different between lever vs bever

English

Pronunciation

• (Canada) IPA^(key): /?li?.v?/
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?li?.v?/,

  Hyphenation: lever

• (General American) IPA^(key): /?l?.v?/, /?li?.v?/

  Hyphenation: le?ver, Hyphenation: lev?er

• Rhymes: -?v?(?), -i?v?(?)
• Homophones: leaver, Lever (for the pronunciation /?li?v?(?)/)

Etymology 1

From Middle English lever, levore, levour, from Old French leveor, leveur (“a lifter, lever (also Old French and French levier)”), from Latin lev?tor (“a lifter”), from lev? (“to raise”); see levant. Compare alleviate, elevate, leaven.

Noun

lever (plural levers)

1. (obsolete, except in generalized senses below) A crowbar.
   • 1613, John Marston, William Barksted, The Insatiate Countess, IV.1:

     My lord, I brained him with a lever my neighbour lent me, and he stood by and cried, ‘Strike home, old boy!’

2. (mechanics) A rigid piece which is capable of turning about one point, or axis (the fulcrum), and in which are two or more other points where forces are applied; — used for transmitting and modifying force and motion.
   1. Specifically, a bar of metal, wood or other rigid substance, used to exert a pressure, or sustain a weight, at one point of its length, by receiving a force or power at a second, and turning at a third on a fixed point called a fulcrum. It is usually named as the first of the six mechanical powers, and is of three kinds, according as either the fulcrum F, the weight W, or the power P, respectively, is situated between the other two, as in the figures.
3. A small such piece to trigger or control a mechanical device (like a button).
4. (mechanics) A bar, as a capstan bar, applied to a rotatory piece to turn it.
5. (mechanics) An arm on a rock shaft, to give motion to the shaft or to obtain motion from it.

Translations

Verb

lever (third-person singular simple present levers, present participle levering, simple past and past participle levered)

1. (transitive) To move with a lever.
2. (figuratively, transitive) To use, operate or move (something) like a lever (physically).
   • 1961, V. S. Naipaul, A House for Mr Biswas, Vintage International, 2001, Part Two, Chapter 1,

     Suddenly he had levered himself up from the sofa, rocking the lame man violently, and was walking towards the receptionist.

3. (figuratively, transitive) To use (something) like a lever (in an abstract sense).
   • 2001, Joshua Cooper Ramo, “Bagging the Butcher,” Time, 9 April, 2001,^[3]

     He was a man who levered his way from small-time communist hack to political power by tapping into the most potent vein of historical juice in the Balkans: nationalism.

   • 2013, Robert McCrum, “Biographies of the year — review,” The Guardian, 8 December, 2013,^[4]

     Credited with pioneering the detective novel, Collins has attracted many biographers over the years, drawn to his extraordinary life and work in the hope of levering open a new understanding of the Victorian psyche.

4. (chiefly Britain, finance) To increase the share of debt in the capitalization of a business.

Translations

Derived terms

Etymology 2

From Middle English lever, comparative of leve, leef (“dear, beloved, lief”), equivalent to lief +? -er. Related to German lieber (“rather”).

Alternative forms

• liever

Adverb

lever (not comparable)

1. (obsolete) Rather.
   • 1530, John Heywood, The Four PP

     for I had lever be without ye / Then have suche besines about ye

   • 1537, William Tyndale et al, "Jonah", in The Byble

     Now therefore take my life from me, for I had lever die then live.

   • 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faery Queene

     For lever had I die than see his deadly face.

Translations

Etymology 3

Borrowed from French lever.

Noun

lever (plural levers)

1. (rare) A levee.
   • 1742, Miss Robinson, Mrs. Delany's Letters, II.191:

     We do not appear at Phœbus's Levér.

   • 2011, Tim Blanning, "The reinvention of the night", Times Literary Supplement, 21 Sep 2011:

     Louis XIV’s day began with a lever at 9 and ended (officially) at around midnight.

Further reading

• lever in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• lever in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

References

Anagrams

• Revel, elver, revel

Danish

Etymology 1

From Old Danish liuær, from Old Norse lifr, from Proto-Germanic *libr?, cognate with English liver and German Leber. The Germanic word may be an irregular remodelling of the Proto-Indo-European word for "liver", *yók?r?, cf. Ancient Greek ???? (hêpar) and Latin iecur.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?lew??]

