different between lean vs short
lean
English
Pronunciation
- enPR: l?n, IPA(key): /li?n/
- Rhymes: -i?n
- Homophone: lien
Etymology 1
From Middle English lenen (“to lean”), from Old English hleonian, hlinian (“to lean, recline, lie down, rest”), from Proto-Germanic *hlin?n? (“to lean, incline”), from Proto-Indo-European *?ley-. Cognate via Proto-Germanic with Middle Dutch leunen (“to lean”), German lehnen (“to lean”); via Proto-Indo-European with climate, cline.
Verb
lean (third-person singular simple present leans, present participle leaning, simple past and past participle leaned or (UK) leant)
- To incline, deviate, or bend, from a vertical position; to be in a position thus inclining or deviating.
- (copulative) To incline in opinion or desire; to conform in conduct; often with to, toward, etc.
- Followed by against, on, or upon: to rest or rely, for support, comfort, etc.
- To hang outwards.
- To press against.
Derived terms
Related terms
- climate
- cline
Translations
Noun
lean (plural leans)
- (of an object taller than its width and depth) An inclination away from the vertical.
- The trees had various leans toward gaps in the canopy.
Synonyms
- (inclination away from vertical): tilt
Etymology 2
From Middle English lene (“lean”), from Old English hl?ne (“lean”), (cognate with Low German leen), perhaps from hl?nan (“to cause to lean (due to hunger or lack of food)”), from Proto-Germanic *hlainijan? (“to cause to lean”). If so, then related to Old English hlinian, hleonian (“to lean”).
Adjective
lean (comparative leaner, superlative leanest)
- (of a person or animal) Slim; not fleshy.
- Synonyms: lithe, svelte, willowy; see also Thesaurus:slender
- (of meat) Having little fat.
- Having little extra or little to spare; scanty; meagre.
- Synonyms: insufficient, scarce, sparse; see also Thesaurus:inadequate
- Having a low proportion or concentration of a desired substance or ingredient.
- Synonyms: deficient, dilute, poor
- Antonym: rich
- (printing, archaic) Of a character which prevents the compositor from earning the usual wages; opposed to fat.
- (business) Efficient, economic, frugal, agile, slimmed-down; pertaining to the modern industrial principles of "lean manufacturing"
Derived terms
- leanness
- leansome
Translations
Noun
lean (countable and uncountable, plural leans)
- (uncountable) Meat with no fat on it.
- 1639 or earlier, Anon, Jack Sprat
- Jack Sprat would eat no fat, / His wife would eat no lean.
- 1639 or earlier, Anon, Jack Sprat
- (countable, biology) An organism that is lean in stature.
- 1986, Southwest Fisheries Center (U.S.), Collected Reprints (issue 1)
- The intermediates and leans are the predominant morphotypes found at the SE-NHR seamounts […]
- 2012, Obesity: New Insights for the Healthcare Professional (page 56)
- Obese Zuckers, compared to leans, consumed more food under free-feeding conditions.
- 1986, Southwest Fisheries Center (U.S.), Collected Reprints (issue 1)
Verb
lean (third-person singular simple present leans, present participle leaning, simple past and past participle leaned)
- To thin out (a fuel-air mixture): to reduce the fuel flow into the mixture so that there is more air or oxygen.
Etymology 3
From Icelandic leyna? Akin to German leugnen (“deny”). Compare lie (“speak falsely”).
Verb
lean (third-person singular simple present leans, present participle leaning, simple past and past participle leaned)
- To conceal.
References
Etymology 4
Probably from the verb to lean (see etymology 1 above), supposedly because consumption of the intoxicating beverage causes one to "lean".
Noun
lean (uncountable)
- (slang, US) A recreational drug based on codeine-laced promethazine cough syrup, popular in the hip hop community in the southeastern United States.
- Synonyms: sizzurp, syrup, purple drank
See also
- lean on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
References
- lean in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
- lean in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
Anagrams
- Alne, ELAN, Lane, Lena, Nale, Neal, elan, enal, lane, nale, neal, élan
Galician
Verb
lean
- third-person plural present subjunctive of ler
Irish
Etymology
From Old Irish lenaid (“stays, sticks (to), follows”), from Proto-Celtic *linati (“stick”), from Proto-Indo-European *h?leyH- (“to smear”); compare Latin lin? (“anoint”), l?mus (“mud, slime”), Sanskrit ?????? (lin?ti, “sticks, stays”).
