different between instruct vs deny
instruct
English
Etymology
From Latin ?nstr?ctus, perfect passive participle of ?nstru? (“I instruct; I arrange, furnish, or provide”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /??n?st??kt/
- Rhymes: -?kt
Verb
instruct (third-person singular simple present instructs, present participle instructing, simple past and past participle instructed)
- (transitive) To teach by giving instructions.
- Synonyms: educate, guide
- c. 1604, William Shakespeare, Measure for Measure, Act I, Scene 3,[1]
- Supply me with the habit and instruct me
- How I may formally in person bear me
- Like a true friar.
- 1682, Aphra Behn, The False Count, London: Jacob Tonson, Act III, Scene 2, p. 33,[2]
- What a dishonour’s this, to me, to have so Dull a Father, that needs to be instructed in his Duty.
- 1751, Samuel Johnson, The Rambler, No. 156, 14 September, 1751, in Volume 5, London: J. Payne and J. Bouquet, 1752, p. 177,[3]
- […] the design of tragedy is to instruct by moving the passions,
- 1850, Nathaniel Hawthorne, The Scarlet Letter, Chapter 10,[4]
- […] I should deem you a man sore sick, it may be, yet not so sick but that an instructed and watchful physician might well hope to cure you.
- 1974, Robert M. Pirsig, Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance, New York: William Morrow, Part 4, Chapter 29, p. 353,[5]
- At the Laundromat I instruct Chris on how to operate the drier, start the washing machines […]
- (transitive) To tell (someone) what they must or should do.
- Synonyms: command, direct, order
- Usage note: "instruct" is less forceful than "order", but weightier than "advise"
- c. 1591, William Shakespeare, Henry VI, Part 1, Act III, Scene 1,[6]
- What, shall a child instruct you what to do?
- 1848, William Makepeace Thackeray, Vanity Fair, Chapter 39,[7]
- All the servants were instructed to address her as “Mum,” or “Madam” […]
- 1989, John Irving, A Prayer for Owen Meany, New York: Ballantine, 1997, Chapter 5, p. 195,[8]
- Observing that the Christ Child’s nose was running, she deftly wiped it; then she held the handkerchief in place, while instructing him to “blow.”
Related terms
Translations
Noun
instruct (plural instructs)
- (obsolete) Instruction.
Adjective
instruct (not comparable)
- (obsolete) Arranged; furnished; provided.
- c. 1615, George Chapman (translator), Homer’s Odysses, London: Nathaniell Butter, Book 4, p. 62,[9]
- For he had neither ship, instruct with oares,
- Nor men to fetch him from those stranger shores.
- c. 1615, George Chapman (translator), Homer’s Odysses, London: Nathaniell Butter, Book 4, p. 62,[9]
- (obsolete) Instructed; taught; enlightened.
- 1671, John Milton, Paradise Regained, London: John Starkey, Book 1, lines 438-441, p. 24,[10]
- Who ever by consulting at thy shrine
- Return’d the wiser, or the more instruct
- To flye or follow what concern’d him most,
- And run not sooner to his fatal snare?
- 1671, John Milton, Paradise Regained, London: John Starkey, Book 1, lines 438-441, p. 24,[10]
Anagrams
- unstrict
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deny
English
Etymology
From Middle English denyen, from Old French denoier (“to deny, to repudiate”) (French dénier), from Latin denegare (“to deny, to refuse”), from de- (“away”) and negare (“to refuse”), the latter ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ne (“no, not”). Doublet of denegate.
Pronunciation
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /d??na?/
- (General American) IPA(key): /d??na?/, /d?-/
- Rhymes: -a?
- Hyphenation: de?ny
Verb
deny (third-person singular simple present denies, present participle denying, simple past and past participle denied)
- (transitive) To disallow or reject.
- (transitive) To assert that something is not true.
- (ditransitive) To refuse to give or grant something to someone.
- 1754, Jonathan Edwards, An Inquiry into the Modern Prevailing Notions Respecting that Freedom of the Will which is supposed to be Essential to Moral Agency
- To some men, it is more agreeable to deny a vicious inclination, than to gratify it.
- 1754, Jonathan Edwards, An Inquiry into the Modern Prevailing Notions Respecting that Freedom of the Will which is supposed to be Essential to Moral Agency
- To take something away from someone; to deprive of.
- (sports, transitive) To prevent from scoring.
- To disclaim connection with, responsibility for, etc.; to refuse to acknowledge; to disown; to abjure; to disavow.
- 1834-1874, George Bancroft, History of the United States, from the Discovery of the American Continent.
- the falsehood of denying his opinion
- 1827, John Keble, The Christian Year
- thou thrice denied, yet thrice beloved
- 1834-1874, George Bancroft, History of the United States, from the Discovery of the American Continent.
- (obsolete) To refuse (to do or accept something).
Usage notes
- This is a catenative verb that takes the gerund (-ing). See Appendix:English catenative verbs.
- Deny can have a connotation that the denial is false; he denied knowing the accused has a more suspicious tone than he said he did not know the accused. However, in some formal usages, e.g. medical records, it can have a more neutral sense (patient denies chest pain).
- See refute.
Conjugation
Synonyms
- (assert something is not true): gainsay, contradict, withsay, refute, disclaim
Antonyms
- (disallow): allow
- (assert something is true): confirm, affirm
Derived terms
- deniability
- denier
- justice delayed is justice denied
Related terms
- denial
Translations
Anagrams
- E.D.N.Y., Ynde, dyne
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