different between kara vs ban

English

Etymology

From Punjabi ??? (ka??); see Hindi ???? (ka??, “bracelet”).

Noun

kara (plural karas)

1. (Sikhism) A bangle worn by Sikhs, one of the five Ks, to remind them to do God's work.

Anagrams

• arak, rak'a

Balinese

Romanization

kara

1. Romanization of ??
2. Romanization of ???

Basque

Noun

kara

1. allative singular of ka

Cornish

Etymology

From Proto-Brythonic *kar?d. Cognate with Breton karout and Welsh caru.

Verb

kara (irregular)

1. to love

Conjugation

Mutation

Esperanto

Etymology

From Italian caro.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?kara/
• Hyphenation: ka?ra
• Rhymes: -ara
• Audio:

Adjective

kara (accusative singular karan, plural karaj, accusative plural karajn)

1. dear

Derived terms

Finnish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?k?r?/, [?k?r?]
• Rhymes: -?r?
• Syllabification: ka?ra

Etymology 1

From Proto-Finnic *kara.

Noun

kara

1. a dried branch, rib of a leaf or other similar dried part of a plant

   Synonym: karahka

2. core (uneaten part of an apple or similar fruit)
3. core of a pirn (in a weaving shuttle)
4. (machining) spindle
5. core (in injection molding)
6. spindle (of a door or window handle, etc.)
7. pin (a piece of wood, partly inserted inside the wall, that supports the frame of a window or door)
8. valve stem

Declension

Derived terms

• omenankara

Etymology 2

Onomatopoeic.

Noun

kara

1. Synonym of koskikara (“bird of the genus Cinclus”)

Declension

Etymology 3

Clipping of karamboli.

Noun

kara

1. carom billiards, carambole

Declension

Anagrams

• arka

Gothic

Romanization

kara

1. Romanization of ????????????????

Hungarian

Etymology

From kar +? -a (possessive suffix).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?k?r?]
• Hyphenation: ka?ra

Noun

kara

1. third-person singular single-possession possessive of kar (“faculty; ensemble”)

Usage notes

For the possessive of kar in the sense “arm, lever”, see karja.

Declension

Ido

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?kara/

Adjective

kara

1. dear

Japanese

Romanization

kara

1. R?maji transcription of ??

Jingpho

Noun

kara

1. hair

Karaim

Adjective

kara

1. black

References

• dnathan.com

Karao

Noun

kara

1. purpose; motive; intention

Latvian

Noun

kara m

1. genitive singular form of karš

Lower Sorbian

Etymology

Borrowed from Middle High German karre, ultimately from Latin carrus, from Gaulish karros, from Proto-Celtic *karros (“wagon”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?kara/

Noun

kara f (diminutive karka)

1. cart, wagon

Declension

References

• Lower Sorbian vocabulary. In: Haspelmath, M. & Tadmor, U. (eds.) World Loanword Database. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.

Mapudungun

Noun

kara (using Raguileo Alphabet)

1. city

   Synonym: waria

References

• Wixaleyiñ: Mapucezugun-wigkazugun pici hemvlcijka (Wixaleyiñ: Small Mapudungun-Spanish dictionary), Beretta, Marta; Cañumil, Dario; Cañumil, Tulio, 2008.

Nias

Noun

kara (mutated form gara)

1. stone

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?k??r?/

Noun

kara n

1. definite plural of kar

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /²k?(?)r?/

Noun

kara m

1. (non-standard since 1983) definite plural of kar

Norwegian Nynorsk

Noun

kara n

1. definite plural of kar

Old Saxon

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *karu. Cognate with Old English caru, Old High German chara (“grief”), Old Norse k?r (“sickbed”), Gothic ???????????????? (kara).

Noun

kara f

1. grief, sorrow
2. anxiety

Declension

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Oroqen

Adjective

kara

1. dark

References

• Whaley, Lindsay & Li, Fengxiang. (1998). The Suffix -Kan in Oroqen. Studies in Language. 22. 447-471. 10.1075/sl.22.2.06wha.

Polish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?ka.ra/

Etymology 1

From Proto-Slavic *kara.

