different between inchoate vs ecumenopolitan

English

Etymology

From Latin incoh?tus (“begun, unfinished”), perfect passive participle of incoh? (“begin”). Cognate with Spanish incoar (“to initiate, commence, begin”).

Pronunciation

Noun, adjective:

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?n?k???t/, /?n?k??e?t/
• (US) IPA^(key): /?n?ko??t/, /?n?ko?e?t/

Verb:

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?n?k??e?t/
• (US) IPA^(key): /?n?ko?e?t/

Adjective

inchoate (comparative more inchoate, superlative most inchoate)

1. Recently started but not fully formed yet; just begun; only elementary or immature.

   Synonyms: elementary, immature, embryonic, incipient, nascent, rudimentary

   • 1614, Walter Raleigh, The History of the World

     neither a substance perfect, nor a substance inchoate

   • 1677, Richard Allestree, The Art of Contentment, p. 187

     It do's indeed perfect and crown tho?e graces which were here inchoate and begun, but no mans conver?ion ever ?ucceeded his being there ...

   • 1803, Supreme Court of the United States, Marbury v. Madison

     This appointment is evidenced by an open, unequivocal act, and, being the last act required from the person making it, necessarily excludes the idea of its being, so far as it respects the appointment, an inchoate and incomplete transaction.

   • 1839, Cherokee Constitution

     It being determined that a constitution should be made for the inchoate government, men were selected by its sponsors, from those at the Illinois Camp Ground, including as many western Cherokees as could be induced to sign it.

   • 1885, Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, On the Death of General Gordon

     ...unfortunately, we have to face inchoate schemes which will demand the utmost jealousy and vigilance of Parliament.

   • 1889, Robert Louis Stevenson and Lloyd Osborne, The Wrong Box, chapter 6

     The private conception of any breach of law is apt to be inspiriting, for the scheme (while yet inchoate) wears dashing and attractive colours.

   • 1919, H. P. Lovecraft, The Doom That Came to Sarnath

     Very odd and ugly were these beings, as indeed are most beings of a world yet inchoate and rudely fashioned.

   • 1928, Hermann Hesse, Steppenwolf

     How inutterably sad was the look this fluid inchoate figure of the wolf threw from his beautiful shy eyes.

   • 2004, David Hajdu, "Folk Hero", The New Yorker, 29 March 2004

     Guthrie’s inchoate socialist leanings grew into a deep commitment to the labor movement.

2. Chaotic, disordered, confused; also, incoherent, rambling.

   Synonyms: chaotic, confused

3. (law) Of a crime, imposing criminal liability for an incompleted act.
   • 2006, United States v. McKenney, 450 F.3d 39 (1st Cir. 2006)

     Congress considers the inchoate offenses of attempt and conspiracy, even conspiracy without an overt act, to be just as serious as the federal substantive drug offenses which they contemplate.

Translations

Noun

inchoate (plural inchoates)

1. (rare) A beginning, an immature start.

Verb

inchoate (third-person singular simple present inchoates, present participle inchoating, simple past and past participle inchoated)

1. (transitive) To begin or start (something).
2. (transitive) To cause or bring about.
3. (intransitive) To make a start.

Related terms

• choate (back-formation)
• inchoated
• inchoatedness
• inchoation
• inchoactive

Anagrams

• Noachite, choanite, ethanoic, thiocane

Latin

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /in.k?o?a?.te/, [??k?o?ä?t??]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /in.ko?a.te/, [i?k????t??]

Verb

incho?te

1. second-person plural present active imperative of incho?

English

Alternative forms

• œcumenopolitan (rare)

Etymology

ecumenopolis +? -ity +? -an. First reliably attested in 1974: either, as from Ecumenopolitan, or a generalised use thereof, parallel with the development of ecumenopolis.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) enPR: ?kyo?o'm?n?p??l?t?n, IPA^(key): /??kju?m?n???p?l?t?n/

Homophone: Ecumenopolitan

Adjective

ecumenopolitan (not comparable)

1. Of or conducive to the development, befitting the scale, or characteristic of an ecumenopolis or ecumenopoleis.
   • 1971: The Mastery of Urban Growth: Report of the International Colloquium, Brussels, 2–4 December 1969, page 47 (Mens en ruimte, M. plus R international)

     […] “ecumenopolitan” formations.

   • 1974: Spenser W. Havlick, The Urban Organism: The City’s Natural Resources from an Environmental Perspective, page 476 (Macmillan; ?ISBN, 9780023518102)

     Certainly the magnitude of megalopolitan or ecumenopolitan problems tends to overwhelm the individual who is a perspective participant.

   • 1976: The Planner, volume 62, page 25 (Royal Town Planning Institute)

     ‘The ecumenopolitan concept’, said Professor Dix of Nottingham, apparently proposing the ‘dilution’ motion, ‘implies the better use of resources, perhaps a greater use of telecommunications and electronics, and properly planned transport systems. It means a better and more readily accessible countryside…’.