Noun

lever c (singular definite leveren, plural indefinite levere)

1. liver

Inflection

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the main entry.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?le???], [?le?w?]

Verb

lever

1. present of leve

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the main entry.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [le??e???]

Verb

lever or levér

1. imperative of levere

Dutch

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?le?v?r/
• Hyphenation: le?ver
• Rhymes: -e?v?r

Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch l?vere, from Old Dutch *levara, from Proto-Germanic *libr?.

Noun

lever f (plural levers, diminutive levertje n)

1. liver
2. edible animal liver as a dish or culinary ingredient

Derived terms

Descendants

• Afrikaans: lewer
• ? Indonesian: lever

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the main entry.

Verb

lever

1. first-person singular present indicative of leveren
2. imperative of leveren

French

Etymology

From Middle French lever, from Old French lever, from Latin lev?re, present active infinitive of lev? (“to elevate”), from levis (“light, not heavy”)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /l?.ve/
• Homophones: levai, levé, levée, levées, levés, levez

Verb

lever

1. (transitive) To raise, lift.

   Antonym: baisser

2. (reflexive) To rise, stand up.

   Antonym: s'abaisser

3. (reflexive) To get up (out of bed).

   Antonyms: se coucher, s'allonger

4. (reflexive, of fog, rain and etc) To clear, lift.

Conjugation

This verb is conjugated mostly like the regular -er verbs (parler and chanter and so on), but the -e- /?/ of the second-to-last syllable becomes -è- /?/ when the next vowel is a silent or schwa -e-. For example, in the third-person singular present indicative, we have il lève rather than *il leve. Other verbs conjugated this way include acheter and mener. Related but distinct conjugations include those of appeler and préférer.

Derived terms

Noun

lever m (plural levers)

1. The act of getting up in the morning.

Further reading

• “lever” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Anagrams

• lèvre

Hungarian

Etymology

le- +? ver

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?l?v?r]
• Hyphenation: le?ver
• Rhymes: -?r

Verb

lever

1. (transitive) to knock down

Conjugation

Derived terms

• leverés

Indonesian

Etymology

From Dutch lever (“liver”), from Middle Dutch l?vere, from Old Dutch *levara, from Proto-Germanic *libr?.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?l?v?r]
• Hyphenation: lè?vêr

Noun

lèvêr (first-person possessive leverku, second-person possessive levermu, third-person possessive levernya)

1. liver.

   Synonym: hati

Alternative forms

• liver

Further reading

• “lever” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) Daring, Jakarta: Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 2016.

Latin

Verb

l?ver

1. first-person singular present passive subjunctive of l?v?

Middle English

Etymology

Comparative of leve (“dear”) of Germanic origin (compare German lieb) or lief.

Adverb

lever

1. Rather.

   For him was lever have at his bed's head
   Twenty bookes, clad in black or red,
   . . . Than robes rich, or fithel, or gay sawtrie. —The Canterbury Tales, Geoffrey Chaucer

   But lever than this worldés good
   She would have wist how that it stood —Tales of the Seven Deadly Sins, John Gower.

Middle French

Etymology

From Old French lever.

Verb

lever

1. to lift

Conjugation

• Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.

Descendants

• French: lever

References

• Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l'ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IX^e au XV^e siècle (1881) (lever, supplement)

Norwegian Bokmål

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

From Old Norse lifr, from Proto-Germanic *libr?, from Proto-Indo-European *leyp- (“to smudge, stick”), from *ley- (“to be slimy, be sticky, glide”).

Noun

lever m or f (definite singular leveren or levra, indefinite plural levere or levre or levrer, definite plural leverne or levrene)

1. (anatomy) a liver
2. liver (eaten as food)

Derived terms

• skrumplever

Etymology 2

Verb

lever

1. present tense of leve
2. imperative of levere

References

• “lever” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

From Old Norse lifr, from Proto-Germanic *libr?, from Proto-Indo-European *leyp- (“to smudge, stick”), from *ley- (“to be slimy, be sticky, glide”). Akin to English liver.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?le???r/ (example of pronunciation)

Noun

lever f (definite singular levra, indefinite plural levrar or levrer, definite plural levrane or levrene)

1. (anatomy) a liver
2. liver (eaten as food)

Alternative forms

• (superseded) livr

Derived terms

• skrumplever

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /²le???r/ (example of pronunciation)

Verb

lever

1. present of leve

Further reading

• “lever” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old French

Etymology

From Latin l?v?re, present active infinitive of l?v?.