Noun

kara f

1. punishment
2. penalty, fine

Declension

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the main entry.

Noun

kara

1. inflection of karo:
   1. genitive singular
   2. nominative/accusative/vocative plural

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the main entry.

Adjective

kara

1. feminine nominative/vocative singular of kary

Further reading

• kara in Wielki s?ownik j?zyka polskiego, Instytut J?zyka Polskiego PAN
• kara in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Rapa Nui

Noun

kara

1. wing

Turkish

Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish ???? (kara), from Proto-Turkic *kara (“dark, black”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /k????/

Adjective

kara (comparative daha kara, superlative en kara)

1. black, dark

   Synonym: siyah

   Antonyms: ak, beyaz

2. brunette
3. dark skinned
4. (figuratively) evil, wicked, villainous
5. (figuratively, archaic) courageous

Declension

Descendants

• ? Adyghe: ????? (q?r?)

Noun

kara (definite accusative karay?, plural karalar)

1. black

   Synonym: siyah

   Antonym: ak

2. land, field

   Antonym: deniz

3. (archaic) north

Declension

Coordinate terms

• (compass points)

See also

Veps

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

kara

1. bay, inlet

Inflection

References

• Zajceva, N. G.; Mullonen, M. I. (2007) , “?????”, in Uz’ venä-vepsläine vajehnik / Novyj russko-vepsskij slovar? [New Russian–Veps Dictionary], Petrozavodsk: Periodika

Wanyi

Noun

kara

1. country
2. stone

References

• Mary Laughren, Rob Pensalfini, Tom Mylne, Accounting for verb-initial order in an Australian language, in Verb First: On the syntax of verb-initial languages (2005)

English

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation, General American) IPA^(key): /bæn/
• (æ-tensing) IPA^(key): [b??n], [be?n]
• Rhymes: -æn

Etymology 1

From Middle English bannen (“to summon; to bannish; to curse”), partly from Old English bannan (“to summon, command, proclaim, call out”) and partly from Old Norse banna (“to prohibit; to curse”), both from Proto-Germanic *bannan? (“to proclaim, to order; to summon; to ban; to curse, forbid”), from Proto-Indo-European *b?h?-new-ti ~ b?h?-n?w-énti, innovative nasal-infixed zero-grade athematic present of *b?eh?- (“to say”).

Cognate with Dutch bannen (“to ban, exile, discard”), German bannen (“to exile, to exorcise, captivate, excommunicate”), Swedish banna (“to ban, scold”), Vedic Sanskrit ???? (bhánati), Armenian ??? (ban) and perhaps Albanian banoj (“to reside, dwell”). See also banal, abandon.

Verb

ban (third-person singular simple present bans, present participle banning, simple past and past participle banned)

1. (transitive, obsolete) To summon; to call out.
2. (transitive) To anathematize; to pronounce an ecclesiastical curse upon; to place under a ban.
3. (transitive) To curse; to execrate.
   • (Can we find and add a quotation of Spenser to this entry?)
4. (transitive) To prohibit; to interdict; to proscribe; to forbid or block from participation.
   • 1816, Lord Byron, The Prisoner of Chillon

     To whom the goodly earth and air Are banned

5. (transitive, intransitive) To curse; to utter curses or maledictions.
   • {RQ:Scott Waverley|passage=:“I seldom ban, sir,” said he to the man; “but if you play any of your hound's-foot tricks, and leave puir Berwick before he's sorted, to rin after spuilzie, deil be wi' me if I do not give your craig a thraw”

Synonyms

• forbid
• prohibit
• disallow

Derived terms

• forban

Translations

Noun

ban (plural bans)

1. Prohibition.
2. A public proclamation or edict; a summons by public proclamation. Chiefly, in early use, a summons to arms.

   Bans is common and ordinary amongst the Feudists, and signifies a proclamation, or any public notice.

3. The gathering of the (French) king's vassals for war; the whole body of vassals so assembled, or liable to be summoned; originally, the same as arrière-ban: in the 16th c., French usage created a distinction between ban and arrière-ban, for which see the latter word.

   He has sent abroad to assemble his ban and arriere ban.

