different between intelligence vs libel
intelligence
English
Etymology
From Old French intelligence, from Latin intelligentia. Doublet of intelligentsia.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?n?t?l.?.d???ns/
Noun
intelligence (countable and uncountable, plural intelligences)
- (chiefly uncountable) Capacity of mind, especially to understand principles, truths, facts or meanings, acquire knowledge, and apply it to practice; the ability to comprehend and learn.
- 1912, Edgar Rice Burroughs, Tarzan of the Apes, Chapter 5
- Not so, however, with Tarzan, the man-child. His life amidst the dangers of the jungle had taught him to meet emergencies with self-confidence, and his higher intelligence resulted in a quickness of mental action far beyond the powers of the apes.
- 1912, Edgar Rice Burroughs, Tarzan of the Apes, Chapter 5
- (countable) An entity that has such capacities.
- The great Intelligences fair / That range above our mortal state, / In circle round the blessed gate, / Received and gave him welcome there.
- (chiefly uncountable) Information, usually secret, about the enemy or about hostile activities.
- (countable) A political or military department, agency or unit designed to gather information, usually secret, about the enemy or about hostile activities.
- (dated) Acquaintance; intercourse; familiarity.
Synonyms
- (capacity of mind): wit, intellect, brightness
- (entity): see Thesaurus:sentient
- See also Thesaurus:intelligence
Derived terms
Translations
French
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin intelligentia (“the act of choosing between, intelligence”), from intelleg? (“understand”), from inter (“between”) + leg? (“choose, pick out, read”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /??.t?.li.???s/, /??.te.li.???s/
Noun
intelligence f (plural intelligences)
- intelligence; cleverness
- comprehension
Derived terms
- être d'intelligence
- intelligence artificielle
Further reading
- “intelligence” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
Italian
Etymology
Borrowed from English intelligence.
Noun
intelligence f (invariable)
- A political or military department, agency or unit designed to gather information.
Middle French
Noun
intelligence f (plural intelligences)
- intelligence
- comprehension
Old French
Noun
intelligence f (oblique plural intelligences, nominative singular intelligence, nominative plural intelligences)
- comprehension
- meaning
- ability to comprehend
Descendants
- ? English: intelligence
- French: intelligence
References
- Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l'ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IXe au XVe siècle (1881) (intelligence, supplement)
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libel
English
Etymology
From Old French libelle, from Latin libellus (“petition”).
Pronunciation
- enPR: l??b?l, IPA(key): /?la?b?l/
- Rhymes: -a?b?l
Noun
libel (countable and uncountable, plural libels)
- (countable) A written or pictorial false statement which unjustly seeks to damage someone's reputation.
- (uncountable) The act or crime of displaying such a statement publicly.
- (countable) Any defamatory writing; a lampoon; a satire.
- (law, countable) A written declaration or statement by the plaintiff of their cause of action, and of the relief they seek.
- 1873, United States Supreme Court, The Rio Grande, 86 U.S. 178,179
- These provisions of law being in force, the steamer Rio Grande, owned, as was alleged, by persons in Mexico, being in the port of Mobile, in the Southern District of Alabama, certain materialmen, on the 26th of November, 1867, filed separate libels against her in the district court for the said district.
- 1873, United States Supreme Court, The Rio Grande, 86 U.S. 178,179
- (countable) A brief writing of any kind, especially a declaration, bill, certificate, request, supplication, etc.
- (Can we find and add a quotation of Chaucer to this entry?)
- 1382–1395, John Wycliffe et al. (translators), Matthew verse 31
- a libel of forsaking [divorcement]
Synonyms
- See also Thesaurus:slander
Usage notes
In common usage, the noun and verb is particularly used where the defamatory writing meets the legal definition of libel in a particular jurisdiction.
Translations
Verb
libel (third-person singular simple present libels, present participle (UK) libelling or (US) libeling, simple past and past participle (UK) libelled or (US) libeled)
- (transitive) To defame someone, especially in a manner that meets the legal definition of libel.
- He libelled her when he published that.
- (law) To proceed against (a ship, goods, etc.) by filing a libel.
Synonyms
- See also Thesaurus:defame
Translations
Derived terms
See also
- defamation
- defame
- slander
Anagrams
- Belli, I'll be, Ibell, Liebl
Dutch
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /li?b?l/
- Hyphenation: li?bel
- Rhymes: -?l
Etymology 1
Borrowed from Latin libella or libellula.
Noun
libel f (plural libellen, diminutive libelletje n)
- dragonfly, insect of the infraorder Anisoptera
- dragonfly or damselfly, insect of the order Odonata
Alternative forms
- libelle
Hyponyms
- (insect of the order Odonata): beekjuffer, breedscheenjuffer, pantserjuffer, waterjuffer, winterjuffer
Etymology 2
From Latin libellus, diminutive of liber (“book”).
Noun
libel n (plural libellen, diminutive libelletje n)
- booklet, notably a libel (defamatory writing)
Synonyms
- schotschrift
- smaadschrift
Etymology 3
Borrowed from Latin libella.
Noun
libel f (plural libellen, diminutive libelletje n)
- A vial of a level.
References
- M. J. Koenen & J. Endepols, Verklarend Handwoordenboek der Nederlandse Taal (tevens Vreemde-woordentolk), Groningen, Wolters-Noordhoff, 1969 (26th edition) [Dutch dictionary in Dutch]
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