   • 1976: Leman Group Inc, Great Lakes Megalopolis: From Civilization to Ecumenization, page 97 (Ministry of State, Urban Affairs, Canada; ?ISBN, 9780660003764)

     In many, many areas on megalopolitan government, the next time a meeting of this sort gets together and begins to think basically, they are going to be talking about ecumenopolitan government and people are going to be saying: “Ecumenopolis, who needs it? Ecumenopolis, it doesn’t exist and never will.”

   • 1979: Albert N. Cousins and Hans Nagpaul, Urban Life: The Sociology of Cities and Urban Society, page 587 (Wiley; ?ISBN, 9780471030263)

     The very largest concentrations in the entire complex will have to be rescued from simply more sprawl, because suburbanization and exurbanization continue to bring added pressures on the core. The best way to do this, Doxiadis thought, is to engineer the establishment of new metropolitan areas at only a moderate distance away as nodes in a hierarchical pattern suitable to the ecumenopolitan phase of human history. Then, in an oracular manner looking even beyond the “world-spanning city,” Doxiadis saw mankind of the future even moving in the direction of an extraterrestrial Cosmopolis, “the city of the Cosmos.”??

   • 1980: International Journal for Housing Science and Its Applications, volume 4, page vi (Pergamon)

     While this is the scale which, for many, is still difficult to perceive or accept, there are a number of signs that such ecumenopolitan systems are very much in the making.¹? The two world wars are but consequences of frictions arising between two or three near-global spatial/operational arrangements dating back to fifteenth and sixteenth century concepts and to the systems which such concepts spurred.

   • 1987: J. F. Brotchie, Peter Geoffrey Hall, and Peter Wesley Newton [eds.], The Spatial Impact of Technological Change, pages 413?¹? and 414?²? (Croom Helm; ?ISBN, 9780709950066)

     ?¹? For the mid 1980s I estimate that at least one million adults belong to the ecumenopolitan stratum; several times as many are in the educational stream with ambitions to join them.

     ?²? Iranians were graduated from North American universities with motivations that are virtually indistinguishable from their classmates, but their command of Asian languages and their entrepreneurship generates a backflow of ecumenopolitan commitments to Asia.

   • 2007: Baleshwar Thakur, George Pomeroy, Chris Cusack, and Sudhir K Thakur [eds.], City, Society, and Planning, volume 1: “City”, page 16 (Concept Publishing Company; ?ISBN

     The prospective urban implies, therefore, ecumenopolitan order.

   • 2007: Peter Droege, The Renewable City: A Comprehensive Guide to an Urban Revolution, page 39 (John Wiley & Sons; ?ISBN, 9780470019252)

     The modern suburb is a logical corollary of this fossil fuel powered narrative and expresses it in holographic detail. And its ascendancy continues: suburbs and their appurtenances mushroom at and between the fringes of the world’s metropolitan cores, following Doxiadess’ ecumenopolitan premonitions with the precision of a large oil spill […]

Noun

ecumenopolitan (plural ecumenopolitans)

1. An inhabitant of an ecumenopolis, especially one actively involved in its political arena.
   • 1974: Spenser W. Havlick, The Urban Organism: The City’s Natural Resources from an Environmental Perspective, page 475 (Macmillan; ?ISBN, 9780023518102)

     The danger of this pattern is of course that the ecumenopolitan becomes spread very thin among various roles and locations. As a citizen of the world we see more of the whole picture but become frustrated in trying to find where the need is greatest so we can “plug in.”

   • 1987: J. F. Brotchie, Peter Geoffrey Hall, and Peter Wesley Newton [eds.], The Spatial Impact of Technological Change, pages 419?¹? and 420?²? (Croom Helm; ?ISBN, 9780709950066)

     ?¹? A large share of the ecumenopolitans may not take the trouble to operate their own vehicles.

     ?²? The automata and the ecumenopolitans are inherently symbiotic, but the new breed will be specialists who are virtually bionic.

   • 1991: J. F. Brotchie [ed.], Cities of the 21st Century: New Technologies and Spatial Systems, page 379 (Longman Cheshire; ?ISBN, 9780470217429)

     Table 1?The ecumenopolitans: the world-serving roles

   • 1997: Nan Ellin, Architecture of Fear, page 228 (Princeton Architectural Press; ?ISBN

     In 1962 Yona Friedman predicted that the entire world population would be agglomerated into 1000 big cities.? Also in the early 1960s Constantinos A. Doxiadis envisaged an “ecumenopolis”? consisting of groups of major cities linked to each other (by air traffic and electronic communications) more firmly than to the surrounding districts of the countries in which they are located. A global elite, crossing national boundaries daily, would be the ultimate form of civilization. According to metabolist theory set out by Kisho Kurokawa in 1967, each of these cities would be a “metapolis,” an urban unit for ecumenopolitans built in “super-architecture”: “A Metapolis will be a junction point of mobile information. It will also be the place from which directives are issued.”? Singapore is the apotheosis of Metabolism.

Related terms