   The Ban and the Arrierban are met armed in the field to choose a king.

   France was at such a Pinch..that they call'd their Ban and Arriere Ban, the assembling whereof had been long discussed, and in a manner antiquated.

   The ban was sometimes convoked, that is, the possessors of the fiefs were called upon for military services.

   The act of calling together the vassals in armed array, was entitled ‘convoking the ban.

4. (obsolete) A curse or anathema.
5. A pecuniary mulct or penalty laid upon a delinquent for offending against a ban, such as a mulct paid to a bishop by one guilty of sacrilege or other crimes.

Related terms

• black ban
• total fire ban

Translations

See also

• banns

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Romanian ban of uncertain origin, perhaps from Serbo-Croatian bân.

Noun

ban (plural bani)

1. A subdivision of currency, equal to one hundredth of a Romanian leu.
2. A subdivision of currency, equal to one hundredth of a Moldovan leu.

Translations

Etymology 3

From Banburismus; coined by Alan Turing.

Noun

ban (plural bans)

1. A unit measuring information or entropy based on base-ten logarithms, rather than the base-two logarithms that define the bit.

Synonyms

• dit, hartley

Derived terms

• deciban

See also

• bit, nat, qubit

Etymology 4

From South Slavic (compare Serbo-Croatian b?n), from Proto-Slavic *ban?; see there for more.

Noun

ban (plural bans)

1. A title used in several states in central and south-eastern Europe between the 7th century and the 20th century.

Related terms

• banat, banate, Banat

Translations

Anagrams

• -nab, -nab-, ABN, BNA, NAB, NBA, nab, nab-

Bambara

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [bã?]

Verb

ban

1. to finish

References

• 2007. The UCLA Phonetics Lab Archive. Los Angeles, CA: UCLA Department of Linguistics.

Catalan

Pronunciation

• (Balearic, Central, Valencian) IPA^(key): /?ban/

Etymology 1

Noun

ban m (plural bans)

1. ban (a public proclamation or edict)

Derived terms

• bandejar

Etymology 2

Noun

ban m (plural bans)

1. ban (a title used in several states in central and south-eastern Europe between the 7th century and the 20th century)

Derived terms

• banat

Further reading

• “ban” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “ban” in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana.
• “ban” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “ban” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Chibcha

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?an/

Noun

ban

1. shame, sorrow, outrage

References

• Gómez Aldana D. F., Análisis morfológico del Vocabulario 158 de la Biblioteca Nacional de Colombia. Grupo de Investigación Muysccubun. 2013.
• Quesada Pacheco, Miguel Ángel. 1991. El vocabulario mosco de 1612. En estudios de Lingüística Chibcha. Programa de investigación del departamento de lingüística de la Universidad de Costa Rica. Serie Anual Tomo X San José (Costa Rica). Universidad de Costa Rica.
• Gómez Aldana D. F., Análisis morfológico Gramática de Lugo. Grupo de Investigación Muysccubun. 2013.

Dutch

Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch ban. This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /b?n/
• Hyphenation: ban
• Rhymes: -?n

Noun

ban m (plural bannen)

1. excommunication, denunciation, shunning
2. anathema which is cast upon one who is excommunicated
3. magic spell
4. (historical) legal or feudal domain
5. (historical) public declaration
6. (archaic) exile

Derived terms

• balling
• banneling
• huwelijksban

Related terms

• banaal

Etymology 2

Borrowed from English ban.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /b?n/
• Hyphenation: ban
• Rhymes: -?n
• Homophone: ben

Noun

ban m (plural bans)

1. a revocation of permission to access or participate

   Synonym: toegangsverbod

Usage notes

Mostly common within internet communities.

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the main entry.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /b?n/

Verb

ban

1. first-person singular present indicative of bannen
2. imperative of bannen

Etymology 4

See the etymology of the main entry.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /b?n/

Verb

ban

1. first-person singular present indicative of bannen
2. imperative of bannen

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /b??/
• Homophones: banc, bancs, bans

Etymology 1

From Old French ban, from Frankish *ban.

