different between irradiate vs luminesce

English

Etymology

Latin irradiatus

Pronunciation

• (verb) IPA^(key): /???e?die?t/
• (adjective) IPA^(key): /???e?di?t/

Verb

irradiate (third-person singular simple present irradiates, present participle irradiating, simple past and past participle irradiated)

1. (transitive, literary, poetic) To throw rays of light upon; to illuminate; to brighten; to adorn with luster.
   • c. late 18th century Sir W. Jones, Hymn to Lachsmi

     Thy smile irradiates yon blue fields.

2. (transitive, literary, poetic) To enlighten intellectually; to illuminate.

   to irradiate the mind

   • 1740 or earlier Bishop George Bull, A discourse concerning the spirit of God in the faithful

     And indeed we ought, in these happy intervals, when our understandings are thus irradiated and enlightened, to make a judgment of the state and condition of our souls in the sight of God […]

3. (transitive, literary, poetic) To animate by heat or light.
   • a. 1676 (written, first published in 1817) , Matthew Hale, A letter of advice to his grandchildren, Matthew, Gabriel, Anne, Mary, and Frances Hale.

     you may subdue and conquer the temperament of your nature, to do all things well-pleasing to him, and that may irradiate and strengthen your souls

4. (transitive, literary, poetic) To radiate, shed, or diffuse.
5. (transitive, literary, poetic) To decorate with shining ornaments.
6. (intransitive) To emit rays; to shine.
7. (sciences) To apply radiation to.
   1. (medicine) To treat (a tumour or cancerous growth) with radiation.
   2. (transitive) To treat (food) with ionizing radiation in order to destroy bacteria.

Translations

Adjective

irradiate

1. Illuminated; irradiated; made brilliant or splendid.
   • 1801, Robert Southey, Thalaba the Destroyer:

     The co-existent Flame
     Knew the Destroyer; it encircled him,
     Roll’d up his robe, and gathered round his head,
     Condensing to intenser splendour there,
     His Crown of Glory, and his Light of Life,
     Hovered the irradiate wreath.

Related terms

• irradiance
• irradiancy
• irradiant
• irradiation
• irradiative

References

• irradiate in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
• irradiate in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.

Italian

Verb

irradiate

1. second-person plural present indicative of irradiare
2. second-person plural imperative of irradiare
3. second-person plural present subjunctive of irradiare
4. feminine plural of irradiato

Anagrams

• arridiate
• idraterai
• reidratai

English

Etymology

Back-formation from luminescent.

Pronunciation

• (US) IPA^(key): /lum??n?s/
• Rhymes: -?s

Verb

luminesce (third-person singular simple present luminesces, present participle luminescing, simple past and past participle luminesced)

1. (intransitive) To give off light, including in the invisible electromagnetic radiation frequencies, or become luminescent.

   Phosphorus will only begin to luminesce at a certain small pressure of oxygen.

Derived terms

• bioluminesce