideas, willing to depart from established opinions or conventions; permissive.
   2. open to political or social changes and reforms associated with either classical or modern liberalism.

Derived terms

Related terms

Further reading

• “liberal” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) Daring, Jakarta: Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 2016.

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From French libéral, from Latin liberalis

Adjective

liberal (masculine and feminine liberal, neuter liberalt, definite singular and plural liberale)

1. liberal

References

• “liberal” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
• “liberal” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From French libéral, from Latin l?ber?lis.

Adjective

liberal (masculine and feminine liberal, neuter liberalt, definite singular and plural liberale)

1. liberal

References

• “liberal” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old French

Etymology

From Latin l?ber?lis (“befitting a freeman”), from l?ber (“free”).

Adjective

liberal m (oblique and nominative feminine singular liberale)

1. appropriate for a free person
2. generous; giving

Descendants

• ? English: liberal
• French: libéral

Portuguese

Etymology

From Latin l?ber?lis (“befitting a freeman”), from l?ber (“free”).

Pronunciation

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /li.??.??a?/
• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /li.be.??aw/
• Hyphenation: li?be?ral

Adjective

liberal m or f (plural liberais, comparable)

1. liberal, generous, tolerant
2. (politics) liberal

Noun

liberal m, f (plural liberais)

1. (politics) liberal

Usage notes

In Brazil, the political sense of "liberal" is used to describe supporters of economic freedom, like classical liberals.

Romanian

Etymology

From French libéral, from Latin liberalis.

Adjective

liberal m or n (feminine singular liberal?, masculine plural liberali, feminine and neuter plural liberale)

1. liberal

Declension

Related terms

• liberalism
• liberalitate

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From l?ber?lan.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lib?ra?l/
• Hyphenation: li?be?ral

Noun

libèr?l m (Cyrillic spelling ????????)

1. liberal

Declension

References

• “liberal” in Hrvatski jezi?ni portal

Spanish

Etymology

From Latin l?ber?lis (“befitting a freeman”), from l?ber (“free”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /libe??al/, [li.??e??al]
• Hyphenation: li?be?ral

Adjective

liberal (plural liberales)

1. liberal
2. (US politics) liberal
3. (Argentina, Uruguay) libertarian

Derived terms

Noun

liberal m or f (plural liberales)

1. liberal
2. (US politics) liberal
3. (Argentina, Uruguay) libertarian

Usage notes

In Latin America and Spain, the political sense of "liberal" is used to describe supporters of economic freedom, like classical liberals.

Further reading

• “liberal” in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014.

Swedish

Etymology

From Latin l?ber?lis (“befitting a freeman”), from l?ber (“free”).

Pronunciation

Adjective

liberal (comparative liberalare, superlative liberalast)

1. liberal

Declension

Noun

liberal c

1. a liberal

Declension

Turkish

Etymology

From French libéral

Adjective

liberal (comparative daha liberal, superlative en liberal)

1. liberal

English

Alternative forms

• labor (American)

Etymology

From Middle English labouren, from Old French laborer, from Latin laborare (“(intransitive) to labor, strive, exert oneself, suffer, be in distress, (transitive) to work out, elaborate”), from labor (“labor, toil, work, exertion”); perhaps remotely akin to robur (“strength”). Displaced native English swink (“toil, labor”).

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /?le?.b?/
• (US) IPA^(key): /?le?.b?/
• Rhymes: -e?b?(?)

Noun

labour (countable and uncountable, plural labours) (British spelling, Canadian spelling, Australian spelling, New Zealand spelling)

1. Effort expended on a particular task; toil, work.
2. That which requires hard work for its accomplishment; that which demands effort.
   • 1594, Richard Hooker, Of the Lawes of Ecclesiastical Politie

     Being a labour of so great difficulty, the exact performance thereof we may rather wish than look for.

3. (uncountable) Workers in general; the working class, the workforce; sometimes specifically the labour movement, organised labour.
4. (uncountable) A political party or force aiming or claiming to represent the interests of labour.
5. The act of a mother giving birth.
6. The time period during which a mother gives birth.
7. (nautical) The pitching or tossing of a vessel which results in the straining of timbers and rigging.
8. An old measure of land area in Mexico and Texas, approximately 177 acres.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Bartlett to this entry?)

Usage notes

Like many others ending in -our/-or, this word is spelled labour in the UK and labor in the U.S.; in Canada, labour is preferred, but labor is not unknown. In Australia, labour is the standard spelling, but the Australian Labour Party, founded 1908, "modernised" its spelling to Australian Labor Party in 1912, at the suggestion of American-born King O'Malley, who was a prominent leader in the ALP.

• Adjectives often used with "labour": physical, mental, skilled, technical, organised.

Synonyms

• swink, toil, work

Derived terms

• labour-intensive
• (The act of a mother giving birth): labour pain

Related terms

• laborious
• laboural

Translations

Verb

labour (third-person singular simple present labours, present participle labouring, simple past and past participle laboured) (British spelling, Canadian spelling, Australian spelling, New Zealand spelling)

1. (intransitive) To toil, to work.
2. (transitive) To belabour, to emphasise or expand upon (a point in a debate, etc).

   I think we've all got the idea. There's no need to labour the point.

3. To be oppressed with difficulties or disease; to do one's work under conditions which make it especially hard or wearisome; to move slowly, as against opposition, or under a burden.
   • 1726, George Granville, Love

     the stone that labours up the hill
4. To suffer the pangs of childbirth.
5. (nautical) To pitch or roll heavily, as a ship in a turbulent sea.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Totten to this entry?)

Derived terms

• labourer
• labourism
• labourist
• labourite
• labour-saving
• marmalade labour

Related terms

• laboratory

Translations

Further reading

• labour in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• labour in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
• labour at OneLook Dictionary Search
• "labour" in Raymond Williams, Keywords (revised), 1983, Fontana Press, page 176.

Breton

Noun

labour

1. work, job

French

Etymology

Deverbal of labourer. See also labeur.

Noun

labour m (plural labours)

1. cultivation

Related terms

• labourable
• labourage
• labourer

Further reading

• “labour” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Old French

Noun

labour m (oblique plural labours, nominative singular labours, nominative plural labour)

1. (late Anglo-Norman) Alternative spelling of labur

Noun

labour

1. nominative plural of labour