different between kalends vs calends

English

Noun

kalends pl (plural only)

1. Alternative spelling of calends

Alternative forms

• Kal.
• Kalends

Anagrams

• Kandels

English

Etymology

From Middle English calendes, calendas, calendis, kalandes, kalendas, kalendes, kalendez, kalendis, kalendus (also in the singular forms calende, kalend, kalende), from Latin kalend?s, accusative plural of kalendae (“first day of a Roman month”), an archaic variant of calandae, from calandus (“which is to be called or announced solemnly”), the future passive participle of cal? (“to call, announce solemnly”) (referring to the Roman practice of proclaiming the first days of the lunar month upon seeing the first signs of a new crescent moon), from Proto-Indo-European *kelh?- (“to call, cry, summon”). Although the singular form calend (now obsolete, rare) appeared in English (and compare Old English calend, kalendus (“calends; a month”)), no singular form was used in Latin as recurring days of the calendar were always referred to in the plural.

Sense 2 (“a day for settling debts and other accounts”) refers to the Roman practice of fixing the calends as the day for debts to be paid.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?kæl?ndz/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /?kæl?ndz/
• Hyphenation: ca?lends

Noun

calends pl (plural only)

1. Often with initial capital: the first day of a month

   Synonyms: Kal., (rare) first calends

   1. (historical, Ancient Rome) the first day of a month of the Roman calendar.
2. (by extension) A day for settling debts and other accounts.
3. (by extension, biblical, Judaism, obsolete) Synonym of Rosh Hodesh (“the Jewish festival of the new moon, which begins the months of the Hebrew calendar”)
4. (rare) Synonym of calendar; (figuratively) an account, a record.
5. (figuratively, obsolete) The first day of something; a beginning.

Usage notes

English use of the Roman calendrical term always employs the Romans’ inclusive dating, including the calends itself when counting. Thus, the “third day before the calends of January” (a.d. iii Kal. Ian.) is 30 December: two days before 1 January, not three.

English usage also often follows the Latin contraction of the phrasing, which omits the words ante diem. The 30th of December may appear as the “third calends of January” or the “third of the calends of January”. Thus, the “second calends” (pridie kalendas) of a month is the last day of the month before it; the “third calends” (tertia kalendas) is the day before that; and so on. Because Julius Caesar did not want to move the religious holidays set by nones and ides of the months, he inserted all the additional days of his calendar reform in various places before the calends of the months. The Roman leap day was similarly intercalated as a “second sixth calends” on 25 February in order to avoid affecting the existing holidays of that month.

The variant spelling kalends is more common in modern classical scholarship, reflecting the Roman preference for that spelling.

Alternative forms

• Calends
• calend (obsolete, rare)
• kalends

Coordinate terms

• ides
• nones

Derived terms

• calends of exchange
• Greek calends

Related terms

Translations

Noun

calends

1. (obsolete, rare) plural of calend

References

Further reading

• calends on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Anagrams

• candles, slanced