different between lewd vs leid

English

Etymology 1

From Middle English lewed, lewd, leued (“unlearned, lay, lascivious”), from Old English l?wede (“unlearned, ignorant, lay”), of obscure origin; most likely a derivative of the past participle of l?wan (“to reveal, betray”) in the sense of "exposed as being unlearned" or "easily betrayed, clueless", from Proto-Germanic *l?wijan? (“to betray”), from *l?w? (“an opportunity, cause”), from Proto-Indo-European *l?w- (“to leave”). Or, according to the OED, from Vulgar Latin *laigo-, from Late Latin laicus (“of the people”).

Cognate with Old High German gil?en, firl?en (“to betray”), Gothic ???????????????????????????????? (gal?wjan, “to give over, betray”), Gothic ???????????? (l?w, “an opportunity, cause”).

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /lju?d/
• (US) IPA^(key): /lud/
• enPR: lo?od

• Rhymes: -u?d

• Homophone: leud

Adjective

lewd (comparative lewder, superlative lewdest)

1. Lascivious, sexually promiscuous, rude.
   • 2014 August 11, w:Dave Itzkoff, "Robin Williams, Oscar-Winning Comedian, Dies at 63 in Suspected Suicide," New York Times

     Onstage he was known for ricochet riffs on politics, social issues and cultural matters both high and low; tales of drug and alcohol abuse; lewd commentaries on relations between the sexes; and lightning-like improvisations on anything an audience member might toss at him.

2. (obsolete) Lay; not clerical.
   • 1599, John Davies, Nosce Teipsum

     So these great clerks their little wisdom show / To mock the lewd, as learn'd in this as they.

3. (obsolete) Uneducated.
   • c. 1515–1516, published 1568, John Skelton, Again?t venemous tongues enpoy?oned with ?claunder and fal?e detractions &c.:

     My ?coles are not for unthriftes untaught,
     For frantick faitours half mad and half ?traught;
     But my learning is of another degree
     To taunt theim like liddrons, lewde as thei bee.

4. (obsolete) Vulgar, common; typical of the lower orders.

   • But the Jews, which believed not, […] took unto them certain lewd fellows of the baser sort, […] and assaulted the house of Jason.

   • 1829, Robert Southey, Sir Thomas More; or, Colloquies on the Progress and Prospects of Society

     Too lewd to work, and ready for any kind of mischief.

5. (obsolete) Base, vile, reprehensible.

Derived terms

• lewdsby
• lewdness
• lewdster

Translations

Noun

lewd (plural lewds)

1. A sexually suggestive image, particularly one which does not involve full nudity.
   • 1944, The Saturday Evening Post, volume 217, page 25:

     Nudes, lewds and smutty outhouse cards, although they can be bought in some of the rowdy joints, are a negligible percentage of the total, and are unobtainable in the chain stores, drugstores and travel stations which are the outlets for […]

   • 1996, Cigar Aficionado, page 309:

     […] also put it, he learned “the difference between nudes and lewds."

Verb

lewd (third-person singular simple present lewds, present participle lewding, simple past and past participle lewded)

1. To express lust; to behave in a lewd manner.

References

• Oxford English Dictionary, 1884–1928, and First Supplement, 1933.

Etymology 2

Verb

lewd (third-person singular simple present lewds, present participle lewding, simple past and past participle lewded)

1. (slang) Alternative form of lude (“take the drug quaalude”)

Anagrams

• Weld, weld

Middle English

Adjective

lewd

1. Alternative form of lewed

Dutch

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?l?i?t/
• Homophones: lijd, leidt
• Rhymes: -?i?t

Verb

leid

1. first-person singular present indicative of leiden
2. imperative of leiden

Anagrams

• lied

German

Etymology

From Middle High German leit from Old High German leid, from Proto-Germanic *laiþaz, whence also English loathe and Old Norse leiðr. From Proto-Indo-European *h?leyt- (“unpleasant; to loathe, transgress”) whence also Latin laed? (“strike, betray”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /la??t/

Adjective

leid (comparative leider, superlative am leidesten)

1. (obsolete outside of fixed expressions) distressing, uncomfortable

Usage notes

• Now only used with sein, werden, haben, and as part of the verb leidtun.
• The spelling leid tun was used before the 1996 spelling reform, which replaced it with the spelling Leid tun. In 2004 the alternative form leidtun was added to this, and in 2006 the first reform spelling Leid tun became proscribed. The reasoning for the now prescribed lowercase spelling in the official spelling rules is however incorrect because leid in leidtun and es tut mir/ihm etc. leid is not a form of the noun Leid that has "mostly lost the characteristics of a noun".

Declension

Derived terms

• leid sein
• leidtun; (dated or erroneous also) Leid tun, leid tun

Related terms

• Leid
• leiden
• Leiden
• leidig
• leidvoll

References

Further reading

• “leid” in Duden online

Irish

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

leid f (genitive singular leide, nominative plural leideanna)

1. hint, inkling
2. prompt
3. pointer, clue

Declension

Derived terms

• cárta leide
• leid a thabhairt
• leidchárta
• leideach
• leideoir

Norwegian Bokmål

Verb

leid

1. past participle of leie

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

Noun

leid f (definite singular leidi, indefinite plural leider or leidir, definite plural leiderne or leidine)

1. form removed with the spelling reform of 1917; superseded by lei

Etymology 2

Adjective

leid (masculine and feminine leid, neuter leidt, definite singular and plural leide, comparative leidare, indefinite superlative leidast, definite superlative leidaste)

1. form removed with the spelling reform of 1917; superseded by lei

Etymology 3

Verb

leid

1. (non-standard since 1938) imperative of leida

Old High German

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *laiþaz, whence also Old English l?þ, Old Norse leiðr.

Adjective

leid

1. uncomfortable

Descendants

• Middle High German: leit
  • German: leid
  • Silesian: leed

Scots

Alternative forms

• lede, led, leide, leyd, leyde, leit

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /li?d/, /le?d/

Etymology 1

From earlier leed, from Middle English lede, reduced form of leden, leoden (“language”), from Old English l?oden (“national language”, literally “of the people”), from l?ode (“people”). More at lede.

Alternative forms

• leed, lied

Noun

leid (plural leids)

1. language

Usage notes

• Commonly understood language, either literally or metaphorically:

Etymology 2

From Middle English lede, leed, from Old English l?ad (“lead (the metal)”). More at lead.

Noun

leid (plural leids)

1. lead