different between jag vs gouge

English

Pronunciation

• enPR: j?g, IPA^(key): /d??æ?/
• Rhymes: -æ?

Etymology 1

The noun is from late Middle English jagge, the verb is from jaggen.

Noun

jag (plural jags)

1. A sharp projection.
   • 1600, Philemon Holland, The Romane Historie

     garments thus beset with long jagges and pursles

   • 1798, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, The Rime of the Ancient Mariner, lines 323-7, [1]

     The thick black cloud was cleft, and still / The Moon was at its side; / Like waters shot from some high crag, / The lightning fell with never a jag, / A river steep and wide.

   • 1909, Arthur Symons, London: A Book of Aspects, self-published, p. 3, [2]

     The especial beauty of London is the Thames, and the Thames is so wonderful because the mist is always changing its shapes and colours, always making its light mysterious, and building palaces of cloud out of mere Parliament Houses with their jags and turrets.

   • 1956, C. S. Lewis, The Last Battle, Collins, 1998, Chapter 16,

     Even if you hadn’t been drowned, you would have been smashed to pieces by the terrible weight of water against the countless jags of rock.

2. A part broken off; a fragment.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Bishop Hacket to this entry?)

   • 1855, Walt Whitman, "Song of Myself" in Leaves of Grass, page 56:

     I depart as air .... I shake my white locks at the runway sun, / I effuse my flesh in eddies and drift it in lacy jags.

3. (botany) A cleft or division.
4. (Scotland) A medical injection, a jab.

Translations

Derived terms

• jagged
• jagger

Verb

jag (third-person singular simple present jags, present participle jagging, simple past and past participle jagged)

1. To cut unevenly.
2. (Pittsburgh) To tease.

Translations

Etymology 2

Circa 1597; originally "load of broom or furze", variant of British English dialectal chag (“tree branch; branch of broom or furze”), from Old English ?eacga (“broom, furze”), from Proto-Germanic *kagô (compare dialectal German Kag (“stump, cabbage, stalk”), Swedish dialect kage (“stumps”), Norwegian dialect kage (“low bush”), of unknown origin.

Noun

jag (plural jags)

1. Enough liquor to make a person noticeably drunk; a skinful.
2. A binge or period of overindulgence; a spree.
   • 1939, Raymond Chandler, The Big Sleep, Penguin 2011, page 88:

     ‘People who spend their money for second-hand sex jags are as nervous as dowagers who can't find the rest-room.’

3. A fit, spell, outburst.
   • 1985, Peter De Vries, The Prick of Noon, Penguin, Chapter 9, p. 165,

     Of course she did not lose her sense of humor (not necessarily to be confused with her laughing fits, which are crying jags turned inside out according to the shrinks).

   • 1997, Don DeLillo, Underworld, Simon & Schuster, 2007, Part 4, Chapter 1, p. 396, [3]

     Miles had a cold, he always had a cold, it went unnoticed, went without saying, he had coughing jags and slightly woozy eyes, completely unremarked by people who knew him […]

4. A one-horse cart load, or, in modern times, a truck load, of hay or wood.
5. (Scotland, archaic) A leather bag or wallet; (in the plural) saddlebags.

Derived terms

• get a jag on
• have a jag on

Translations

See also

• Jag
• JAG

Anagrams

• AGJ, JGA

Afrikaans

Etymology

From Dutch jacht.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ja?/

Noun

jag (plural jagte)

1. hunt, pursuit
2. yacht

Verb

jag (present jag, present participle jagtende, past participle gejag)

1. to hunt

Related terms

• jaag

Dalmatian

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

jag

1. needle

References

• Bartoli, Matteo Giulio (1906) Il Dalmatico: Resti di un’antica lingua romanza parlata da Veglia a Ragusa e sua collocazione nella Romània appenino-balcanica, Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana, published 2000

Danish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ja??/, [jæj?]

Noun

jag n (singular definite jaget, plural indefinite jag)

1. hurry, rush
2. twinge, (a sudden sharp pain; a darting local pain of momentary continuance; as, a twinge in the arm or side)

Inflection

Verb

jag

1. imperative of jage

German

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -a?k

Verb

jag

1. singular imperative of jagen
2. (colloquial) first-person singular present of jagen

Livonian

Alternative forms

• jag?
• (Courland) ja'g

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *jako.

Noun

jag

1. part

Norwegian Bokmål

Pronunciation

Verb

jag

1. imperative of jage

Norwegian Nynorsk

Verb

jag

1. imperative of jaga

Romani

Etymology

From Sauraseni Prakrit ???????????????????? (aggi), from Ashokan Prakrit ???????????? (agi /aggi/), from Sanskrit ????? (agní, “fire”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hagnís, from Proto-Indo-European *h?n?g?nis. Cognate with Hindi ?? (?g), Nepali ??? (?go), Gujarati ?? (?ga), and Punjabi ??? (agga).

