different between instrumental vs bagatelle

English

Etymology

From Middle English instrumental, instrumentale, from Medieval Latin instrumentalis, from instruere (“to build into, set up, construct, furnish", hence "to train”), from in- (“on”) + struere (“to put together, arrange, pile up, build, construct”), from Proto-Indo-European *strew- (“to spread, to strew”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?nst???m?nt?l/, /?nst???m?nt?l/

Adjective

instrumental (comparative more instrumental, superlative most instrumental)

1. essential or central; of great importance or relevance.
   • 2012, Christoper Zara, Tortured Artists: From Picasso and Monroe to Warhol and Winehouse, the Twisted Secrets of the World's Most Creative Minds, part 1, chapter 2, 51:

     Few songwriters have been as instrumental in creating the mold for American music.
2. (music) Pertaining to, made by, or prepared for, an instrument, especially a musical instrument (rather than the human voice).
   • 1848, Thomas Babington Macaulay, The History of England from the Accession of James the Second

     He defended the use of instrumental music in public worship.

   • c. 1700, John Dryden, Cymon and Iphigenia

     Sweet voices mix'd with instrumental sounds.

3. (grammar) Applied to a case expressing means or agency, generally indicated in English by by or with with the objective.

   the instrumental case

Antonyms

• noninstrumental

Coordinate terms

• (serving as a means): final
• (music): vocal, a capella

Derived terms

Translations

Noun

instrumental (plural instrumentals)

1. (grammar) The instrumental case.
2. (music) A composition written or performed without lyrics, sometimes using a lead instrument to replace vocals.
   • 1977, Stereo Review (volume 38, page 70)

     I recommend this album in the face of the fact that five of the eleven songs are the purest filler, dull instrumentals with a harmonica rifling over an indifferent rhythm section. The rest is magnificent […]

Translations

Further reading

• instrumental in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• instrumental in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

Catalan

Adjective

instrumental (masculine and feminine plural instrumentals)

1. instrumental

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??s.t?y.m??.tal/

Adjective

instrumental (feminine singular instrumentale, masculine plural instrumentaux, feminine plural instrumentales)

1. instrumental

Noun

instrumental m (plural instrumentaux)

1. (grammar) instrumental, instrumental case

See also

• accusatif
• génitif
• locatif
• nominatif
• vocatif

Further reading

• “instrumental” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

German

Etymology

From French instrumental. Equivalent to Instrument +? -al.

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -a?l

Adjective

instrumental (not comparable)

1. (music) instrumental

Declension

Antonyms

• nichtinstrumental

Further reading

• “instrumental” in Duden online

Middle English

Alternative forms

• instrumentale, instrumentall

Etymology

From Medieval Latin instrumentalis; equivalent to instrument +? -al.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /instriu?m?n?ta?l/, /instru?m?ntal/

Adjective

instrumental (rare)

1. Resembling an instrument in role; instrumental (serving as a means)
2. Resembling an instrument in use (i.e. being used as a tool)
3. Resembling a (specific kind of) instrument in appearance.

Descendants

• English: instrumental

References

• “instr??ment?l, adj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-09-12.

Portuguese

Adjective

instrumental m or f (plural instrumentais, comparable)

1. (music) instrumental (having no singing)
2. (grammar) instrumental (pertaining to the instrumental case)

Noun

instrumental m (plural instrumentais)

1. (uncountable, grammar) instrumental (grammatical case)
2. (countable, music) instrumental (composition without singing)

Romanian

Etymology

From French instrumental.

Adjective

instrumental m or n (feminine singular instrumental?, masculine plural instrumentali, feminine and neuter plural instrumentale)

1. instrumental

Declension

Serbo-Croatian

Noun

?nstrument?l m (Cyrillic spelling ??????????????)

1. the instrumental case
2. (music) a composition made for instruments only or a (version of some) song in which only the instruments are heard

Declension

Slovene

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /í?nstrum?ntal/, /instrum?ntá?l/

Noun

?nstrumental or instrument?l m inan

1. (grammar) instrumental case

   Synonym: orodnik

2. (music) instrumental music

Inflection

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Spanish

Adjective

instrumental (plural instrumentales)

1. instrumental

Derived terms

• caso instrumental

English

Etymology

Borrowed from French bagatelle, from Italian bagattella.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?bæ???t?l/

Noun

bagatelle (plural bagatelles)

1. A trifle; an insubstantial thing.
   • 1782, Charles Macklin, Love a-la-Mode 21:,

     Sir C.?Oh! dear madam, don't ask me, it's a very foolish song—a mere bagatelle.
     Char.?Oh! Sir Callaghan, I will admit of no excuse.

   • 1850, Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine (volume 68, page 226)

     […] the jails were larger and fuller, the number of murders was incomparably greater, the thefts and swindlings in the old country were a bagatelle to the large depredations there […]

   • 1879 September 6, "Railway Projects", Railway World, 5 (36): 853

     The repayment of the cost of the western part of the road, whatever it might be, would be a mere bagatelle, for the older provinces would have been enriched by the stimulus given to business by the opening up of the plains, […]

   Synonyms: bag of shells; see also Thesaurus:trifle

2. A short piece of literature or of instrumental music, typically light or playful in character.
   • 2007, Norman Lebrecht, The Life And Death of Classical Music, page 7

     One afternoon in 1920. a young pianist sat down in a shuttered room in the capital of defeated Germany and played a Bagatelle by Beethoven.

3. A game similar to billiards played on an oblong table with pockets or arches at one end only.
   • 1895, Hugh Legge, "The Repton Club", in John Matthew Knapp (ed.), The Universities and the Social Problem, page 139

     For some time they did nothing save box, but at last they went down to the bagatelle room, and played bagatelle for a bit. They marked this advance in civilization by prodding holes in the ceiling with the bagatelle cues, which gave the ceiling the appearance of a cloth target after a Gatling gun had been shooting at it.

4. Any of several smaller, wooden table top games developed from the original bagatelle in which the pockets are made of pins; also called pin bagatelle, hit-a-pin bagatelle, jaw ball.

Derived terms

Translations

See also

• carom
• pachinko
• pinball

Verb

bagatelle (third-person singular simple present bagatelles, present participle bagatelling, simple past and past participle bagatelled)

1. (intransitive, rare) To meander or move around, in a manner similar to the ball in the game of bagatelle.
2. (transitive, rare) To bagatellize; to regard as a bagatelle.

Further reading

• bagatelle in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• bagatelle in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
• bagatelle at OneLook Dictionary Search

French

Etymology

From Italian bagattella.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ba.?a.t?l/

Noun

bagatelle f (plural bagatelles)

1. bagatelle, trinket, bauble
2. (food) trifle

Descendants

• ? Danish: bagatel
• ? Dutch: bagatel
• ? English: bagatelle
• ? German: Bagatelle

Further reading

• “bagatelle” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Italian

Noun

bagatelle f

1. plural of bagatella