Verb

lever

1. to lift (up)
2. (reflexive, se level) to get up (get out of bed)

Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. The forms that would normally end in *-v, *-vs, *-vt are modified to f, s, t. This verb has a stressed present stem liev distinct from the unstressed stem lev. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

Descendants

• Middle French: lever
  • French: lever

Old Swedish

Etymology

From Old Norse hleifr, from Proto-Germanic *hlaibaz.

Noun

l?ver m

1. loaf, bread

Declension

Descendants

• Swedish: lev

Swedish

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

From Old Norse lifr, from Proto-Germanic *libr?, from Proto-Indo-European *leyp- (“to smudge, stick”), from *ley- (“to be slimy, be sticky, glide”).

Noun

lever c

1. (anatomy) a liver

Declension

Etymology 2

Verb

lever

1. present tense of leva.

Further reading

• lever in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• lever in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
• lever in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)

English

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?bi?v?/
• (General American) enPR: b??v?r, IPA^(key): /?bi?v?/
• Homophones: beaver, Belvoir, bevor

Etymology 1

From Middle English biveren, beveren (“to tremble”), frequentative form of Old English beofian, bifian (“to tremble, be moved, shake, quake”), from Proto-Germanic *bib?n? (“to quake, shiver”), equivalent to bive +? -er. Cognate with Dutch bibberen (“to shiver, quiver”), Low German beveren (“to shiver”), Dutch beven (“to quake”), German beben (“to quake, tremble”), Swedish bäva (“to quake, tremble”), Icelandic bifa (“to budge, be moved”), Latin foedus (“disgusting, shocking, abominable, heinous”).

Pronunciation

• (Scotland) IPA^(key): /?b?(?)v??/

Verb

bever (third-person singular simple present bevers, present participle bevering, simple past and past participle bevered)

1. (intransitive) To tremble; shake; quiver; shiver.
   • 1485, Sir Thomas Malory, Le Morte D'Arthur, page 25:

     Wherefore King Ban and King Bors made them ready, and dressed their shields and harness, and they were so courageous that many knights shook and bevered for eagerness.

Derived terms

• bevering

References

• The Dictionary of the Scots Language

Etymology 2

Noun

bever (plural bevers)

1. Alternative spelling of bevor
   • 1786, Francis Grose, A Treatise on Ancient Armour and Weapons, page 8:

     Some close helmets have a farther improvement called a bever, the bever when closed covers the mouth and chin, and either lifts up by revolving on the same pivots as the visor, or lets down by means of two or more pivots on each side near the jaws, in which case the bever consists of several laminæ or plates, one shutting over the other.

Etymology 3

From Middle English bever, from Anglo-Norman bever (modern French boire), from Latin bib?.

Noun

bever (plural bevers)

1. A drink.

   • Bid my subsiser carry my hackney to the buttery, and give him his bever; it is a civil and sober beast, and will drink moderately.

2. (now rare, archaic) A snack or light refreshment between meals.
   • 1604, Christopher Marlowe, Dr. Faustus:

     Thirty meals a day and ten bevers.

   • 1980, Anthony Burgess, Earthly Powers:

     Very softly I boiled water, made a sandwich from the remains of the luncheon roast chicken, scalded the Twining creature. Then I softly carried my bever to the study on a tray […].

3. A time for drinking.
4. A mixture of cider and water.

Synonyms

• (drink): drink
• (snack): snack

Related terms

• beverage

Verb

bever (third-person singular simple present bevers, present participle bevering, simple past and past participle bevered)

1. (obsolete) To take a light repast between meals.

Etymology 4

Noun

bever (plural bevers)

1. Obsolete form of beaver.

Anagrams

• breve

Dutch

Etymology

From Middle Dutch b?ver, from Old Dutch *bevar, from Proto-Germanic *bebruz.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?be?.v?r/
• Hyphenation: be?ver
• Rhymes: -e?v?r

Noun

bever m (plural bevers, diminutive bevertje n)

1. A beaver, rodent of the genus Castor.

Derived terms

Descendants

• Afrikaans: bewer

Anagrams

• breve

Hungarian

Etymology

be- +? ver

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?b?v?r]
• Hyphenation: be?ver
• Rhymes: -?r

Verb

bever

1. (transitive, of one's head) to knock (into something -ba/-be)

2. (transitive, of nails) to drive in (-ba/-be)

Conjugation

Derived terms

• beverés

Ladino

Etymology

From Latin bib?, bibere.

