different between king vs baron

English

Alternative forms

• kyng, kynge (archaic)
• kinge (obsolete)

Pronunciation

• enPR: k?ng, IPA^(key): /k??/
• (US, pre-/?/ tensing), IPA^(key): /ki?/
• Rhymes: -??

Etymology 1

From Middle English king, kyng, from Old English cyng, cyning (“king”), from Proto-West Germanic *kuning, from Proto-Germanic *kuningaz, *kunungaz (“king”), equivalent to kin +? -ing. Doublet of cyning.

Cognate with Scots keeng (“king”), North Frisian köning (“king”), West Frisian kening (“king”), Dutch koning (“king”), Low German Koning, Köning (“king”), German König (“king”), Danish konge (“king”), Norwegian konge, Swedish konung, kung (“king”), Icelandic konungur, kóngur (“king”), Finnish kuningas (“king”), Russian ????? (knjaz?, “prince”), ???????? (knjagínja, “princess”). Eclipsed non-native Middle English roy (“king”) (Early Modern English roy), borrowed from Old French roi, rei, rai (“king”).

Noun

king (plural kings)

1. A male monarch; a man who heads a monarchy. If it's an absolute monarchy, then he is the supreme ruler of his nation.

2. A powerful or majorly influential person.

   • "I wish we were back in Tenth Street. But so many children came […] and the Tenth Street house wasn't half big enough; and a dreadful speculative builder built this house and persuaded Austin to buy it. Oh, dear, and here we are among the rich and great; and the steel kings and copper kings and oil kings and their heirs and dauphins. […]"
3. (countable or uncountable) Something that has a preeminent position.
4. A component of certain games.
   1. (chess) The principal chess piece, that players seek to threaten with unavoidable capture to result in a victory by checkmate. It is often the tallest piece, with a symbolic crown with a cross at the top.
   2. (card games) A playing card with the letter "K" and the image of a king on it, the thirteenth card in a given suit.
   3. A checker (a piece of checkers/draughts) that reached the farthest row forward, thus becoming crowned (either by turning it upside-down, or by stacking another checker on it) and gaining more freedom of movement.
5. (Britain, slang) A king skin.

6. A male dragonfly; a drake.
7. A king-sized bed.
   • 2002, Scott W. Donkin, Gerard Meyer, Peak Performance: Body and Mind (page 119)

     Try asking for a king-size bed next time because kings are usually firmer.

8. The monarch with the most power and authority in a monarchy, regardless of sex.

Synonyms

• Rex (the reigning king, formal), roy (obsolete, formal)

Coordinate terms

• (monarch): caesar, emperor, empress, kaiser, maharajah, prince, princess, queen, regent, royalty, shah, tsar, viceroy
• (playing card): ace, jack, joker, queen

Derived terms

Descendants

• Tok Pisin: king
• ? American Sign Language: K@Shoulder K@Abdomen
• ? Isubu: kinge
• ? Japanese: ??? (kingu)
• ? Maori: kingi

Translations

See king/translations § Noun.

See also

Verb

king (third-person singular simple present kings, present participle kinging, simple past and past participle kinged)

1. To crown king, to make (a person) king.
   • 1982, South Atlantic Modern Language Association, South Atlantic Review, Volume 47, page 16,

     The kinging of Macbeth is the business of the first part of the play […] .

   • 2008, William Shakespeare, A. R. Braunmuller (editor), Macbeth, Introduction, page 24,

     One narrative is the kinging and unkinging of Macbeth; the other narrative is the attack on Banquo's line and that line's eventual accession and supposed Jacobean survival through Malcolm's successful counter-attack on Macbeth.

2. To rule over as king.
   • c. 1599, William Shakespeare, The Life of Henry the Fifth, Act 2, Scene 4,

     And let us do it with no show of fear; / No, with no more than if we heard that England / Were busied with a Whitsun morris-dance; / For, my good liege, she is so idly king’d, / Her sceptre so fantastically borne / By a vain, giddy, shallow, humorous youth, / That fear attends her not.

3. To perform the duties of a king.
   • 1918, Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen, The Railroad Trainman, Volume 35, page 675,

     He had to do all his kinging after supper, which left him no time for roystering with the nobility and certain others.

   • 2001, Chip R. Bell, Managers as Mentors: Building Partnerships for Learning, page 6,

     Second, Mentor (the old man) combined the wisdom of experience with the sensitivity of a fawn in his attempts to convey kinging skills to young Telemachus.

4. To assume or pretend preeminence (over); to lord it over.
   • 1917, Edna Ferber, Fanny Herself, page 32,

     The seating arrangement of the temple was the Almanach de Gotha of Congregation Emanu-el. Old Ben Reitman, patriarch among the Jewish settlers of Winnebago, who had come over an immigrant youth, and who now owned hundreds of rich farm acres, besides houses, mills and banks, kinged it from the front seat of the center section.

