different between language vs have

English

Pronunciation

• enPR: l?ng?gw?j, IPA^(key): /?læ??w?d??/
  • (General American, Canada) IPA^(key): (see /æ/ raising) [?le???w?d??]
• Hyphenation: lan?guage

Etymology 1

From Middle English langage, language, from Old French language, from Vulgar Latin *lingu?ticum, from Latin lingua (“tongue, speech, language”), from Old Latin dingua (“tongue”), from Proto-Indo-European *dn???wéh?s (“tongue, speech, language”). Displaced native Old English ?eþ?ode.

Noun

language (countable and uncountable, plural languages)

1. (countable) A body of words, and set of methods of combining them (called a grammar), understood by a community and used as a form of communication.
   • 1867, Report on the Systems of Deaf-Mute Instruction pursued in Europe, quoted in 1983 in History of the College for the Deaf, 1857-1907 ?ISBN, page 240:

     Hence the natural language of the mute is, in schools of this class, suppressed as soon and as far as possible, and its existence as a language, capable of being made the reliable and precise vehicle for the widest range of thought, is ignored.
2. (uncountable) The ability to communicate using words.

3. (uncountable) A sublanguage: the slang of a particular community or jargon of a particular specialist field.
   • 1991, Stephen Fry, The Liar, p. 35:

     And ‘blubbing’... Blubbing went out with ‘decent’ and ‘ripping’. Mind you, not a bad new language to start up. Nineteen-twenties schoolboy slang could be due for a revival.

4. (countable, uncountable, figuratively) The expression of thought (the communication of meaning) in a specified way; that which communicates something, as language does.
   • 2001, Eugene C. Kennedy, Sara C. Charles, On Becoming a Counselor ?ISBN:

     A tale about themselves [is] told by people with help from the universal languages of their eyes, their hands, and even their shirting feet.
5. (countable, uncountable) A body of sounds, signs and/or signals by which animals communicate, and by which plants are sometimes also thought to communicate.
   • 1983, The Listener, volume 110, page 14:

     A more likely hypothesis was that the attacked leaves were transmitting some airborne chemical signal to sound the alarm, rather like insects sending out warnings […] But this is the first time that a plant-to-plant language has been detected.

   • 2009, Animals in Translation, page 274:

     Prairie dogs use their language to refer to real dangers in the real world, so it definitely has meaning.

6. (computing, countable) A computer language; a machine language.
   • 2015, Kent D. Lee, Foundations of Programming Languages ?ISBN, page 94

     In fact pointers are called references in these languages to distinguish them from pointers in languages like C and C++.

7. (uncountable) Manner of expression.
   • 1782, William Cowper, Hope

     Their language simple, as their manners meek, […]

8. (uncountable) The particular words used in a speech or a passage of text.

9. (uncountable) Profanity.

Synonyms

• (form of communication): see Thesaurus:language
• (vocabulary of a particular field): see Thesaurus:jargon
• (computer language): computer language, programming language, machine language
• (particular words used): see Thesaurus:wording

Hypernyms

• medium

Hyponyms

• See Category:en:Languages

Derived terms

Related terms

Translations

Verb

language (third-person singular simple present languages, present participle languaging, simple past and past participle languaged)

1. (rare, now nonstandard or technical) To communicate by language; to express in language.

   • Others were languaged in such doubtful expressions that they have a double sense.

See also

• bilingual
• lexis
• linguistics
• multilingual
• term
• trilingual
• word

Etymology 2

Alteration of languet.

Noun

language (plural languages)

1. A languet, a flat plate in or below the flue pipe of an organ.

References

• language at OneLook Dictionary Search
• language in Keywords for Today: A 21st Century Vocabulary, edited by The Keywords Project, Colin MacCabe, Holly Yanacek, 2018.
• language in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

French

Noun

language m (plural languages)

1. Archaic spelling of langage.

Middle English

Noun

language (plural languages)

1. Alternative form of langage

Middle French

Alternative forms

• langage
• langaige
• languaige

Etymology

From Old French language.

