different between lar vs lai

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin l?r (“ancestral deity or spirit”) from Etruscan.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /l??/
• (US) IPA^(key): /l??/, [l??], [l??]

Noun

lar (plural lars or lares)

1. (Roman mythology, chiefly in the plural) singular of lares: a household god, particularly overseeing the family itself.
2. The lar gibbon.

Usage notes

The gibbon is pluralized as lars. The Latin household gods usually appear as the plurale tantum Lares, following its Latin plural form and capitalized to denote a particular group of lares; the alternative forms Lars, lares, and lars sometimes appear.

Anagrams

• ALR, LRA

Albanian

Etymology

An early borrowing from Latin laurus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /la?/

Noun

lar m (indefinite plural larë, definite singular lari, definite plural larët)

1. (botany) laurel (Laurus nobilis)

Declension

Synonyms

• dafinë

Derived terms

• larëz, larth, larushkë

References

Galician

Etymology

From Latin larem (“guardian spirit; home”), from Etruscan.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?la?/

Noun

lar m (plural lares)

1. home (place or building where one dwells)

2. fireside
3. hearth
   • 1485, Antonio López Ferreiro (ed.), Galicia Histórica. Colección diplomática. Santiago: Tipografía Galaica, page 286:

     iten vnna caldeyra de trager agoa, iten hua caldeyra de sobre do lar, iten dous caldeyros de mao

     item, a bucket for carrying water; item a cauldron for hanging over the hearth; item two hand cauldrons

4. A household or ancestral god in ancient Rome

Synonyms

• (home): casa, fogar
• (fireside): lareira
• (hearth): ástrago, larega, sollo

Derived terms

• larada
• lareira (“fireplace”)
• larengo (“piglet”)
• lariño (“nest”) (snug residence)

References

• “lar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006-2012.
• “lar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006-2013.
• “lar” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
• “lar” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

Latin

Alternative forms

• lars

Etymology

Probably from Etruscan ???????????? (lar), ???????????????? (lars), or ???????????????? (lar?, “lord”), though it could possibly be from Proto-Indo-European *las- (“eager”), cognate with lascivus.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /la?r/, [??ä?r]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /lar/, [l?r]

Noun

l?r m (genitive laris); third declension

1. the protective spirit of a place, particularly a household
2. home, household

Declension

Third-declension noun.

Related terms

• Lar?s

Descendants

References

• Lar in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• lar in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• lar in William Smith, editor (1848) A Dictionary of Greek Biography and Mythology, London: John Murray
• De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7)?^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, ?ISBN

Middle English

Noun

lar

1. Alternative form of lore

Norwegian Bokmål

Verb

lar

1. present tense of la

Norwegian Nynorsk

Verb

lar

1. present tense of la

Old English

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *laiz?, from *laizijan? (“to teach”). Cognate with Old Saxon l?ra, Dutch leer, Old High German l?ra (German Lehre).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /l??r/

Noun

l?r f (nominative plural l?re)

1. teaching, learning, education
2. lesson
3. teaching, doctrine
4. advice, counsel

Declension

Derived terms

• b?cl?r
• misl?r

Related terms

• l?ran

Descendants

• Middle English: lore, lare, lar
  • Scots: lare, lair
  • English: lore

Portuguese

Etymology

From Latin larem (“guardian spirit”), from Etruscan ???????????? (lar), ???????????????? (lars), or ???????????????? (lar?, “lord”).

Pronunciation

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /la?/
• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /la?/
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /la?/
  • (Caipira) IPA^(key): /la?/

Noun

lar m (plural lares)

1. (endearing) home (place or building where one dwells)

   Synonym: casa

Related terms

• lareira

Spanish

Etymology

From Latin l?r, l?rem, in its current form most likely a learned borrowing. A popular or inherited form also existed, referring to the irons in a hearth on which vats were hung to heat water or make stews. The word may ultimately be of Etruscan origin.

Noun

lar m (plural lares)

1. hearth

   Synonym: hogar

See also

• casa f

References

Westrobothnian

Etymology 1

From Old Norse lárr, cognate with Finnish laari, Russian ???? (lar?), of unknown origin. Doublet of laar.

Noun

lar

1. Box.

Derived terms

• vealar

Etymology 2

From Old Norse lár, from Proto-Germanic *lahwaz.

Noun

lar

1. Thigh.

English

Etymology

From Middle English lai, lay, from Old French lai (“song, lyric, poem”), from Old Frankish *laik, *laih (“play, melody, song”), from Proto-Germanic *laikaz, *laikiz (“jump, play, dance, hymn”), from Proto-Indo-European *leyg- (“to jump, spring, play”). Akin to Old High German leih (“a play, skit, melody, song”), Middle High German leich (“piece of music, epic song played on a harp”), Gothic ???????????????????? (laiks, “a dance”), Old English l?can (“to move quickly, fence, sing”). More at lake.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /la?/
• Rhymes: -a?
• Homophones: lie, lye

Noun

lai (plural lais)

1. (historical) A mostly North European medieval form of lyrical, narrative poem written in octosyllabic couplets that often deals with tales of adventure and romance., with stanzas that do not repeat.