5. To promote a piece of draughts/checkers that has traversed the board to the opposite side, that piece subsequently being permitted to move backwards as well as forwards.
   • 1957, Bertram Vivian Bowden (editor), Faster Than Thought: A Symposium on Digital Computing Machines, page 302,

     If the machine does this, it will lose only one point, and as it is not looking far enough ahead, it cannot see that it has not prevented its opponent from kinging but only postponed the evil day.

   • 1986, Rick DeMarinis, The Burning Women of Far Cry, page 100,

     I was about to make a move that would corner a piece that she was trying to get kinged, but I slid my checker back […] .

6. To dress and perform as a drag king.
   • 2008, Audrey Yue, King Victoria: Asian Drag Kings, Postcolonial Female Masculinity, and Hybrid Sexuality in Australia, in Fran Martin, Peter Jackson, Audrey Yue, Mark McLelland (editors), AsiaPacifQueer: Rethinking Genders and Sexualities, page 266,

     Through the ex-centric diaspora, kinging in postcolonial Australia has become a site of critical hybridity where diasporic female masculinities have emerged through the contestations of "home" and "host" cultures.

Translations

Etymology 2

Noun

king (plural kings)

1. Alternative form of qing (Chinese musical instrument)

Anagrams

• gink

Estonian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *kenkä. Cognate with Finnish kenkä.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?kin??/

Noun

king (genitive kinga, partitive kinga)

1. shoe

Declension

Quotations

Kapampangan

Alternative forms

• keng
• qng, queng, quing (Spanish variant)

Preposition

king

1. indirect object marker; of, to, at, on, in, into, onto, among, around, for

Manx

Noun

king m

1. inflection of kione:
   1. genitive singular
   2. nominative plural

Mutation

Middle English

Alternative forms

• kenin, kening, kinig (in compounds, toponymic)
• gug, kug (in compounds, influenced by Old Norse (see etymology))
• knyng (transmission error)
• chinge, chin?, cing, cining, cin?, ging, keing, keng, kingk, kingue, kining, kink, kyng

Etymology

Inherited from the Old English cyning. The forms kug (attested in the compounds kugdom, kuglond, and kugriche) and gug (attested in the compound guglond) show the influence of the Old Norse konungr, whence they borrow their root vowel. The early forms featuring syncope (chinge, chin?, cing, and cin?) may have long ?.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kin?/, [ki??]

Noun

king (nominative plural kinges, also the early forms kingas or kingæs)

1. king

Derived terms

• Kinges (Bible)
• kinges of Coloin
• king of kinges
• Kingpleie

Descendants

• English: king (see there for further descendants)
• Scots: keeng, king

References

• “king (n.)” in the Middle English Dictionary (1954–2001)

Tok Pisin

Etymology

From English king.

Noun

king

1. king

English

Etymology

From Middle English baroun, in turn borrowed from Old French baron, Medieval Latin bar? (not to be confused with classical b?r? (“simpleton”)), possibly from Frankish *bar? (“servant, man, warrior”), perhaps from *barô (“carrier”), from Proto-Indo-European *b?er- (“to bear”). Possibly cognate with Old English beorn (“man, warrior”). Used in early Germanic law in the sense of hom? (“man, human being”).

A Celtic origin has also been suggested, due to the occurrence of a Latin barones (“servos militum”) as early as the first century (Cornutus, On Persius' Fifth Satire). OED takes this hypothetical Proto-Celtic *bar- (“hero”) to be a figment.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?bæ??n/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /?b???n/
• Rhymes: -æ??n
• Homophone: barren

Noun

baron (plural barons, feminine baroness)

1. The male ruler of a barony.
2. A male member of the lowest rank of English nobility (the equivalent rank in Scotland is lord).

   Coordinate terms: don, duke, earl, lord, prince, baronet

3. (by extension) A person of great power in society, especially in business and politics.

   Synonyms: magnate, tycoon; see also Thesaurus:important person
4. (Britain, prison slang) A prisoner who gains power and influence by lending or selling tobacco.
   • 1960, Hugh J. Klare, Anatomy of Prison (page 33)

     The first thing a baron does is to accumulate a supply of tobacco. He spends every penny he can earn on laying it in […]

   • 1961, Peter Baker, Time out of life (page 51)

     Nevertheless, from my own agonies of the first few months, after which I did not miss smoking at all, I could appreciate the need of others. It was in this atmosphere of craving that the 'barons' thrived. Barons are prisoners who lend tobacco.

   • 1980, Leonard Michaels, Christopher Ricks, The State of the Language (page 525)

     In British prisons tobacco still remains the gold standard which is made to back every transaction and promise. The official allowance is barely sufficient for individual smoking needs, but tobacco may expensively be borrowed or bought from a baron, possibly through his runner.