Pronunciation
- (Munster) IPA(key): /l?an??/
- (Connacht, Ulster) IPA(key): /l??an?/, /l??an??/
Verb
lean (present analytic leanann, future analytic leanfaidh, verbal noun leanúint, past participle leanta)
- (transitive, intransitive) follow
- continue
- remain
- endure
Conjugation
- Alternative verbal noun: leanacht (Cois Fharraige)
Derived terms
- folean
- leantóir
Further reading
- "lean" in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
- Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019) , “lenaid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Northern Sami
Pronunciation
- (Kautokeino) IPA(key): /?lea?n/
Verb
lean
- inflection of leat:
- first-person singular present indicative
- past indicative connegative
Old English
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /læ???n/
Etymology 1
From Proto-Germanic *laun?, from a suffixed form of Proto-Indo-European *leh?w- (“catch, plunder, profit”). Cognate with Old Frisian l?n, Old Saxon l?n, Dutch loon, Old High German l?n (German Lohn), Old Norse laun (Swedish lön), Gothic ???????????????? (laun). The Indo-European root is also the source of Ancient Greek ???? (leía) (from *?????), Latin lucrum, Old Church Slavonic ???? (lov?) (Russian ??? (lov)), Old Irish lóg, Lithuanian lãvinti.
Noun
l?an n
- reward
Declension
Derived terms
- i?l?an
Related terms
- l?anian
Etymology 2
From Proto-Germanic *lahan?. Cognate with Old Saxon lahan, Old High German lahan, Old Norse lá, Gothic ???????????????????? (laian).
Verb
l?an
- (transitive) to blame, fault, reproach
Conjugation
Descendants
- Middle English: *l?en (attested in past tense lough)
Scottish Gaelic
Etymology
From Old Irish lenaid (“stays, sticks (to), follows”), from Proto-Celtic *linati (“stick”), from Proto-Indo-European *h?leyH- (“to smear”); compare Latin lin? (“anoint”), Sanskrit ?????? (lin?ti, “sticks, stays”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /??n/
Verb
lean (past lean, future leanaidh, verbal noun leantainn or leanmhainn, past participle leanta)
- follow
- continue, proceed
Derived terms
- fo-leantach (“subjunctive”)
- lean air (“continue”)
- ainlean (“persecute”)
Spanish
Verb
lean
- Second-person plural (ustedes) imperative form of leer.
- Second-person plural (ustedes) present subjunctive form of leer.
- Third-person plural (ellos, ellas, also used with ustedes?) present subjunctive form of leer.
West Frisian
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Noun
lean n (plural leanen, diminutive leantsje)
- wage, wages, salary
- reward
Further reading
- “lean”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011
lean From the web:
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short
English
Etymology
From Middle English schort, short, from Old English s?eort, s?ort (“short”), from Proto-West Germanic *skurt, from Proto-Germanic *skurtaz (“short”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker-.
Cognate with shirt, skirt, curt, Scots short, schort (“short”), French court, German kurz, Old High German scurz (“short”) (whence Middle High German schurz), Old Norse skorta (“to lack”) (whence Danish skorte), Albanian shkurt (“short, brief”), Latin curtus (“shortened, incomplete”), Proto-Slavic *kort?k?. Doublet of curt. More at shirt.
Pronunciation
- enPR: shôrt
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /???t/
- (General American) IPA(key): /???t/
- (St. Louis (Missouri)) IPA(key): [???t]
- (General Australian, General New Zealand) IPA(key): /?o?t/
- Rhymes: -??(?)t
Adjective
short (comparative shorter, superlative shortest)
- Having a small distance from one end or edge to another, either horizontally or vertically.
- (of a person) Of comparatively small height.
- Having little duration.
- Antonym: long
- (followed by for) Of a word or phrase, constituting an abbreviation (for another) or shortened form (of another).
- (cricket, of a fielder or fielding position) that is relatively close to the batsman.
- (cricket, of a ball) bowled so that it bounces relatively far from the batsman.
- (golf, of an approach shot or putt) that falls short of the green or the hole.
- (of pastries) Brittle, crumbly, especially due to the use of a large quantity of fat. (See shortbread, shortcake, shortcrust, shortening.)
- Abrupt; brief; pointed; petulant.
- Limited in quantity; inadequate; insufficient; scanty.
- Insufficiently provided; inadequately supplied, especially with money; scantily furnished; lacking.
- Deficient; less; not coming up to a measure or standard.
- (colloquial) Undiluted; neat.
- (obsolete) Not distant in time; near at hand.
- But, alas! he who escapes from death is not pardoned; he is only reprieved, and reprieved to a short day.
- Being in a financial investment position that is structured to be profitable if the price of the underlying security declines in the future.
Usage notes
- (having a small distance between ends or edges): Short is often used in the positive vertical dimension and used as is shallow in the negative vertical dimension; in the horizontal dimension narrow is more commonly used.
