different between ich vs dich

English

Etymology 1

From Middle English ich, from Old English i?, i?? (“I”, pronoun), from Proto-Germanic *ik, *ek (“I”, pronoun), from Proto-Indo-European *é?h? (“I”). See also ch-, I.

Alternative forms

• Iche
• che
• 'ch-
• ch-

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /it?/, /?t?/
• Homophones: each, itch

Pronoun

ich

1. (personal, obsolete) I.

Usage notes

Ich was the form of I found in the dialects of the West Country, West Midlands, and Kent. It began to disappear from written English with the onset of the Chancery Standard in the 15th century, yet continued to see limited use through the middle of the 19th century.

The Northern dialectal form, ik (which derives from the same Old English root), likewise disappeared from writing with the onset of the Chancery Standard in the 15th century.

Derived terms

• nich

See also

• chinny reckon

Etymology 2

Clipping of ichthyophthiriasis.

Alternative forms

• ick

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?k/

Noun

ich (uncountable)

1. (ichthyology) Ichthyophthiriasis, a parasitic infection of freshwater fish caused by the ciliate Ichthyophthirius.

Derived terms

• marine ich

Anagrams

• CHI, CIH, Ch'i, Chi, Chi., HCI, chi, hic

Alemannic German

Alternative forms

• i
• ig (Bern)

Etymology

From Middle High German ich, from Old High German ih, from Proto-Germanic *ek, *ik. Cognate with German ich, Dutch ik, English I, ich, Icelandic ég.

Pronunciation

• (Lower Alemannic (Northern Alsace)) IPA^(key): /i?/, /e?/, /i?/ (i is the unstressed pronoun, used after the verb, as in hiit hàw i dìs g'màcht (today I have done this), but it is always ìch before the verb, never i)
• (Higher Alemannic (Southern Alsace)) IPA^(key): /ix/, /ex/, /i?/ (unstressed)
• (Zurich) IPA^(key): /ix/, /i/ (unstressed), IPA^(key): [??x] (stressed)

Pronoun

ich

1. I

Declension

Central Franconian

Alternative forms

• eich (Moselle Franconian, stressed)
• ech (some dialects of Ripuarian; Moselle Franconian, unstressed, enclitic)

Etymology

From Middle High German ich, from Old High German ih, from Proto-Germanic *ek, *ik, from Proto-Indo-European *é?h?. The expected form is ech; the variant ich is from a form *?h with expressive lengthening (compare the corresponding diphthong in Moselle Franconian).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /i?/, [i?]
  • IPA^(key): [e?] ? [??] ? [?] (unstressed; enclitic before a consonant)
  • IPA^(key): [ij] (enclitic before a vowel)
• The enclitic pronunciation is used after verbs and conjunctions (unless the pronoun is stressed).

Pronoun

ich

1. (some dialects of Ripuarian, including Kölsch) I; nominative of the first-person singular personal pronoun

   Dat senn ich op däm Fotto.

   That’s I (or: me) in this photo.

Declension

Ripuarian (regional forms: Aachen [A], Cologne [C]; reduced or unstressed forms: red.):

In other dialects:

• ät (“it”) (Düren)

Cimbrian

Alternative forms

• i (Luserna)

Etymology

From Middle High German ich, from Old High German ih, from Proto-West Germanic *ik, from Proto-Germanic *ek. Cognate with German ich, English I.

Pronoun

ich

1. (Sette Comuni) I

Inflection

References

• “ich” in Martalar, Umberto Martello; Bellotto, Alfonso (1974) Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo
• 2013, Umberto Patuzzi (ed.), Sette Comuni / Siben Komoinen: Le nostre parole – D’ögnar börtar – Unsere Wörter, Comitato unitario delle linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien
• 2013, Umberto Patuzzi (ed.), Luserna / Lusérn: Le nostre parole – Ünsarne börtar – Unsere Wörter, Comitato unitario delle linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien

Crimean Gothic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *ik, from Proto-Indo-European *é?h?.

Pronoun

ich

1. I
   • 1562, Ogier Ghiselin de Busbecq:

     Ich malthata. Ego dico.

East Central German

Etymology

Cognate to German ich.

