different between idiom vs discourse
idiom
- For Wiktionary's handling of idioms, see Wiktionary:Idioms
English
Etymology
From Middle French idiome, and its source, Late Latin idioma, from Ancient Greek ?????? (idí?ma, “a peculiarity, property, a peculiar phraseology, idiom”), from ????????? (idioûsthai, “to make one's own, appropriate to oneself”), from ????? (ídios, “one's own, pertaining to oneself, private, personal, peculiar, separate”).
Pronunciation
- (UK) IPA(key): /??d??m/
Noun
idiom (countable and uncountable, plural idioms or idiomata)
- A manner of speaking, a mode of expression peculiar to a language, person, or group of people.
- Synonyms: idiomaticness, idiomaticity
- A language or language variety; specifically, a restricted dialect used in a given historical period, context etc.
- 2010, Christopher Hitchens, "The Other L-Word", Vanity Fair, 13 Jan 2010:
- Many parents and teachers have become irritated to the point of distraction at the way the weed-style growth of "like" has spread through the idiom of the young.
- 2010, Christopher Hitchens, "The Other L-Word", Vanity Fair, 13 Jan 2010:
- An established expression whose meaning may not be not deducible from the literal meanings of its component words, often peculiar to a given language.
- 2008, Patricia Hampl, “You’re History”, in Patricia Hampl and Elaine Tyler May (editors), Tell Me True: Memoir, History, and Writing a Life, Minnesota Historical Society, ?ISBN, page 134:
- You’re history, we say […] . Surely it is an American idiom. Impossible to imagine a postwar European saying, “You’re history. . . . That’s history,” meaning fuhgeddaboudit, pal.
- 2008, Patricia Hampl, “You’re History”, in Patricia Hampl and Elaine Tyler May (editors), Tell Me True: Memoir, History, and Writing a Life, Minnesota Historical Society, ?ISBN, page 134:
- An artistic style (for example, in art, architecture, or music); an instance of such a style.
- (programming) A programming construct or phraseology that is characteristic of the language.
Synonyms
- (language variety): dialect (loosely), language (loosely), languoid, lect, vernacular (loosely)
- (phrase): expression (loosely), form of words (loosely), idiotism, locution (loosely), phrase (loosely)
Derived terms
Related terms
- idiolect
- idiosyncratic
- idiot
Translations
See also
- Category:Idioms by language
Further reading
- American idioms - a comprehensive list of idioms, browsable through alphabetical links. Includes parts of speech, definitions and example sentences.
- English and American Idioms - RSS subscription channel
- Glossary of Linguistics
- Today's English Idioms at GoEnglish.com
- idiom in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
- idiom in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
Anagrams
- imido, imido-, modii
Czech
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [??d?jom]
- Hyphenation: idiom
Noun
idiom m inan
- idiom (established expression whose meaning is not deducible from the literal meanings of its component words)
- 1972, Nový orient:
- P?ed b?žným „Nashledanou", které Peršané vyjad?ují slovy „nech? je B?h vaším opatrovníkem", dáme p?ednost idiomu „vaše laskavost nebo pozornost je (byla) nesmírná" nebo „nech? se vysoká laskavost nezmenší" ...
- 1985, Studie a práce linguistické:
- Stejn? málo významné byly pro IF pokusy p?iblížit význam idiom? ve vágních pojmech p?enesenosti, obraznosti, pr?hlednosti apod.
- 1996, ?asopis pro moderní filologii:
- Trochu konzervativní ?eský uživatel Schemannova slovníku bude možná zpo?átku postrádat u n?kterých idiom? jejich vysv?tlení, jak byl zvyklý kup?íkladu z dosud (do r. 1993) nejobsažn?jšího slovníku tohoto typu ...
- 2005, Zden?k St?íbrný, Proud ?asu:
- Vyjád?il to p?kným anglickým idiomem „They have added insult to your injury“.
- 2014, František ?ermák, Jazyk a slovník. Vybrané lingvistické studie:
- U idiom? pak m?žeme postulovat existenci p?edevším po?etných sekundárních symbol? (otev?ená hlava), pop?. ikon? (kamenný obli?ej), mén? ?asto však už sekundárních index? (co do, kór když).
- 1972, Nový orient:
Declension
Further reading
- idiom in P?íru?ní slovník jazyka ?eského, 1935–1957
- idiom in Slovník spisovného jazyka ?eského, 1960–1971, 1989
- idiom in Akademický slovník cizích slov, 1995, at prirucka.ujc.cas.cz
- idiom in Nový encyklopedický slovník ?eštiny, czechency.org
- ?eská frazeologie, Naše ?e? (1984)
Indonesian
Etymology
From Dutch idioom.
Noun
idiom (first-person possessive idiomku, second-person possessive idiommu, third-person possessive idiomnya)
- idiom (idiomatic expression)
- idiom (artistic style)
- (rare, dated) idiom (language or language variety)
Further reading
- “idiom” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) Daring, Jakarta: Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 2016.