Verb

bever (Latin spelling)

1. to drink

Middle Dutch

Etymology

From Old Dutch *bevar, from Proto-Germanic *bebruz.

Noun

b?ver m

1. beaver

Inflection

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Descendants

• Dutch: bever
  • Afrikaans: bewer
• Limburgish: baever

Further reading

• “bever”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
• Verwijs, E.; Verdam, J. (1885–1929) , “bever”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, ?ISBN

Middle English

Etymology 1

From Old English beofor, from Proto-Germanic *bebruz, from Proto-Indo-European *b?éb?rus.

Alternative forms

• befer, beofer, bevyr, bevere, bevyre, bewer, bevre, byvre, beever, beauver, beuver

Pronunciation

• (Early ME) IPA^(key): /?bø?v?r/
• IPA^(key): /?b??v?r/

Noun

bever (plural bevers)

2. A beaver (rodent of the genus Castor).
3. Beaver fur, skin, or pelt, or a similar cloth.

Descendants

• English: beaver
• Scots: bever, baiver
• ? Irish: béabhar

References

• “b?ver, n.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2019-04-23.

Etymology 2

From Anglo-Norman bever (modern French boire), from Latin bib?.

Alternative forms

• bevere

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?b??v?r/

Noun

bever (plural bevers)

2. (rare, Late Middle English) beverage

Related terms

• beverage

Descendants

• English: bever

References

• “b?ver, n.(2).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2019-04-23.

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Middle Low German bever (compare with Dutch bever, German Biber and English beaver). The word replaced Old Norse bjórr (compare with Norwegian Nynorsk bjor).

Noun

bever m (definite singular beveren, indefinite plural bevere or bevre or bevrer, definite plural beverne or bevrene)

1. a beaver (aquatic mammal)

   En bever kan veie opptil 40 kg.

   A beaver can weigh up to 40 kg.

2. a beaver's fur

   Kåpen er av bever.

   The coat is made of beaver fur.

3. a 6- to 8-year-old member of the Scouts

References

• “bever” in The Ordnett Dictionary
• “bever” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
• Article in Store norske leksikon ("great Norwegian encyclopedia") on beavers.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Middle Low German bever (compare Dutch bever, German German Biber and English beaver). The word replaced Old Norse bjórr (compare Norwegian Nynorsk bjor).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?be???r/

Noun

bever m (definite singular beveren, indefinite plural beverar, definite plural beverane)

1. beaver (aquatic mammal), a roden of the genus Castor, specifically the European beaver, Castor fiber

   Ein bever kan vege opptil 40 kg.

   A beaver can weigh up to 40 kg.

2. a beaver's fur

   Kåpa er av bever.

   The coat is made of beaver fur.

3. a 6- to 8-year-old member of the Scouts

Synonyms

• bjor

References

• “bever” in The Ordnett Dictionary
• “bever” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
• Article in Store norske leksikon ("great Norwegian encyclopedia") on beavers.

Occitan

Verb

bever

1. Alternative form of beure

Conjugation

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Old French

Etymology 1

see beivre

Verb

bever

1. Alternative form of beivre

Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a third-group verb. This verb has irregularities in its conjugation. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

Etymology 2

From Proto-Germanic *bebruz. More at English beaver.

Noun

bever m (oblique plural bevers, nominative singular bevers, nominative plural bever)

1. beaver (mammal)

Old Portuguese

Etymology

From Latin bibere, present active infinitive of bib? (“I drink”), from Proto-Italic *pib?, from Proto-Indo-European *píph?eti.

Cognate with Galician beber, Spanish beber, Catalan beure, Occitan beure, French boire, Italian bere and Romanian bea.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /be.?be?/ (for beber)
• IPA^(key): /be.??e?/ (for bever)

Verb

bever

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Conjugation

Descendants

• Galician: beber
• Portuguese: beber

  Kabuverdianu: bebe

  Papiamentu: bebe, bebi

• Portuguese: beber

  Papiamentu: bebe, bebi

(Papiamentu bebe, bebi came separately from Portuguese beber and Kabuverdianu bebe.)

Romansch

Alternative forms

• (Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) baiver
• (Sursilvan) beiber
• (Sutsilvan) beber

Etymology

From Latin bib?, bibere.

Verb

bever

1. (Sutsilvan, Surmiran) to drink