Pronoun

ich

1. (Silesian, also Breslauisch) I

Declension

• sie/se and es can be contracted into s'e's (= SHG: sie es)

See also

other personal, possessive and reflexive pronouns:

• mei (1st ps. sg. possessive pronoun)
• dei; Dei (2nd ps. sg. possessive pronoun)
• ihr (3rd ps. sg. fem. possessive pronoun)
• unser, ünser / ünser (1st ps. pl. possessive pronoun)
• Ihr; Euch (grammatically: 2nd ps. pl.)
• Sie; Ihn'n (grammatically: 3rd ps. pl.)
• sihch, sich / sich (reflexive pronoun)

Pronoun

ich

1. (Silesian, also Gebirgsschlesisch) I

Declension

Gebirgsschlesisch:

Additionally there are:

• sa (= SHG: sie ihn)
• sa (= SHG: es ihnen)
• marn (= SHG: wir ihn)
• mida (= SHG: mit ihnen; from mit (“with”))

Also:

Additionally there are:

• Ihr, I'r; Eich (Euch) (grammatically: 2nd ps. pl.; semantically: 2nd ps. sg. or pl.)
• Sie, Se; I'n (grammatically: 3rd ps. pl.; semantically: 2nd ps. sg.)

Notes:

• The forms uns, euch, Euch are rare, and could arguably be mistakes or misprints influenced by SHG uns, euch.

See also

possessive and reflexive pronouns - Gebirgsschlesisch:

• mei (1st ps. sg. possessive pronoun)
• dei (2nd ps. sg. possessive pronoun)
• insa (1st ps. pl. possessive pronoun)
• siech (reflexive pronoun)

possessive and reflexive pronouns - also:

• ünser (1st ps. pl.)
• sich (reflexive pronoun)

Pronoun

ich

1. (Silesian, Gebirgsschlesisch) I

Declension

• Nominative: ich
• Dative: mir; mer
• Accusative: mich

See also

other personal and possessive pronouns:

• mei (1st ps. sg. possessive pronoun)
• du, de; dir, der; dich; dei (2nd ps. sg.)
• a; ihm; ihn (3rd ps. sg. m.)
• -'s, -s, -'sch (after r as in mer'sch) (3rd ps. sg. n.)
• sei (3rd ps. sg. m. & n. possessive pronoun)
• se (3rd ps. sg. f.)
• ihr (3rd ps. sg. f. possessive pronoun)
• mer; ins; ins; inser (1st ps. pl.)

Pronoun

ich

1. (Silesian) I

Declension

• Nominative: ich
• Dative: mir; mer
• Accusative: miech; mich

See also

• Du, De; Dir, Der; Diech, Dich (2nd ps. sg.)

Pronoun

ich

1. (Obererzgebirge, Salzungen, Ruhla) I

Declension

Obererzgebirge:

• Nominative: ich
• Dative: mir
• Accusative: mich

Salzungen:

• Nominative: ich
• Dative: me
• Accusative: mich

Ruhla:

Alternative forms

• ig (mer, mig) (Obererzgebirge)

References

• Die Ruhlaer Mundart dargestellt von Karl Regel.   Weimar, Hermann Boehlau. 1868

Pronoun

ich

1. (Oberlausitz, Altenburg, Mansfeld, Niederlausitz) I

Declension

Oberlausitz, Altenburg:

• Nominative: ich; -'ch, 'ch
• Dative: mir
• Accusative: mich

Mansfeld:

• Nominative: ich; -'ch, 'ch
• Dative: mich
• Accusative: mich

Niederlausitz:

• Nominative: ich; -'ich (as in hua-'ich = SHG habe ich), -ich (as in hua-ich = SHG habe ich)
• Dative: merr
• Accusative: merr

See also

• du (2nd ps. sg.)

Pronoun

ich

1. (Nord-Thüringisch, Wasungen, Erzgebirge) I

Declension

Erzgebirge:

• Nominative: îch, ich
• Dative: mir, mr
• Accusative: mîch, mich

Nord-Thüringisch:

Separated by semicolon are: strong/normal form ; weak/enclitic form

Wasungen:

References

• Idioticon der nord-thüringischen Mundart. – Den Bürgern Nordhausens gewidmet von Dr. Martin Schultze.   Nordhausen. Verlag von Ferd. Förstemann. 1874
• Schriften des Vereins für Sachsen-Meiningische Geschichte und Landeskunde. 71. Heft. Inhalt: Die Wasunger Mundart, 2. Teil. Von Kirchenrat Edinhard Reichardt in Meiningen.   Hildburghausen. F. W. Gadow & Sohn, Herzogliche Hofbuchdruckerei. 1914

See also

Erzgebirge:

• mr (1st ps. pl.)
• ihr; eich (2nd ps. pl.)