5. A baron of beef, a cut made up of a double sirloin.
   • 1851, Herman Melville, Moby-Dick, chapter 34

     Such portentous appetites had Queequeg and Tashtego, that to fill out the vacancies made by the previous repast, often the pale Dough-Boy was fain to bring on a great baron of salt-junk, seemingly quarried out of the solid ox.

6. Any of various nymphalid butterflies of the genus Euthalia.
7. (law, obsolete) A husband.

   Coordinate term: wife

Derived terms

Related terms

• baroness
• baronial
• baronetcy

Translations

References

• "baron n.", Oxford English Dictionary, Second edition, 1989; first published in New English Dictionary, 1885.

Anagrams

• Abron, Barno, Bonar, Borna, NORBA, Nabor, Orban, Rabon, aborn, bonar

Dutch

Etymology

Readjustment from earlier baroen through French influence, from Middle Dutch baroen, from Old French baron, from Frankish *bar?.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ba??r?n/
• Hyphenation: ba?ron
• Rhymes: -?n

Noun

baron m (plural baronnen, diminutive baronnetje n, feminine barones)

1. baron

Derived terms

• barones
• oliebaron

Esperanto

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?baron/
• Hyphenation: ba?ron
• Rhymes: -aron

Noun

baron

1. accusative singular of baro

French

Etymology

From Middle French baron, from Old French baron, from or corresponding to Late Latin or Medieval Latin bar?, bar?nem, possibly from Frankish *baro (“freeman”) or of other Germanic origin; alternatively, of ultimately Celtic origin.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ba.???/
• Rhymes: -??

Noun

baron m (plural barons)

1. (dated) baron, lord, noble landowner

Further reading

• “baron” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Anagrams

• borna

Javanese

Etymology 1

baru +? -an

Noun

baron (krama-ngoko baron)

1. young plant, especially coffee

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Dutch baron (“baron”).

Noun

baron (krama-ngoko baron)

1. a title for European noblemen

References

• "baron" in W. J. S. Poerwadarminta, Bausastra Jawa. J. B. Wolters' Uitgevers-Maatschappij N. V. Groningen, Batavia, 1939

Middle French

Etymology

From Old French baron.

Noun

baron m (plural barons)

1. baron (nobleman)

Descendants

• French: baron

Norman

Noun

baron m (plural barons)

1. Alternative form of bâron

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Old Norse barrún, Old French baron and Old High German baro

Noun

baron m (definite singular baronen, indefinite plural baroner, definite plural baronene)

1. a baron

Related terms

• baronesse

References

• “baron” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Old Norse barrún, Old French baron and Old High German baro

Noun

baron m (definite singular baronen, indefinite plural baronar, definite plural baronane)

1. a baron

Related terms

• baronesse

References

• “baron” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old Dutch

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *baz?n?

Verb

baron

1. to reveal, to make public

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Descendants

• Middle Dutch: b?ren
  • Dutch: baren

Further reading

• “baron”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012

Old French

Alternative forms

• baroun, barun, ber

Etymology

From or corresponding to Medieval Latin b?r?, possibly from Frankish *bar? (“freeman”) or of other Germanic origin; alternatively, ultimately of Celtic origin. The nominative form ber corresponds to the nominative bar?.

Noun

baron m (oblique plural barons, nominative singular ber, nominative plural baron)

1. lord, baron (title of nobility)
2. (by extension) husband

Synonyms

• (husband): seignor, mari

Descendants

• Middle French: barom
  • French: baron (historical)
    • Haitian Creole: baron
    • ? German: Baron (see there for further descendants)
• Norman: bâron
• Picard: barôn
• Walloon: baron
• ? Middle Armenian: ????? (paron)
  • Armenian: ????? (paron)
• ? Middle English: baroun, baron, barun, barone, baroon, beron
  • English: baron
  • Scots: baron
• ? Middle Dutch: baroen
  • Dutch: baron (readjustment)
• ? Middle High German: bar?n
• ? Middle Irish: barún
  • Irish: barún

Polish

Etymology

From French baron, from Middle French baron, from Old French baron, from or corresponding to Late Latin or Medieval Latin bar?, bar?nem.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?ba.r?n/

Noun

baron m pers (feminine baronowa)

1. baron, lord

Declension

Further reading

• baron in Wielki s?ownik j?zyka polskiego, Instytut J?zyka Polskiego PAN
• baron in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Romanian

Etymology

From French baron.

Noun

baron m (plural baroni)

1. baron

Declension

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From Old French baron

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /b?ro?n/
• Hyphenation: ba?ron

Noun

bàr?n m (Cyrillic spelling ???????)

1. baron (title of nobility)

Swedish

Etymology

From Old French baron

Pronunciation

Noun

baron c (feminine: baronessa)

1. a baron, a ruler of a barony

Declension

Anagrams

• banor, bonar, borna, nabor