different between impact vs sock

English

Etymology

From Latin imp?ctus, perfect passive participle of imping? (“dash against, impinge”).

Pronunciation

• (noun): enPR: im?p?kt, IPA^(key): /??mpækt/
• (verb): enPR: im-p?kt?, IPA^(key): /?m?pækt/
• • Rhymes: -ækt

Noun

impact (countable and uncountable, plural impacts)

1. The striking of one body against another; collision.
2. The force or energy of a collision of two objects.

3. (chiefly medicine) A forced impinging.

4. A significant or strong influence; an effect.

Usage notes

• Adjectives often applied to "impact": social, political, physical, positive, negative, good, bad, beneficial, harmful, significant, great, important, strong, big, small, real, huge, likely, actual, potential, devastating, disastrous, true, primary.
• The adposition generally used with "impact" is "on" (such as in last example in section above)
• There are English speakers who are so averse to the verb sense that they have become hypersensitive to the use of the figurative noun sense, with a low threshold for labeling such use as overuse (cliché). In defensive editing, the solution is to replace the figurative noun sense with effect and the verb sense with affect, which nearly always produces an acceptable result. (Rarely, a phrase such as "the impact of late effects" is better stetted to avoid "the effect of [...] effects".)

Derived terms

Related terms

• impinge

Translations

Verb

impact (third-person singular simple present impacts, present participle impacting, simple past and past participle impacted)

1. (transitive) To collide or strike, the act of impinging.

   When the hammer impacts the nail, it bends.

2. (transitive) To compress; to compact; to press into something or pack together.

   The footprints of birds do not impact the soil in the way those of dinosaurs do.

3. (transitive, proscribed) To influence; to affect; to have an impact on.

   I can make the changes, but it will impact the schedule.

4. (transitive, rare) To stamp or impress onto something.

   Ideas impacted on the mind.

Usage notes

Some authorities object to the verb sense of impact meaning "to influence; to affect; to have an impact on". Although most verbification instances in English draw no prescriptive attention, a few do, including this one. To avoid annoying those readers who care, one can replace the verb sense with affect, which nearly always produces an acceptable result. See also the usage note for the noun sense.

Derived terms

• impaction
• impactor

Translations

French

Etymology

From Latin, see above.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??.pakt/

Noun

impact m (plural impacts)

1. (literally or figuratively) impact

Further reading

• “impact” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Romanian

Etymology

From French impact, from Latin impactus.

Noun

impact n (plural impacturi)

1. impact

Declension

English

Pronunciation

• (General American) IPA^(key): /s?k/
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /s?k/
• Rhymes: -?k

Etymology 1

From Middle English socke, sokke, sok, from Old English socc (“sock, light shoe, slipper”), a West Germanic borrowing from Latin soccus (“a light shoe or slipper, buskin”), from Ancient Greek ?????? (súkkhos, “a kind of shoe”), probably from Phrygian or from an Anatolian language. Cognate with Scots sok (“sock, stocking”), West Frisian sok (“sock”), Dutch sok (“sock”), German Socke (“sock”), Danish sok, sokke (“sock”), Swedish sock, socka (“sock”), Icelandic sokkur (“sock”).

Noun

sock (plural socks or (informal, nonstandard) sox)

1. A knitted or woven covering for the foot.
2. A shoe worn by Greco-Roman comedy actors.
3. A cat's or dog's lower leg that is a different color (usually white) from the color pattern on the rest of the animal.

   Synonym: mitten

4. (Wiktionary and WMF jargon) A sock puppet.
5. (firearms, informal) A gun sock.

Derived terms

Descendants

• ? French: socquette
  • ? Portuguese: soquete
• Japanese: ???? (sokkusu) < socks
• Swahili: soksi < socks (plural)

Translations

Etymology 2

Unknown, but compare Portuguese soco ("a hit with one's hand; a punch").This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Alternative forms

• (W. Eng. dial.): zock

Adjective

sock (not comparable)

1. (slang, dated) Extremely successful.
   • 1960, Billboard magazine reviewer

     Sock performance on a catchy rhythm ditty with infectious tempo.

Synonyms

• socko

Noun

sock (plural socks)

1. (slang) A violent blow; a punch.

Verb

sock (third-person singular simple present socks, present participle socking, simple past and past participle socked)

1. (slang, transitive) To hit or strike violently; to deliver a blow to.
   • 1951, J.D. Salinger, The Catcher in the Rye, Chapter 13:

     What you should be is not yellow at all. If you're supposed to sock somebody in the jaw, and you sort of feel like doing it, you should do it.

   • 1951, James Jones, From Here to Eternity, Book Four:

     They may let you off the first time because you're new maybe. But the second time they'll sock it to you, give you a couple of days in the Hole, then throw you in Number Two.

2. (slang, transitive) To throw.

Derived terms

• sock away
• sock in
• sockdolager

Translations

Etymology 3

From French soc, from Late Latin soccus, perhaps of Celtic origin.

Noun

sock (plural socks)

1. A ploughshare.
   • D. Brewster, The Edinburgh Encyclopaedia

     In Wexford, the beam is shorter than in any of the other counties, and the sock in general is of cast iron.

Etymology 4

From socket.

Noun

sock (plural socks)

1. (computing, networking) Abbreviation of socket.

Swedish

Noun

sock c

1. sock

Declension

See also

• socka
• strumpa

References

• sock in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)