Nord-Thüringisch:

• sich (reflexive pronoun)

See also

• ech, -'ch, 'ch; mir, mer; mich (Rudolstadt)

German

Alternative forms

• Ich (royal)

Etymology

From Middle High German ich, from Old High German ih, from Proto-Germanic *ek, *ik, from Proto-Indo-European *é?h?.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?ç/
• (Austria)
• Rhymes: -?ç

Pronoun

ich

1. I (first person singular nominative (subject) pronoun)

Declension

In contemporary German, the genitive forms of personal pronouns are restricted to formal style and are infrequent even there. They may be used

• for the genitive object still found in a handful of verbs: Er erbarmte sich meiner. – "He had mercy on me". (Colloquially one would either use the dative case, or a prepositional object, or replace the verb with another.)
• after the preposition statt ("instead of, in place of"): Er kam statt meiner in die Mannschaft. – "He joined the team in my place." This sounds antiquated, and an meiner Statt or an meiner Stelle is preferable (in which case meiner is not a genitive, but a form of the possessive determiner mein).

Derived terms

• Ich n
• lyrisches Ich n

Further reading

• “ich” in Duden online

Hunsrik

Alternative forms

• eich

Etymology

From Middle High German ich, from Old High German ih, from Proto-Germanic *ek, *ik, from Proto-Indo-European *é?h?.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /iç/

Pronoun

ich

1. I

Inflection

Further reading

• Online Hunsrik Dictionary

Jakaltek

Etymology

From Proto-Mayan *iihk.

Noun

ich

1. chili pepper

References

• Church, Clarence; Church, Katherine (1955) Vocabulario castellano-jacalteco, jacalteco-castellano?^[1] (in Spanish), Guatemala C. A.: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, pages 18; 24

Limburgish

Alternative forms

• iech, ik

Etymology

From Old High German ih, from Proto-Germanic *ek, *ik.

Pronunciation

• (most dialects) IPA^(key): [?x]
• (Maastricht) IPA^(key): [ix]

Pronoun

ich (personal)

1. I

Inflection

Luo

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??c/

Noun

ich

1. stomach

Middle English

Etymology

From Old English i? (“I”, pronoun), from Proto-Germanic *ek (“I”, pronoun), from Proto-Indo-European *egom (“I”), *é?h?.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /it?/

Pronoun

ich

1. Alternative form of I

Usage notes

• Ich is the Southern and sometimes Midland form of I in Middle English, which corresponds to ik of the Northern dialect.

Middle High German

Etymology

From Old High German ih

Pronoun

ich

1. (personal) I

Declension

Descendants

• Alemannic German: ich, ig, i

  Sensler: [i?]

  Swabian: i

  Sathmar Swabian: i

• Bavarian: i

  Cimbrian: ich (Setti Comuni), i (Luserna)

  Gottscheerish: i?, ?, i (unstressed), i??e (emphatic)

  Mòcheno: i

• Central Franconian: ich, eich, ech

  Hunsrückisch: äijsch

  Hunsrik: ich [?ç]

  Britten: [æ???], [??]

  Kölsch: ich

• East Central German:

  Erzgebirgisch: iech

  Silesian German: iech

  Upper Saxon: isch, ische

• East Franconian: i, iech
• German: ich
• Luxembourgish: ech
• Rhine Franconian:

  Hessian: aisch

  Pennsylvania German: ich [?ç]

• Vilamovian: ych
• Yiddish: ???? (ikh), ich? (ich)

References

Pennsylvania German

Etymology

From Middle High German ich, from Old High German ih. Compare German ich, Dutch ik, English I, Old Norse ek.

Pronoun

ich

1. I

Declension

Polish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ix/

Pronoun

ich (indeclinable)

1. possessive pronoun for oni or one, namely their or theirs

Pronoun

ich

1. genitive of oni; them
2. genitive of one; them
3. personal masculine accusative of oni; them

See also

• nich
• Appendix:Polish pronouns

Rhine Franconian

Etymology

Cognate to German ich.

