different between incus vs malleus
incus
English
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin inc?s (“anvil”).
Pronunciation
- (UK, US) IPA(key): /???.k?s/
- Rhymes: -??k?s
Noun
incus (plural incudes)
- (anatomy) A small anvil-shaped bone in the middle ear.
- 2010, Elaine N. Marieb & Katja Hoehn, Human Anatomy & Physiology, 8th edition, page 576
- The tympanic cavity is spanned by the three smallest bones in the body: the auditory ossicles […] These bones, named for their shape, are the malleus (mal?e-us; "hammer"); the incus (ing?kus; "anvil"); and the stapes (sta?p?z; "stirrup").
- 2010, Elaine N. Marieb & Katja Hoehn, Human Anatomy & Physiology, 8th edition, page 576
- (meteorology) an accessory cloud, in the shape of an anvil which forms by spreading at the top of a cumulonimbus.
Synonyms
- (bone in the middle ear): anvil
- (cloud): anvil, thunderhead
Related terms
- incudal
Translations
Anagrams
- NICUs, U.S. Inc, usnic
Afrikaans
From Latin inc?s (“anvil”).
Noun
incus (plural incudes)
- (anatomy) incus
Synonyms
- aambeeld
French
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /??.kys/
Noun
incus m (plural incus)
- (anatomy) incus
Synonyms
- enclume
Latin
Etymology 1
From inc?d? (“forge, fabricate”), from in- + c?d?
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /?in.ku?s/, [???ku?s?]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /?in.kus/, [?i?kus]
Noun
inc?s f (genitive inc?dis); third declension
- anvil
Declension
Third-declension noun.
Descendants
Etymology 2
New Latin; from Spanish, from Quechua inka (“emperor, male of royal blood”).
Adjective
incus (feminine inca, neuter incum); first/second-declension adjective
- Incan
Declension
First/second-declension adjective.
Related terms
- Inca
References
- incus in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- incus in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- incus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
- incus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
- incus in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
- incus in William Smith et al., editor (1890) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
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malleus
English
Etymology
From Latin malleus (“hammer, mallet”). Doublet of maul.
Pronunciation
- (UK, US) IPA(key): /?mæl.i.?s/
- Rhymes: -æli?s
Noun
malleus (plural mallei)
- (anatomy) The small hammer-shaped bone of the middle ear.
- A fracture of the malleus handle is a rare traumatic middle ear lesion.
- 2010, Elaine N. Marieb & Katja Hoehn, Human Anatomy & Physiology, 8th edition, page 576
- The tympanic cavity is spanned by the three smallest bones in the body: the auditory ossicles […] These bones, named for their shape, are the malleus (mal?e-us; "hammer"); the incus (ing?kus; "anvil"); and the stapes (sta?p?z; "stirrup"). The "handle" of the malleus is secured to the eardrum, and the base of the stapes fits into the oval window.
- (ichthyology) The tripus (ossicle in cypriniform fishes).
- (zoology) One of the paired calcareous structures within the mastax of rotifers.
- 1884, Hudson, C.T., Memoirs: An Attempt to re-classify the Rotifers in Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science 1884 s2-24, pages 335-356:
- […] in the typical mastax of a Brachionus there are two hammer-like bodies (mallei), which work on a kind of split anvil (incus); [...] each malleus consists of an upper part or head (uncus) and a lower or handle (manubrium);
- 1884, Hudson, C.T., Memoirs: An Attempt to re-classify the Rotifers in Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science 1884 s2-24, pages 335-356:
Synonyms
- (bone of the middle ear): hammer
- (tripus): malleus Weberi, tripus
Hypernyms
- (bone of the middle ear): auditory ossicle, auditory bone, otic bone, ossicle
Derived terms
- malleal
- mallear
Translations
References
- The Century Dictionary Online
- Dictionary of Ichthyology, Brian W. Coad and Don E. McAllister
- A Dictionary of Scientific Terms, Henderson I. F., Henderson W. D., BiblioBazaar, LLC, 2009, ?ISBN, ?ISBN, page 174
Latin
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *melh?-no-, from *melh?- (“to grind, crush”), whence also mol? (“I grind”). Compare similar semantic development from the same Proto-Indo-European root in Old Church Slavonic ????? (mlat?, “hammer”), beside the verb ????? (ml?ti, “grind”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /?mal.le.us/, [?mäl??e?s?]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /?mal.le.us/, [?m?l??us]
Noun
malleus m (genitive malle?); second declension
- hammer, mallet
- a disease of animals
- (New Latin) the malleus, a small bone in the middle ear
- 1794, Gulielmo Rowley, Schola Medicinæ Universalis Nova, pars prior, page ix
- Chorda tympani—O??icula quatuor auditus, 267—Malleus—Incus—O??iculum ?ubrotundum ovale—Stapes […]
- Chorda tympani—four auditory ossicles, 267—malleus—incus—subrotund oval ossicle—stapes […]
- Chorda tympani—O??icula quatuor auditus, 267—Malleus—Incus—O??iculum ?ubrotundum ovale—Stapes […]
- 1794, Gulielmo Rowley, Schola Medicinæ Universalis Nova, pars prior, page ix
Declension
Second-declension noun.
Synonyms
- martellus (Medieval Latin)
Derived terms
- malle?
- malleolus
Descendants
References
- malleus in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- malleus in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- malleus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
- malleus in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
- malleus in William Smith et al., editor (1890) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
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