different between kali vs kuli

English

Etymology 1

Arabic ?????? (qily). See alkali.

Noun

kali (uncountable)

1. The prickly glasswort (Kali turgida, formerly Salsola kali).
   • 1765, Temple H. Croker, Thomas Williams, Samuel Clarke, The Complete Dictionary of Arts and Sciences: Volume 2

     But the kali is principally regarded, on account of its yielding copiously, when burnt, the fixed alkaline salt called soda […]

2. Alkali, particularly soda ash or potash.

Etymology 2

Uncertain; see arnis#Name at Wikipedia for more.

Noun

kali (uncountable)

1. Traditional Philippine stick fighting, a martial art.

   Synonyms: arnis, eskrima

Etymology 3

Uncertain; possibly a reference to the appearance of soda ash produced by burning kali (Etymology 1).

Noun

kali (uncountable)

1. A type of British crystalline sweet or candy, similar in appearance to sherbet but made with larger sugar crystals.

Anagrams

• Kail, Laki, Lika, ilka, kail, kila, laik

Anguthimri

Noun

kali

1. (Mpakwithi) hole

References

• Terry Crowley, The Mpakwithi dialect of Anguthimri (1981), page 186

Betawi

Noun

kali

1. river

Central Huasteca Nahuatl

Pronunciation

Noun

kali

1. building, house.

Dupaningan Agta

Noun

kali

1. kind of large bird

Estonian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *kalja. Possibly a pre-Balto-Slavic Indo-European loan, from Proto-Indo-European *h?al-ew-yo-.

Noun

kali (genitive kalja, partitive kalja)

1. kvass

Declension

Finnish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?k?li/, [?k?li]
• Rhymes: -?li
• Syllabification: ka?li

Noun

kali

1. potassium
2. potassium oxide

Declension

Anagrams

• laki, lika

Ilocano

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kali, from Proto-Austronesian *kalih.

Verb

kali (used in the form ikali)

1. to dig (to move hard-packed earth out of the way)

Indonesian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ka.li/

Etymology 1

From Malay kali.

Noun

kali (first-person possessive kaliku, second-person possessive kalimu, third-person possessive kalinya)

1. times

   Aku pergi ke sana dua kali sebulan.

   • I go there twice a month.

Preposition

kali

1. (mathematics) times

Usage notes

When multiplication is not commutative, dikali may be preferred. Otherwise, kali and dikali are interchangable.

Etymology 2

From Javanese kali.

Noun

kali (first-person possessive kaliku, second-person possessive kalimu, third-person possessive kalinya)

1. river

   Synonym: sungai

Etymology 3

From a particular dialect of Malay. clipping of sekali.

Adverb

kali

1. (Medan, slang) very

   Synonyms: amat, banget, sangat, sungguh

Etymology 4

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

kali

1. catfish

   Synonym: lele

Etymology 5

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

kali

1. high official in South Sulawesi

Further reading

• “kali” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) Daring, Jakarta: Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 2016.

Javanese

Alternative forms

• Carakan: ???

Noun

kali (ngoko kali, krama lèpèn)

1. river

   Hyponyms: bangawan, kalèn

References

• "kali" in Tim Balai Bahasa Yogyakarta, Kamus Basa Jawa (Bausastra Jawa). Kanisius, Yogyakarta

Latvian

Verb

kali

1. 2nd person singular past indicative form of kalt

Malay

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kali/
• Rhymes: -ali, -li, -i

Etymology 1

From Proto-Malayic *kali, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kali, from Proto-Austronesian *kalih.

Alternative forms

• gali

Verb

kali (used in the form mengali)

1. Obsolete form of gali.

Synonyms

• korek

Etymology 2

Noun

kali (Jawi spelling ?????, plural kali-kali, informal 1st possessive kaliku, impolite 2nd possessive kalimu, 3rd possessive kalinya)

1. river (large stream which drains a landmass)

Synonyms

• alir
• alur
• batang
• bengawan
• ci
• sungai
• wai

Etymology 3

Noun

kali

1. times

Verb

kali

1. to times, to multiply

Further reading

• “kali” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

Mauritian Creole

Etymology

From Tamil ????? (ka??i)

Noun

kali

1. cactus

Ngiyambaa

Noun

kali

1. (Waangaybuwan) water
   • 2001, Mood and Modality ?ISBN:

     ?ali?-?inda-?ila ?iyanu balu-y-a?a

     water-CARIT-HYPOTH we+PL+NOM die-CM-IRR

     we'll probably die for lack of water

Alternative forms

• gali (Wayilwan)

Further reading

• Barry Alpher, Proto-Pama-Nyungan etyma, in Claire Bowern, Harold James Koch, Australian Languages: Classification and the Comparative Method (2004, ?ISBN

Romani

Adjective

kali

1. feminine singular of kalo

Serbo-Croatian

Verb

kali (Cyrillic spelling ????)

1. inflection of káliti:
   1. third-person singular present
   2. second-person singular imperative

Noun

kali (Cyrillic spelling ????)

1. nominative/vocative plural of kal

Sundanese

Verb

kali

1. to dig

Swahili

Pronunciation

Adjective

-kali (declinable)

1. sharp
2. fierce
3. acidic
4. harsh, cruel
5. savage
6. intense

Inflection

Vietnamese

Etymology

Ultimately from New Latin kalium, with the suffix -um removed as with most chemical elements.