Pronoun

ich

1. (Kassel) I

See also

• Du; De (“you (singular)”)

Slovak

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?ix/

Pronoun

ich

(The genitive plural and accusative plural of on (he), ona (she), and one (it).)

1. (possessive) their, theirs
2. them

Further reading

• ich in Slovak dictionaries at slovnik.juls.savba.sk

Swabian

Etymology

Cognate to German ich.

Pronoun

ich

1. (possible less common) I
   • 1863, Jakob Friedrich Schmidt, Gedichte in schwäbischer Mundart von J. F. Schmidt
     • p. 16:

       Daß iar aber it moinet, i dä gar nix dett doba, so habe ich nothwendig Euch zu sagen, daß dau Arbet gnug geit, [...]

       Ich habe zwar nicht nothwendig Euch zu sagen, warum i net mitturna dua, abr [...]

     • P 30:

       „Herr Fürst,“ haut do der Pfortner gsait,
       „Ich habs verstekt da nei,
       Denn da kommt ebn die ganze Zeit
       Kei eiz'ger Mensch nich rei!“

     • P 46:

       Darum will ich ihm iatz deuta,
       Daß mir ganz mit Heaz und Händ
       Alles Loid und alle Freuda
       Redlich mit ihm thoila wend.

Declension

• Nominative: ich (less common); i
• Dative: mir
• Accusative: mi

Alternative forms

• i', i

Descendants

• Sathmar Swabian: i

See also

• Du, dat. Dir, acc. Di (“you (singular)”)
• -s (“it, enclitic”)

Pronoun

ich

1. dative and accusative of ihr (“you (plural)”)

Transylvanian Saxon

Etymology

Cognate to German ich.

Pronoun

ich

1. I

Yola

Etymology

From Middle English ich, from Old English i?, from Proto-West Germanic *ik. Compare obsolete English ich.

Pronoun

ich

1. I

Synonyms

• (clitic) 'ch-

References

• Jacob Poole (1867) , William Barnes, editor, A glossary, with some pieces of verse, of the old dialect of the English colony in the baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, J. Russell Smith, ?ISBN, page 29

Yucatec Maya

Etymology

From Proto-Mayan *Haty.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?it??]

Noun

ich (plural icho?ob)

1. eye
2. face
3. fruit

References

• Beltrán de Santa Rosa María, Pedro (1746) Arte de el idioma maya reducido a succintas reglas, y semilexicon yucateco (in Spanish), Mexico: Por la Biuda de D. Joseph Bernardo de Hogal, page 164: “Ich ssssss s ssss Ojo.”
• Montgomery, John (2004) Maya-English, English-Maya (Yucatec) Dictionary & Phrasebook, New York: Hippocrene Books, Inc., ?ISBN, page 59

Zipser German

Etymology

Cognate to German ich.

Pronoun

ich

1. I

English

Noun

dich (plural diches)

1. Obsolete form of ditch (“a trench”).

Verb

dich (third-person singular simple present diches, present participle diching, simple past and past participle diched)

1. Obsolete form of ditch (“to dig a trench”).

Anagrams

• chid

Cimbrian

Etymology

From Middle High German dich, from Old High German dih (“thee”). Cognate with German dich.

Pronoun

dich

1. (Sette Comuni) accusative of du: you, thee

See also

References

• “dich” in Martalar, Umberto Martello; Bellotto, Alfonso (1974) Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo

German

Alternative forms

• Dich

Etymology

From Old High German dih, akin to Old Saxon th?

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /d?ç/
• Rhymes: -?ç

Pronoun

dich

1. (personal) accusative of du, you, thee (direct object).

2. (reflexive) accusative of du; yourself, thee (direct object).

Further reading

• “dich” in Duden online

Hunsrik

Etymology

From Old High German dih, from Proto-Germanic *þek.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tiç/

Pronoun

dich

1. stressed and unstressed accusative of du: you (direct object), thee.

Inflection

Further reading

• Online Hunsrik Dictionary

Occitan

Verb

dich

1. past participle of dire

Old Irish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /d?ix/

Verb

·dich

1. third-person singular perfective present subjunctive prototonic of téit
2. third-person singular present indicative prototonic of do·fich

Mutation

Pennsylvania German

Etymology

Compare German mich.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /d?ç/

Pronoun

dich

1. you

Declension