different between illegal vs conventicle

English

Etymology

Borrowed from French illégal, from Medieval Latin illegalis, from Latin legalis. In senses relating to immigration, via clipping from illegal alien or illegal immigrant.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /??li???l/
• (US) enPR: ?.l?'g?l, IPA^(key): /??li.??l/, [???li.???]
• Rhymes: -i???l
• Hyphenation: il?le?gal

Adjective

illegal (comparative more illegal, superlative most illegal)

1. Contrary to or forbidden by law, especially criminal law.
2. Forbidden by established rules.

3. (philately, of an issue printed for collectors) Totally fictitious, and often issued on behalf of a non-existent territory or country.
4. (of a person, sometimes offensive) Being or doing something illegally.

5. (chiefly US, sometimes offensive) Being an illegal immigrant; residing in a country illegally.

Usage notes

The use of "illegal" to describe a person rather than an action is often regarded as offensive; see below.

Synonyms

• (forbidden by law): criminal, felonious, illicit, unlawful, irregular
• (totally fictitious): bogus

Antonyms

• (forbidden by law): lawful, legal

Derived terms

• illegal alien
• illegal immigrant

Translations

Noun

illegal (plural illegals)

1. (obsolete) An illegal act or technique.
2. (colloquial, in the plural, as illegals) Contraband, esp. illegal substances such as drugs.
3. (colloquial, offensive) An illegal immigrant.
4. (espionage) A spy working abroad illegally and undercover, without visible ties to his or her country’s authorities.
   • 2012, Christopher Andrew, ‘Colder War’, Literary Review, issue 399:

     Anna Chapman, whose glamorous appearance won her more publicity in the Western media than all the other illegals combined, was so successfully deceived by a US sting operation that she handed over her SVR laptop to an FBI agent posing as a Russian.

Synonyms

• (illegal immigrant) crimmigrant

Usage notes

• The use of "illegal" to describe a person, rather than an action a person has undertaken, is often regarded as offensive. The use of "illegal" as a noun is especially charged.

Translations

References

Anagrams

• gill-ale

Asturian

Etymology

Borrowed from Medieval Latin ill?g?lis, from Latin l?g?lis corresponding to i- +? llegal.

Adjective

illegal (epicene, plural illegales)

1. illegal

Antonyms

• llegal

Danish

Etymology

Borrowed from Medieval Latin illegalis.

Adjective

illegal

1. illegal

Inflection

Synonyms

• ulovlig, forbudt

German

Etymology

Borrowed from Medieval Latin illegalis.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??le?a?l/

Adjective

illegal (not comparable)

1. illegal

Declension

Synonyms

• gesetzwidrig
• strafbar
• ungesetzlich

Derived terms

• Illegaler (“illegal / illegal immigrant”), Illegale (“illegal / illegal immigrant (female)”)
• Illegalität

Further reading

• “illegal” in Duden online

Occitan

Adjective

illegal m (feminine singular illegala, masculine plural illegals, feminine plural illegalas)

1. illegal

   Antonym: legal

Derived terms

• illegalament
• illegalizar

Portuguese

Adjective

illegal (plural illegaes, comparable)

1. Obsolete spelling of ilegal

English

Etymology

From Late Middle English conventicle, conventicule (“a gathering, meeting (especially a secret or unlawful one); (derogatory) a church”), from Latin conventiculum (“assembly; meeting (or the place involved); association”), from conventus (“assembled, convened”) + -culum (“suffix forming diminutives of nouns”). Conventus is the perfect passive participle of conveni? (“to assemble, convene, meet together”), from con- (“suffix meaning ‘together, with’”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *?óm (“along, at, next to, with”)) + veni? (“to approach, come”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *g?em- (“to step”) + *-yéti (“suffix forming intransitive, imperfective verbs”)).

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /k?n?v?nt?k(?)l/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /k?n?v?n(t)?k(?)l/, /-?ven-/
• Hyphenation: con?ven?ti?cle

Noun

conventicle (plural conventicles)

1. A secret, unauthorized or illegal religious meeting.
2. The place where such a meeting is held.
3. A Quaker meetinghouse.

Translations

Verb

conventicle (third-person singular simple present conventicles, present participle conventicling, simple past and past participle conventicled)

1. To hold a secret, unauthorized or illegal religious meeting.

References

• Douglas Harper (2001–2021) , “conventicle”, in Online Etymology Dictionary

Middle English

Etymology

From Old French [Term?] or Latin conventus (“assembled, convened”) + -culum (“suffix forming diminutives of nouns”). Conventus is the perfect passive participle of conveni? (“to assemble, convene, meet together”), from con- (“suffix meaning ‘together, with’”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *?óm (“along, at, next to, with”)) + veni? (“to approach, come”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *g?em- (“to step”) + *-yéti (“suffix forming intransitive, imperfective verbs”)). Equivalent to covent +? -icle.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /k?n?v?n.ti.kl(?)/

Noun

conventicle (plural conventicles)

1. an assembly, a gathering, a meeting, especially one that is secret or unlawful
2. (derogatory) a church

Alternative forms

• conventicule

Derived terms

• English: conventicle

References