Noun

language m (plural languages)

1. language (style of communicating)

Related terms

• langue

Descendants

• French: langage
  • Haitian Creole: langaj
    • ? English: langaj
  • Mauritian Creole: langaz

Old French

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Vulgar Latin *lingu?ticum, from Classical Latin lingua (“tongue, language”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lan??ad???/

Noun

language f (oblique plural languages, nominative singular language, nominative plural languages)

1. language (style of communicating)

Related terms

• langue, lingue

Descendants

• ? Middle English: language
  • English: language
• Middle French: language
  • French: langage
    • Haitian Creole: langaj
      • ? English: langaj
    • Mauritian Creole: langaz
• ? Old Spanish: lenguage

English

Pronunciation

• (stressed) IPA^(key): /hæv/
• (unstressed) IPA^(key): /h?v/, /?v/, /?/
• (have to): (UK, US) IPA^(key): /hæf/, (UK) IPA^(key): /hæv/
• (obsolete, stressed) IPA^(key): /he?v/
• Rhymes: -æv

Etymology 1

From Middle English haven, from Old English habban, hafian (“to have”), from Proto-Germanic *habjan? (“to have”), durative of *habjan? (“to lift, take up”), from Proto-Indo-European *kh?pyéti, present tense of *keh?p- (“to take, seize, catch”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian hääbe (“to have”), West Frisian hawwe (“to have”), Dutch hebben (“to have”), Afrikaans hê (“to have”), Low German hebben, hewwen (“to have”), German haben (“to have”), Danish have (“to have”), Swedish hava (“to have”), Norwegian Nynorsk ha (“to have”), Icelandic hafa (“to have”), Albanian kap (“I grab, catch, grip”), Latin capi? (“take”, verb), Russian ?????? (xapat?, “to seize”). More at heave.

Since there is no common Indo-European root for a transitive possessive verb have (notice that Latin habe? is not etymologically related to English have), Proto-Indo-European probably lacked the have structure. Instead, the third person forms of be were used, with the possessor in dative case, compare Latin mihi est / sunt, literally to me is / are.

Alternative forms

• haue (alternative typography, obsolete)
• hae (Scottish-English)

Verb

have (third-person singular simple present has, present participle having, simple past and past participle had)

1. (transitive) To possess, own.

2. (transitive) To hold, as something at someone's disposal.

   (not necessarily one's own key)

3. (transitive) To include as a part, ingredient, or feature.

4. (transitive) Used to state the existence or presence of someone in a specified relationship with the subject.

5. (transitive) To partake of (a particular substance, especially food or drink, or action or activity).

6. (transitive) To be scheduled to attend, undertake or participate in.

7. To experience, go through, undergo.

8. To be afflicted with, suffer from.

9. (auxiliary verb, taking a past participle) Used in forming the perfect aspect.

10. Used as an interrogative verb before a pronoun to form a tag question, echoing a previous use of 'have' as an auxiliary verb or, in certain cases, main verb. (For further discussion, see the appendix English tag questions.)

    (UK usage)

11. (auxiliary verb, taking a to-infinitive) See have to.

12. (transitive) To give birth to.

13. (transitive) To engage in sexual intercourse with.
14. (transitive) To accept as a romantic partner.

15. (transitive with bare infinitive) To cause to, by a command, request or invitation.
    • 2002, Matt Cyr, Something to Teach Me: Journal of an American in the Mountains of Haiti, Educa Vision, Inc., ?ISBN, 25:

      His English is still in its beginning stages, like my Creole, but he was able to translate some Creole songs that he's written into English—not the best English, but English nonetheless. He had me correct the translations. That kind of thing is very interesting to me. When I was learning Spanish, I would often take my favorite songs and try to translate them.

16. (transitive with adjective or adjective-phrase complement) To cause to be.

17. (transitive with bare infinitive) To be affected by an occurrence. (Used in supplying a topic that is not a verb argument.)

18. (transitive with adjective or adjective-phrase complement) To depict as being.
19. (Britain, slang) To defeat in a fight; take.

20. (Britain, slang) To inflict punishment or retribution on.

21. (dated outside Ireland) To be able to speak (a language).

22. To feel or be (especially painfully) aware of.

23. To trick, to deceive.

24. (transitive, in the negative, often in continuous tenses) To allow; to tolerate.
25. (transitive, often used in the negative) To believe, buy, be taken in by.

26. (transitive) To host someone; to take in as a guest.

27. (transitive) To get a reading, measurement, or result from an instrument or calculation.

28. (transitive, of a jury) To consider a court proceeding that has been completed; to begin deliberations on a case.

29. (transitive, birdwatching) To make an observation of (a bird species).

Usage notes

In certain dialects, expressions, and literary use, the lexical have need not use do-support, meaning the sentence Do you have an idea? can also be Have you an idea? This makes have the only lexical verb in Modern English that can function without it, aside from some nonce examples with other verbs in set phrases, as in What say you? The auxiliary have which forms the perfect tense never uses do-support, so Have you seen it? cannot be Do you have seen it?.

Conjugation

Additional archaic forms are second-person singular present tense hast, third-person singular present tense hath, present participle haveing, and second-person singular past tense hadst.