Noun

ban m (plural bans)

1. (dated) public declaration
2. (dated) announcement of a marriage; banns
3. (East of France, Belgium) territory

Derived terms

• arrière-ban
• en rupture de ban
• mettre au ban

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Serbo-Croatian b?n. See English ban.

Noun

ban m (plural bans)

1. ban (nobleman)

Further reading

• “ban” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Haitian Creole

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

ban

1. give

Synonyms

• ba
• bay

Iberian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ban]

Numeral

ban

1. A particle interpreted as the numeral 'one' by Eduardo Orduña and Joan Ferrer, and compared to Basque bat (“one”).

Further reading

• Eduardo Orduña [Aznar], Los numerales ibéricos y el protovasco
• Joan Ferrer i Jané, El sistema de numerales ibérico: avances en su conocimiento

Indonesian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Etymology 1–2) [?ban], (Etymology 3) [?b?n]
• Hyphenation: ban

Etymology 1

• From Dutch band, from Middle Dutch bant.
• The sense “band” is a semantic loan from English band.

Noun

ban (first-person possessive banku, second-person possessive banmu, third-person possessive bannya)

1. tyre/tire
2. tape

   Synonym: pita

3. belt

   Synonym: sabuk

4. (physics) band, a part of the electromagnetic spectrum.

   Synonym: pita

Derived terms

Related terms

Etymology 2

From Dutch baan.

Noun

ban (first-person possessive banku, second-person possessive banmu, third-person possessive bannya)

1. a road, way, path
2. a track, lane
3. (sports, ball games) court, field (place for playing sports or games, in particular non-team ball games)

Etymology 3

From English ban.

Noun

ban

1. (Internet slang) a ban

Verb

ban

1. (Internet slang) to ban

   Synonym: blokir

Further reading

• “ban” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) Daring, Jakarta: Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 2016.

Irish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ban]

Noun

ban f pl

1. genitive plural of bean

Mutation

References

• "ban" in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.

Japanese

Romanization

ban

1. R?maji transcription of ??
2. R?maji transcription of ??

Maguindanao

Noun

ban

1. sneeze

Mandarin

Romanization

ban

1. Nonstandard spelling of b?n.
2. Nonstandard spelling of b?n.
3. Nonstandard spelling of bàn.

Usage notes

• English transcriptions of Mandarin speech often fail to distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without the appropriate indication of tone.

Mapudungun

Noun

ban (using Raguileo Alphabet)

1. death

Verb

ban (using Raguileo Alphabet)

1. To die.
2. first-person singular realis form of ban; I died; I have died.

Conjugation

References

• Wixaleyiñ: Mapucezugun-wigkazugun pici hemvlcijka (Wixaleyiñ: Small Mapudungun-Spanish dictionary), Beretta, Marta; Cañumil, Dario; Cañumil, Tulio, 2008.

Maranao

Verb

ban

1. to sneeze

Middle English

Etymology 1

From Old English bana.

Noun

ban

1. Alternative form of bane

Etymology 2

From Old English b?n.

Noun

ban

1. Alternative form of bon

Min Nan

Northern Kurdish

Etymology

Related to Persian ???? (bâm).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /b??n/

Noun

ban ?

1. roof

Norwegian Bokmål

Verb

ban

1. imperative of bane (Etymology 3)

O'odham

Etymology

Cognate with Southeastern Tepehuan bhan, Northern Tepehuan bánai.

Noun

ban (plural ba?ban)

1. coyote

Old English

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *bain, Proto-Germanic *bain?.

Cognate with Old Frisian b?n (West Frisian bien), Old Saxon b?n (Low German been, bein), Dutch been (“bone, leg”), Old High German bein (German Bein (“leg”)), Old Norse bein (Icelandic bein (“bone”)).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /b??n/

Noun

b?n n (nominative plural b?n)

1. bone

Declension

Derived terms

• b?nl?as
• hry??b?n
• s?inb?n

Descendants

• Middle English: bon, ban, bone, bane, boon
  • English: bone
  • Geordie English: byen
  • Scots: bane, bean, bain
  • Yola: bane

Old Irish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ban/

Noun

ban

1. genitive dual/plural of ben

Verb

ban

1. first-person plural imperative of is

Alternative forms

• baán

Mutation

Phalura

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ban/

Adjective

ban (invariable, Perso-Arabic spelling ??)