Pronunciation

• (Hà N?i) IPA^(key): [ka??? li??]
• (Hu?) IPA^(key): [ka??? l?j??]
• (H? Chí Minh City) IPA^(key): [ka??? l?j??]
• Phonetic: ca li

Noun

kali

1. potassium

English

Noun

kuli (plural kulis)

1. Archaic spelling of coolie.

Aiwoo

Etymology

Probably a Polynesian borrowing.

Noun

kuli

1. dog

References

• Ross, M. & Næss, Å. (2007) , “An Oceanic origin for Äiwoo, the language of the Reef Islands?”, in Oceanic Linguistics, volume 46, issue 2. Cited in: "Äiwoo" in Greenhill, S.J., Blust, R., & Gray, R.D. (2008). The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics. Evolutionary Bioinformatics, 4:271-283.

Atong (India)

Alternative forms

• khuli

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kuli/

Verb

kuli- (Bengali script ????)

1. to open

References

• van Breugel, Seino. 2015. Atong-English dictionary, second edition. Available online: https://www.academia.edu/487044/Atong_English_Dictionary.

Czech

Noun

kuli m

1. coolie (unskilled Asian worker)

Declension

Drehu

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kuli/

Noun

kuli

1. dog

References

• Tyron, D.T., Hackman, B. (1983) Solomon Islands languages: An internal classification. Cited in: "Dehu" in Greenhill, S.J., Blust, R., & Gray, R.D. (2008). The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics. Evolutionary Bioinformatics, 4:271-283.
• Leenhardt, M. (1946) Langues et dialectes de l'Austro-Mèlanèsie. Cited in: "?De’u" in Greenhill, S.J., Blust, R., & Gray, R.D. (2008). The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics. Evolutionary Bioinformatics, 4:271-283.

Fijian

Etymology

From Proto-Central-Pacific *kuli, from Proto-Oceanic *kulit, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kulit, from Proto-Austronesian *qaNiC.

Noun

kuli

1. skin (outer covering of the body of a person)

Finnish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?kuli/, [?kuli]
• Rhymes: -uli
• Syllabification: ku?li

Etymology 1

From Russian ???? (kul?).

Noun

kuli

1. (historical) an old Russian unit of weight, used for grain and equal to 9 poods or around 147.42 kilograms

   Synonyms: matto, jauhomatto

Declension

Etymology 2

From Hindi ????? (qul?), Urdu ????.

Noun

kuli

1. coolie

Declension

Anagrams

• ilku, kilu, luki

Hawaiian

Etymology 1

From Proto-Polynesian *tuli, from Proto-Oceanic *tuli, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuli, from Proto-Austronesian *Culi.

Verb

kuli

1. (stative) to be deaf (not hearing)

Etymology 2

From Proto-Polynesian *turi, from Proto-Central Pacific *tur-i, from Proto-Oceanic *tur, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuhud, from Proto-Austronesian *tuduS.

Noun

kuli

1. knee

References

• “kuli” in the Hawaiian Dictionary, Revised and Enlarged Edition, University of Hawaii Press, 1986

Hungarian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?kuli]
• Hyphenation: ku?li
• Rhymes: -li

Noun

kuli (plural kulik)

1. coolie

Declension

Derived terms

• kulizik

Indonesian

Etymology

From Malay kuli, from Hindi ????? (qul?), from Chagatai [Term?], ultimately from Proto-Turkic *k?le (“slave, servant”).

Other forms occur in Bengali [script needed] (kuli) and Tamil ???? (k?li, “daily hire”), which are possibly also influenced by Hindi ???? (kol?, “weaver; low-class”). The Chinese word ?? (k?lì), meaning "to exert one's abilities; heavy labour work" in Classical Chinese, may have been influenced by cognates of the above Hindi word in other languages and may have further influenced English.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?ku.li]
• Hyphenation: ku?li

Noun

kuli (first-person possessive kuliku, second-person possessive kulimu, third-person possessive kulinya)

1. laborer; coolie

   Synonyms: pekerja kasar, buruh kasar

Derived terms

Further reading

• “kuli” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) Daring, Jakarta: Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 2016.

Lindu

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kulit, from Proto-Austronesian *kuliC.

Noun

kuli

1. (anatomy) skin

Ngarrindjeri

Noun

kuli

1. head

Polish

Alternative forms

• (genitive plural of kula) kul

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?ku.l?i/

Verb

kuli

1. third-person plural virile past of ku?

Noun

kuli f

1. inflection of kula:
   1. genitive/dative/locative singular
   2. genitive plural

Slovak

Etymology

From Hindi ????? (qul?) / Urdu ???? (qul?, “hired laborer, slave”), from Turkish köle. Other forms occur in Bengali kuli and Tamil kuli, "daily hire." The Mandarin word ?? (k?lì), was originally a transcription of the Hindi, and literally means "bitterly hard (use of) strength".

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?kuli/
• Hyphenation: ku?li

Noun

kuli m (genitive singular kuliho, nominative plural kuliovia, genitive plural kuliov, declension pattern of kuli)

1. coolie

Declension

Further reading

• kuli in Slovak dictionaries at slovnik.juls.savba.sk

Wolio

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kulit, from Proto-Austronesian *kuliC.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kuli/

Noun

kuli

1. skin

References

• Anceaux, Johannes C. 1987. Wolio Dictionary (Wolio-English-Indonesian) / Kamus Bahasa Wolio (Wolio-Inggeris-Indonesia). Dordrecht: Foris.