Synonyms

• (engage in sexual intercourse with): have one's way with, sleep with, take; see also Thesaurus:copulate with

Derived terms

Translations

Noun

have (plural haves)

1. A wealthy or privileged person.
   • 1981, Sepia:

     A good credit rating can mean the difference between being a have or a have not.

   • 1999, Various, The Haves and Have Nots (Penguin, ?ISBN)

     While these stories serve to make us conscious of the implications of being a “have” or a “have-not,” as with all good literature, they do much more than that. They provide a glimpse into lives that we might never encounter elsewhere.

2. (uncommon) One who has some (contextually specified) thing.
   • 2010, Simon Collin, Dictionary of Wine (A&C Black, ?ISBN):

     To find out whether you are a have or a have not, did you understand the malo and Brett sentence a few lines back? If no, this doesn't make any difference to me, as you are the proud possessor of something the 'haves' haven't got. You know exactly what you like and why you like it. The 'haves' pretend to like and understand everything, which by the way is impossible. They deliberate over choosing a bottle in the shop for hours, ...

   • 2013, Kelda, Men Under a Microscope (Author House, ?ISBN), page 57:

     Generally, I can assure you that a woman's posterior causes a stir, whether she's considered a have or a have not. But in most cases, men gravitate toward a pair of prominent gluteus muscles because they find this display appealing. This prominent protrusion can make a pair of jeans look like it was painted on, above just being good to look at. And by the way, it also incites some backshot (a Caribbean term for a well-known sex position) and spanking tendencies during sexual activity ...

   • 2014, Derek Prince, Ultimate Security: Finding a Refuge in Difficult Times (Whitaker House, ?ISBN):

     The question you must answer is, “Do you have Jesus?” In Jesus, you have eternal life. If you do not have Jesus—if you have not received Him—you do not have “the life.” Are you a “have,” or are you a “have not”? That is a vital decision every person must make—a critical issue you have to resolve for yourself.

Antonyms

• have-not

See also

• auxiliary verb
• past tense
• perfect tense

References

Etymology 2

From have on (“to deceive”).

Noun

have (plural haves)

1. (Australia, New Zealand, informal) A fraud or deception; something misleading.

References

• have at OneLook Dictionary Search

Anagrams

• evah

Danish

Etymology 1

From Old Norse hagi, from Proto-Germanic *hagô, cognate with Norwegian hage, Swedish hage, English haw, German Hag, Dutch haag.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ha?v?/, [?hæ???], [?hæ??]

Noun

have c (singular definite haven, plural indefinite haver)

1. garden
2. orchard
3. allotment

Inflection

References

• “have,1” in Den Danske Ordbog

Etymology 2

From Old Norse hafa (“to have, wear, carry”), from Proto-Germanic *habjan? (“to have, hold”), cognate with English have, German haben.

Alternative forms

• ha'

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ha(??)/, [?ha], [?hæ?], (formal) IPA^(key): /ha?v?/, [?hæ???], [?hæ??]

Verb

have (present tense har, past tense havde, past participle haft)

1. (transitive) to have, have got
2. (auxiliary, with the past participle) have (forms perfect tense)

Inflection

Derived terms

• have det
• have for
• have på
• have tilbage

References

• “have,2” in Den Danske Ordbog

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the main entry.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ha?v?/, [?hæ???], [?hæ??]

Noun

have n

1. indefinite plural of hav

Dutch

Etymology

From Middle Dutch have, derived from the verb hebben (“to have”).

Pronunciation

Noun

have f (plural haven)

1. property, possession

Derived terms

• haveloos

Latin

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /?ha.u?e/, [?häu??]
• (Affectation) (Classical) IPA^(key): /?a.u?e?/, [?äu?e?]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /?a.ve/, [???v?]
• See pronunciation note at the headword's page.

Interjection

have

1. Alternative spelling of ave (“hail!”)

Middle English

Verb

have

1. Alternative form of haven (“to have”)

Norman

Etymology

Borrowed from Old Norse háfr (“net”), from Proto-Germanic *h?b-, *h?f-, an ablaut form of *hafjan? (“to have; take; catch”). Related to English dialectal haaf (“a pock-net”).

Pronunciation

Noun

have f (plural haves)

1. (Jersey) shrimp net

Norwegian Nynorsk

Alternative forms

• hava (a and split infinitives)
• ha

Etymology

From Old Norse hafa, from Proto-Germanic *habjan? (“to have”), durative of Proto-Germanic *habjan? (“to lift, take up”), from Proto-Indo-European *keh?p- (“to take, seize, catch”).

Verb

have (present tense hev, past tense havde, past participle havt, passive infinitive havast, present participle havande, imperative hav)

1. form removed with the spelling reform of 2012; superseded by ha

Tarantino

Verb

have

1. third-person singular present indicative of avere