See also

• lai on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Anagrams

• -ial, Ali, IAL, LIA, ail, ali-

Aromanian

Alternative forms

• laiu

Etymology

Uncertain. Compare Romanian lai, Albanian ljaj.

Adjective

lai

1. black
2. (figuratively) poor, miserable, unfortunate
3. (figuratively) wicked, bad

Synonyms

• (black): negru
• (poor, unfortunate): mãrat, curbusit, stuhinat, scurpisit, buisit, vãpsit
• (wicked, bad): arãu, slab, urut, cãtrãcearcu, afischcu, tihilai, blãstimat

Related terms

• lãeatsã
• lãiturã
• lãescu
• lãilji

Bourguignon

Etymology

From Latin illa.

Article

lai (masculine le or lou, plural les)

1. (feminine nouns) the

Estonian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *lakja, originally from a Germanic source. Cognate to Finnish laaja, Livonian laiga.

Adjective

lai (genitive laia, partitive laia, comparative laiem, superlative kõige laiem)

1. wide, broad

Declension

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /l?/

Etymology 1

From Middle French lai, from Old French lai (“song, lyric, poem”), from Frankish *laik, *laih (“play, melody, song”), from Proto-Germanic *laikaz, *laikiz (“jump, play, dance, hymn”), from Proto-Indo-European *leyg- (“to jump, spring, play”). Akin to Old High German leih (“a play, skit, melody, song”), Middle High German leich (“piece of music, epic song played on a harp”), Old English l?can (“to move quickly, fence, sing”). More at lake. Alternatively from Celtic; compare Old Irish laíd (“poem”).

Noun

lai m (plural lais)

1. (historical) A mostly North European medieval form of lyrical, narrative poem written in octosyllabic couplets that often deals with tales of adventure and romance., with stanzas that do not repeat.

Etymology 2

From Old French lai, from Latin l?icus. Doublet of laïque.

Adjective

lai (feminine singular laie, masculine plural lais, feminine plural laies)

1. lay, equivalent to French laïc, laïque (relating to laypersons as opposed to clerical).

   Only used in the phrase "frères lais"; means religious servants not (yet) having been admitted to the priestly dignity.

Anagrams

• ail, lia

Further reading

• “lai” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Ido

Noun

lai

1. plural of la

Istriot

Noun

lai

1. side

Adverb

lai

1. here (this place)
   • 1877, Antonio Ive, Canti popolari istriani: raccolti a Rovigno, volume 5, Ermanno Loescher, page 40:

     Vuoltite biunduleîna inverso lai,

     Turn around towards this place, little blonde,

Iu Mien

Etymology

From Proto-Hmong-Mien *-?ræi (“vegetable”). Cognate with White Hmong zaub and Western Xiangxi Miao [Fenghuang] reib.

Noun

lai 

1. vegetable

Khasi

Numeral

lai

1. three

Laboya

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *laki?. Cognate with Indonesian laki.

Noun

lai

1. husband

References

• Rina, A. Dj.; Kabba, John Lado B. (2011) , “lai”, in Kamus Bahasa Lamboya, Kabupaten Sumba Bakat [Dictionary of Lamboya Language, West Sumba Regency], Waikabubak: Dinas Kebudayaan dan Pariwisata, Kabupaten Sumba Bakat, page 58
• Laboya in Austronesian Comparative Dictionary

Latvian

Etymology

Traditionally, lai is derived from the imperative form of the verb laist (“to allow, to permit”) (quod vide): laid ? lai, an evolution reminiscent of Russian ?????? (puskaj), ????? (pust?, “let, so be”) from ??????? (puskat?, “to allow, to permit”). The form laid is indeed attested as a conjunction in the earliest sources. This view, however, has been recently criticized on the basis that Latvian lai, Lithuanian la? are clearly related to Old Prussian -lai, which is added to (usually infinitive) verbs to indicate volitive or conditional mood. This suggests a Proto-Baltic form *lai, probably related to the final -le of Latvian reinforcing particles jele ~ jel, nule, and (dialectal) nele, and to Old Prussian -le, apparently a variant of -lai. This *le would then have the same origin as Proto-Slavic *li (compare Polish li (“only”) Russian ?? (li)), with cognates in other languages (Albanian, Tocharian) from a basic Proto-Indo-European *l-. After this criticism, the relationship between lai and laist has become unclear. Maybe Proto-Indo-European *l- was an old verb, or maybe laist was derived from an older particle.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [laî]

Conjunction

lai

1. with the conditional, indicating purpose, sometimes cause; sometimes correlating with t?p?c, t?d?? in the main clause; so that, in order to, in order that

2. indicating concession, especially in the combinations lai gan, lai ar?; though, although, even though

3. indicating strong concession, in combination with ar?, nu, vai and with interrogative pronouns like cik, k?ds, kurš, kas, kur; no matter how, which, who, what, where; however, wherever, whichever, whoever, whatever, wherever