1. closed
2. blocked, stopped

Alternative forms

• band

References

• Liljegren, Henrik; Haider, Naseem (2011) Palula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)?^[1], Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives, ?ISBN

Polish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ban/

Etymology 1

From Romanian ban.

Noun

ban m anim

1. ban (a subdivision of currency)

Declension

Etymology 2

From English ban, from Middle English bannen (“to summon; to bannish; to curse”), partly from Old English bannan (“to summon, command, proclaim, call out”) and partly from Old Norse banna (“to prohibit; to curse”), both from Proto-Germanic *bannan? (“to proclaim, to order; to summon; to ban; to curse, forbid”), from Proto-Indo-European *b?h?-new-ti ~ b?h?-n?w-énti, innovative nasal-infixed zero-grade athematic present of *b?eh?- (“to say”).

Noun

ban m anim

1. ban (on the Internet)

Declension

Derived terms

• banowa?

Etymology 3

From Serbo-Croatian ban, from Late Proto-Slavic *ban?, from Turkic.

Noun

ban m pers

1. ban (title)

Declension

Further reading

• ban in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Romanian

Etymology

Unknown. Perhaps from Medieval Latin *bannus (“communication”), perhaps through a German intermediate. Other theories derive the word from Proto-Slavic *ban? (“master, lord”) (via Serbo-Croatian or Hungarian). Ultimate Mongolian origin (???? (bayan, “rich lord; plutocrat”)) has also been proposed.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ban/

Noun

ban m (plural bani)

1. money; coin

Usage notes

Usually used in the plural form, bani

Declension

See also

• bancnot? (“paper money, bank note”)
• moned?

References

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From Late Proto-Slavic *ban?.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bâ?n/
• Rhymes: -â?n

Noun

b?n m (Cyrillic spelling ????)

1. ban (title)

Declension

Vietnamese

Pronunciation

• (Hà N?i) IPA^(key): [??a?n??]
• (Hu?) IPA^(key): [??a????]
• (H? Chí Minh City) IPA^(key): [??a????]

Etymology 1

Sino-Vietnamese word from ?.

Noun

ban

1. (historical) branch of administration in the feudal court (of which there are two types: the civil administrators and the martial office holders)
2. group (of people doing the same work); band; board; squad; committee
3. shift; work period
4. (only in compounds) time period; section of the day

   Synonym: bu?i

5. (dated) (college-level) subject; (academic) department

Etymology 2

Noun

(classifier cây, hoa) ban

1. orchid tree (Bauhinia variegata)

Etymology 3

Sino-Vietnamese word from ?.

Noun

ban

1. (medicine) rash

Etymology 4

Noun

ban

1. (Central Vietnam) ball

Etymology 5

Noun

ban

1. (colloquial) Alternative form of pan

Etymology 6

Sino-Vietnamese word from ?.

Verb

ban

1. (archaic) to confer on; to bestow
2. (archaic) to announce; to herald; to proclaim

Volapük

Etymology

Borrowed from French bain.

Noun

ban (nominative plural bans)

1. bath

Declension

Derived terms

• banön

Welsh

Etymology

From Middle Welsh bann, from Proto-Brythonic *bann, from Proto-Celtic *band?.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ban/

Noun

ban m (plural bannau or bannoedd)

1. peak

Derived terms

• Pen y Fan
• Bannau Brycheiniog (“Brecon Beacons”)

Mutation

Further reading

• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present) , “ban”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

Yagara

Adjective

ban

1. dirty
2. nasty
3. very angry

References

• State Library of Queensland, ABORIGINAL LANGUAGES OF THE GREATER BRISBANE AREA, 16 March 2015.

Zazaki

Noun

ban

1. dome, cupola
2. room

Zou

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ban??/

Noun

bàn

1. arm

References

• Lukram Himmat Singh (2013) A Descriptive Grammar of Zou, Canchipur: Manipur University, page 41