Polish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?id.j?m/
Noun
idiom m inan
- idiom (idiomatic expression)
- idiom (artistic style)
- (rare, dated) idiom (language or language variety)
Declension
Romanian
Etymology
From French idiome
Noun
idiom n (plural idiomuri)
- idiom
Declension
Serbo-Croatian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /id?o?m/
- Hyphenation: i?di?om
Noun
idì?m m (Cyrillic spelling ??????)
- idiom (idiomatic expression)
- idiom (artistic style)
- (linguistics) idiom (language or language variety)
Declension
idiom From the web:
- what idiom means
- what idiomatic means
- what idioms did shakespeare invent
- what idiomatic expression
- what idioms provide in communication
- what idiomatic expression means
discourse
English
Etymology
From Middle English discours, borrowed from Middle French discours (“conversation, speech”), from Latin discursus (“the act of running about”), from Latin discurr? (“run about”), from dis- (“apart”) + curr? (“run”). Spelling modified by influence of Middle French cours (“course”). Doublet of discursus.
Pronunciation
- (mainly noun) IPA(key): /?d?sk??(?)s/
- (mainly verb) IPA(key): /d?s?k??(?)s/
- (rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger) IPA(key): /?d?sko(?)?s/, /d?s?ko(?)?s/
- (non-rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger) IPA(key): /?d?sko?s/, /d?s?ko?s/
Noun
discourse (countable and uncountable, plural discourses)
- (uncountable, archaic) Verbal exchange, conversation.
- 1847, Charlotte Brontë, Jane Eyre, Chapter XVIII
- Two or three of the gentlemen sat near him, and I caught at times scraps of their conversation across the room. At first I could not make much sense of what I heard; for the discourse of Louisa Eshton and Mary Ingram, who sat nearer to me, confused the fragmentary sentences that reached me at intervals.
- 1847, Charlotte Brontë, Jane Eyre, Chapter XVIII
- (uncountable) Expression in words, either speech or writing.
- (countable) A formal lengthy exposition of some subject, either spoken or written.
- The preacher gave us a long discourse on duty.
- (countable) Any rational expression, reason.
- 1692, Robert South, A Discourse Concerning The General Resurrection On Acts xxiv. 15
- difficult, strange, and harsh to the discourses of natural reason
- 1692, Robert South, A Discourse Concerning The General Resurrection On Acts xxiv. 15
- (social sciences, countable) An institutionalized way of thinking, a social boundary defining what can be said about a specific topic (after Michel Foucault).
- 2008, Jane Anna Gordon, Lewis Gordon, A Companion to African-American Studies (page 308)
- But equally important to the emergence of uniquely African-American queer discourses is the refusal of African-American movements for liberation to address adequately issues of sexual orientation and gender identity.
- 2008, Jane Anna Gordon, Lewis Gordon, A Companion to African-American Studies (page 308)
- (obsolete) Dealing; transaction.
- Good Captain Bessus, tell us the discourse / Betwixt Tigranes and our king, and how / We got the victory.
Synonyms
- (expression in words): communication, expression
- (verbal exchange): debate, conversation, discussion, talk
- (formal lengthy exposition of some subject): dissertation, lecture, sermon, study, treatise
- (rational expression): ratiocination
Derived terms
- direct discourse
- indirect discourse
Related terms
- course
- discursive
Translations
Verb
discourse (third-person singular simple present discourses, present participle discoursing, simple past and past participle discoursed)
- (intransitive) To engage in discussion or conversation; to converse.
- (intransitive) To write or speak formally and at length.
- (obsolete, transitive) To debate.
- To exercise reason; to employ the mind in judging and inferring; to reason.
- (Can we find and add a quotation of Dryden to this entry?)
- (obsolete, transitive) To produce or emit (musical sounds).
- c. 1599, William Shakespeare, Hamlet, Act III, Scene 2, [3]
- Hamlet. […] Will you play upon this pipe? […] It is as easy as lying. Govern these ventages with your fingers and thumbs, give it breath with your mouth, and it will discourse most eloquent music.
- 1911, James George Frazer, The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion, Volume II, Part II, Chapter V, p. 233, [4]
- Music discoursed on that melodious instrument, a Jew's harp, keeps the elfin women away from the hunter, because the tongue of the instrument is of steel.
- 1915, Ralph Henry Barbour, The Secret Play, New York: D. Appleton & Co., Chapter XXIII, p. 300 [5]
- Dahl's Silver Cornet Band, augmented for the occasion to the grand total of fourteen pieces, discoursed sweet—well, discoursed music; let us not be too particular as to the quality of it.
- c. 1599, William Shakespeare, Hamlet, Act III, Scene 2, [3]
Synonyms
- (engage in discussion or conversation): converse, talk
- (write or speak formally and at length):
Derived terms
- discourser
Translations
See also
- essay
Anagrams
- discoures, ruscoside
discourse From the web:
- what discourse community do i belong to
- what discourse means
- what discourse communities are you a member of
- what discourse analysis
- what discourse markers
- what discourse is not
- what discourse is prospero going to make
- what discourse is all about
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