4. after certain verbs, introducing a direct object clause; that, for ... to, to

5. indicating manner and/or purpose, usually correlating with an adverb like t? (“like that”) in the main clause; so that, such that, in such a way that

6. indicating consequence, especially with tik (“so (much)”), p?r?k (“too much”) and an adjective or participle in the main clause; so that, so ... that, too (much) ... for, to, that

Particle

lai

1. used to express an optative (wish) nuance: may, may it be that

2. used to express encouragement, agreement: let

3. used to mark third person imperative forms of verbs; sometimes used with the first person also: let

4. used to give a nuance of indecision or doubt, especially in a question should, could

5. (colloquial) used to add strength to a word or expression, to link it more tightly to the rest of the sentence

6. used to reinforce a word, highlighting it among others

7. used, sometimes with nu or ir, to indicate tolerance of, or agreement with, someone else

References

Maia

Noun

lai

1. beach

Mandarin

Romanization

lai

1. Nonstandard spelling of lái.
2. Nonstandard spelling of l?i.
3. Nonstandard spelling of lài.

Usage notes

• English transcriptions of Mandarin speech often fail to distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without the appropriate indication of tone.

Maroon Spirit Language

Etymology

From English lie.

Noun

lai (plural lais)

1. lie (intentionally false statement)

Old French

Noun

lai m (oblique plural lais, nominative singular lais, nominative plural lai)

1. lai (Medieval text)

Adjective

lai m (oblique and nominative feminine singular laie)

1. ugly

Descendants

• French: laid

Old Irish

Noun

lai

1. Alternative spelling of laí

Pnar

Etymology

From Proto-Khasian *la:j ~ *la:c. The expected reflex is *le. Cognate with Khasi leit.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /laj/

Verb

lai 

1. to go

Romanian

Alternative forms

• l?u

Etymology

Uncertain. Several explanations exist. One derives it from Albanian ljaj, itself possibly from Latin flavus, but this is uncertain, and it may be that the Albanian is derived from Proto-Romanian (or Aromanian- compare the cognate laiu, lae in this language). Other theories suggest a Romanian root *g?lai, from Latin galla or alternatively an etymology from labes (“fault, defect”), extending the meaning to "spot" and hence, "black" or "dark", but as it is a secondary meaning in Latin, this is not very likely. A more likely explanation may be a relation to the verb la (“to wash”), as lai is used mostly to describe the natural color of wool resulting from washing (compare the similar secondary senses of Spanish crudo, French écru).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /laj/

Adjective

lai m or n (feminine singular laie, plural l?i)

1. (popular) black (or black mixed with white), gray

Declension

Synonyms

• negru
• brum?riu

References

Romansch

Etymology 1

From Latin lacus, from Proto-Italic *lakus, from Proto-Indo-European *lókus (“lake, pool”).

Noun

lai m (plural lais)

1. lake

Alternative forms

• (Sursilvan, Sutsilvan) lag
• (Sutsilvan) laitg
• (Puter) lej

Etymology 2

From Latin lectus.

Noun

lai f (plural lais)

1. (Vallader) marriage, matrimony

Alternative forms

• (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Surmiran) lètg
• (Puter) alach
• (Sutsilvan) letg

Vietnamese

Pronunciation

• (Hà N?i) IPA^(key): [la?j??]
• (Hu?) IPA^(key): [la?j??]
• (H? Chí Minh City) IPA^(key): [la?j??]

Etymology 1

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese ? (“mule”, SV: la, loa).

Verb

lai

1. Short for lai gi?ng (“to crossbreed”).

Adjective

lai

1. of mixed blood; crossbred

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Noun

lai

1. (Central Vietnam, Southern Vietnam) hemline; turn-up

Etymology 3

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese ? (“a weight unit”, SV: li).

Noun

lai

1. (Central Vietnam, Southern Vietnam) hundredth part of a tael (equal to 0.378 g)

Etymology 4

Verb

lai

1. (Central Vietnam) to carry (someone) on one's bicycle or motorbike pillion; to give someone a lift on the bicycle or motorbike
2. to tow

Etymology 5

Noun

(classifier cây) lai

1. candlenut; candleberry (Aleurites moluccanus)

Welsh

Adjective

lai

1. Soft mutation of llai (“smaller”).

Mutation

Zhuang

Etymology

From Proto-Tai *?la?j? (“many; much”), from Old Chinese ? (OC *[t.l]?aj) (B-S). Cognate with Thai ???? (l?ai), Northern Thai ??????, Lao ???? (l?i), Lü ?? (l?aay), Khün ??????, Shan ??? (l?ay), Bouyei laail, Saek ?????. Compare Jizhao la?i²¹.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Zhuang) IPA^(key): /la?i??/
• Tone numbers: lai¹
• Hyphenation: lai

Adjective

lai (Sawndip forms ???? or ? or ???? or ????, old orthography lai)

1. many, much, a lot

   Antonym: noix

Derived terms

• geijlai
• haujlai

Adverb

lai (Sawndip forms ???? or ? or ???? or ????, old orthography lai)

1. more
2. comparatively; more
3. too; exceedingly; very