Synonyms
- (having a small distance between ends or edges): low, narrow, slim, shallow
- (of a person, of comparatively little height): little, pint-sized, petite, titchy (slang)
- (having little duration): brief, concise
- (constituting an abbreviation (for)): an abbreviation of, a short form of
Antonyms
- (having a small distance between ends or edges): tall, high, wide, broad, deep, long
- (of a person, of comparatively little height): tall
- (having little duration): long
- (cricket, of a fielder or fielding position, relatively close to the batsman): long
- (financial position expecting falling value): long
Translations
Adverb
short (not comparable)
- Abruptly, curtly, briefly.
- Unawares.
- Without achieving a goal or requirement.
- (cricket, of the manner of bounce of a cricket ball) Relatively far from the batsman and hence bouncing higher than normal; opposite of full.
- (finance) With a negative ownership position.
Derived terms
- three stops short of Dagenham
Translations
Noun
short (plural shorts)
- A short circuit.
- A short film.
- 2012 July 12, Sam Adams, AV Club Ice Age: Continental Drift[2]
- Preceded by a Simpsons short shot in 3-D—perhaps the only thing more superfluous than a fourth Ice Age movie—Ice Age: Continental Drift finds a retinue of vaguely contemporaneous animals coping with life in the post-Pangaea age.
- 2012 July 12, Sam Adams, AV Club Ice Age: Continental Drift[2]
- A short version of a garment in a particular size.
- (baseball) A shortstop.
- (finance) A short seller.
- (finance) A short sale.
- A summary account.
- (phonetics) A short sound, syllable, or vowel.
- (programming) An integer variable having a smaller range than normal integers; usually two bytes long.
- (US, slang) An automobile; especially in crack shorts, to break into automobiles.
- 1975, Mary Sanches, Ben G. Blount, Sociocultural Dimensions of Language Use (page 47)
- For example, one addict would crack shorts (break and enter cars) and usually obtain just enough stolen goods to buy stuff and get off just before getting sick.
- 1982, United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee on Juvenile Justice, Career Criminal Life Sentence Act of 1981: Hearings (page 87)
- […] list of all crimes reported by these 61 daily criminals during their years on the street is: theft (this includes shoplifting; "cracking shorts", burglary and other forms of stealing), dealing, forgery, gambling, confidence games (flim-flam, etc.) […]
- 1975, Mary Sanches, Ben G. Blount, Sociocultural Dimensions of Language Use (page 47)
Translations
See also
- shorts
Verb
short (third-person singular simple present shorts, present participle shorting, simple past and past participle shorted)
- (transitive) To cause a short circuit in (something).
- (intransitive) Of an electrical circuit, to short circuit.
- (transitive) To shortchange.
- (transitive) To provide with a smaller than agreed or labeled amount.
- (transitive, business) To sell something, especially securities, that one does not own at the moment for delivery at a later date in hopes of profiting from a decline in the price; to sell short.
- (obsolete) To shorten.
Translations
Preposition
short
- Deficient in.
- (finance) Having a negative position in.
Synonyms
- (deficient in): lacking, short on
Translations
Derived terms
Anagrams
- Stohr, horst, hotrs, thors, trosh
Albanian
Etymology
Borrowed through Vulgar Latin from Latin sors, sortem.
Noun
short m
- drawing (action where the outcome is selected by chance using a draw)
- sweepstakes
Chinese
Etymology
From English short.
Pronunciation
Adjective
short
- (Cantonese) insane; crazy
Derived terms
Verb
short
- (Cantonese, of electronics) to malfunction
- (Cantonese, electrical engineering) to short-circuit
References
- ???? [3]
French
Etymology
From English shorts.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /???t/
Noun
short m (plural shorts)
- shorts, short trousers (UK)
- Avec un pantalon, j'ai moins froid aux jambes qu'avec un short.
- “With trousers on, my legs are not as cold as with shorts on.”
- Avec un pantalon, j'ai moins froid aux jambes qu'avec un short.
Further reading
- “short” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
Italian
Etymology
From English short.
Noun
short m (invariable)
- short (short film etc)
Middle English
Adjective
short
- Alternative form of schort
Portuguese
Alternative forms
- shorts
Etymology
From English shorts.
Noun
short m (plural shorts)
- shorts (pants that do not go lower than the knees)
- Synonym: calção
Spanish
Etymology
From English shorts.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /??o?t/, [??o?t?]
Noun
short m (plural shorts)
- shorts
short From the web:
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- what shortens during muscle contraction
- what shortages are coming
- what shortages are there right now
- what shortens your period
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- what short played before luca
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