Noun

jag f (plural jaga)

1. fire

Swedish

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Old Swedish iak, jæk, from Old Norse jak (compare Old West Norse ek), from Proto-Norse ?? (ek), from Proto-Germanic *ek, from Proto-Indo-European *é?h?.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /j??(?)/, [j???(?)]

Pronoun

jag

1. I

   Jag läser en bok.

   I'm reading a book.

   Bara du och jag.

   Just you and me.

Declension

Noun

jag n

1. (psychology) I, self

Declension

Related terms

• jagkänsla
• överjag

Yabong

Noun

jag

1. water

Further reading

• J. Bullock, R. Gray, H. Paris, D. Pfantz, D. Richardson, A Sociolinguistic Survey of the Yabong, Migum, Nekgini, and Neko (2016)

Zaniza Zapotec

Noun

jag

1. tree

English

Etymology

From Middle English gouge (“chisel with concave blade; gouge”), from Old French gouge, goi (“gouge”), from Late Latin goia, gubia, gulbia (“chisel; piercer”), borrowed from Gaulish *gulbi?, from Proto-Celtic *gulb?, *gulbi, *gulb?nos (“beak, bill”). The English word is cognate with Italian gorbia, gubbia (“ferrule”), Old Breton golb, Old Irish gulba (“beak”), Portuguese goiva, Scottish Gaelic gilb (“chisel”), Spanish gubia (“chisel, gouge”), Welsh gylf (“beak; pointed instrument”), gylyf (“sickle”).

The verb is derived from the noun.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?a?d?/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /?a?d?/
• Rhymes: -a?d??

Noun

gouge (countable and uncountable, plural gouges)

1. Senses relating to cutting tools.
   1. A chisel with a curved blade for cutting or scooping channels, grooves, or holes in wood, stone, etc.
   2. A bookbinder's tool with a curved face, used for blind tooling or gilding.
   3. An incising tool that cuts blanks or forms for envelopes, gloves, etc., from leather, paper, or other materials.
2. A cut or groove, as left by a gouge or something sharp.
3. (originally US, colloquial) An act of gouging.
4. (slang) A cheat, a fraud; an imposition.

   Synonym: swindle

5. (slang) An impostor.
6. (mining) Soft material lying between the wall of a vein and the solid vein of ore.
7. (US, military, slang, uncountable) Information.
   • 2005, Jay A. Stout, To Be a U.S. Naval Aviator (page 63)

     As all naval aviators have learned at one time or another in their careers, “There's plenty of bad gouge out there," and it has, does, and will get the unwary fliers in trouble.

   • 2013, Douglas Waller, Air Warriors: The Inside Story of the Making of a Navy Pilot (page 89)

     The Marines and “Coasties” (the nickname for Coast Guard students) were reputed to have good gouge on each class's test. Rumor had it that the Marines had inside information on the questions for the next day's FRR test, […]

Derived terms

• fault gouge
• gouge bit

Translations

Verb

gouge (third-person singular simple present gouges, present participle gouging, simple past and past participle gouged)

1. (transitive) To make a groove, hole, or mark in by scooping with or as if with a gouge.

   Synonyms: engrave, grave, incise
2. (transitive) To cheat or impose upon; in particular, to charge an unfairly or unreasonably high price.

   Synonyms: defraud, swindle
3. (transitive, intransitive) To dig or scoop (something) out with or as if with a gouge; in particular, to use a thumb to push or try to push the eye (of a person) out of its socket.
4. (intransitive) To use a gouge.

Derived terms

• gouger
• gouging (noun)
• price gouging
• regouge

Translations

References

Further reading

• chisel – gouge on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• gouge (disambiguation) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• Douglas Harper (2001–2021) , “gouge”, in Online Etymology Dictionary

French

Etymology

Old French gouge, from Latin gulbia (Late Latin gubia), of Gaulish or Basque origins.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?u?/
• Rhymes: -u?

Noun

gouge f (plural gouges)

1. gouge (groove)
2. gouge (tool)
3. (obsolete) female servant
4. (archaic) prostitute
   • 1857, Charles Baudelaire, Bribes - Damnation,

     On peut les comparer encore à cette auberge, / Espoir des affamés, où cognent sur le tard, / Blessés, brisés, jurant, priant qu’on les héberge, / L’écolier, le prélat, la gouge et le soudard.

     They can also be compared to this inn, / Hope to the starved, where in the night knock, / Injured, broken, cursing, begging to be lodged, / The schoolboy, the prelate, the prostitute and the soldier.

Verb

gouge

1. first-person singular present indicative of gouger
2. third-person singular present indicative of gouger
3. first-person singular present subjunctive of gouger
4. third-person singular present subjunctive of gouger
5. second-person singular imperative of gouger

Further reading

• “gouge” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Old French

Etymology

From Late Latin gubia, from Latin gulbia.

Noun

gouge f (oblique plural gouges, nominative singular gouge, nominative plural gouges)

1. gouge (tool)
2. (chiefly derogatory) woman

Descendants

• English: gouge
• French: gouge

References

• Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l'ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IX^e au XV^e siècle (1881) (gouge, supplement)