different between hurt vs trauma

English

Etymology

From Middle English hurten, hirten, hertan (“to injure, scathe, knock together”), from Old Northern French hurter ("to ram into, strike, collide with"; > Modern French heurter), perhaps from Frankish *h?rt (“a battering ram”), from Proto-Germanic *hr?tan?, *hreutan? (“to fall, beat”), from Proto-Indo-European *krew- (“to fall, beat, smash, strike, break”); however, the earliest instances of the verb in Middle English are as old as those found in Old French, which leads to the possibility that the Middle English word may instead be a reflex of an unrecorded Old English *h?rtan, which later merged with the Old French verb. Germanic cognates include Dutch horten (“to push against, strike”), Middle Low German hurten (“to run at, collide with”), Middle High German hurten (“to push, bump, attack, storm, invade”), Old Norse hrútr (“battering ram”).

Alternate etymology traces Old Northern French hurter rather to Old Norse hrútr (“ram (male sheep)”), lengthened-grade variant of hj?rtr (“stag”), from Proto-Germanic *herutuz, *herutaz (“hart, male deer”), which would relate it to English hart (“male deer”). See hart.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) enPR: hû(r)t, IPA^(key): /h??t/
• (General American) enPR: hûrt, IPA^(key): /h?t/
• Rhymes: -??(?)t

Verb

hurt (third-person singular simple present hurts, present participle hurting, simple past and past participle hurt)

1. (transitive) To cause (a creature) physical pain and/or injury.

2. (transitive) To cause (somebody) emotional pain.

   He was deeply hurt he hadn’t been invited.

3. (intransitive) To be painful.

4. (transitive) To damage, harm, impair, undermine, impede.

   Copying and pasting identical portions of source code hurts maintainability, because the programmer has to keep all those copies synchronized.

Synonyms

• (to be painful): smart
• (to cause physical pain and/or injury): wound, injure, dere

Derived terms

• hurtle
• wouldn't hurt a fly

Translations

See also

• ache

Adjective

hurt (comparative more hurt, superlative most hurt)

1. Wounded, physically injured.
2. Pained.

Synonyms

• (wounded): imbrued, injured, wounded; see also Thesaurus:wounded
• (pained): aching, sore, suffering

Translations

Noun

hurt (plural hurts)

1. An emotional or psychological humiliation or bad experience.
2. (archaic) A bodily injury causing pain; a wound or bruise.
   • 1605, Shakespeare, King Lear vii

     I have received a hurt.

   • The cause is a temperate conglutination ; for both bodies are clammy and viscous , and do bridle the deflux of humours to the hurts , without penning them in too much

   • The pains of sickness and hurts […] all men feel.

3. (archaic) injury; damage; detriment; harm
4. (heraldry) A roundel azure (blue circular spot).
5. (engineering) A band on a trip-hammer helve, bearing the trunnions.
6. A husk.

Translations

Related terms

• hurty

References

Anagrams

• Ruth, Thur, ruth, thru, thur

Polish

Etymology

From Middle High German hurt.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /xurt/

Noun

hurt m inan

1. wholesale

Declension

Derived terms

• (adjective) hurtowy
• (nouns) hurtownia, hurtownik

Further reading

• hurt in Polish dictionaries at PWN

English

Etymology

From Ancient Greek ?????? (traûma, “wound, damage”).

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /?t???.m?/, /?t?a?.m?/

Rhymes: -??m?, -a?m?

• (US) IPA^(key): /?t??.m?/
• (cot–caught merger) IPA^(key): /?t??.m?/
• (cot–caught merger, father-bother merger) IPA^(key): /?t??.m?/

Noun

trauma (countable and uncountable, plural traumas or traumata)

1. Any serious injury to the body, often resulting from violence or an accident.
2. An emotional wound leading to psychological injury.
3. An event that causes great distress.

Derived terms

• phonotrauma
• traumatism
• traumatise/traumatize
• trauma incidence reduction

Descendants

• ? Japanese: ????

Translations

References

• trauma at OneLook Dictionary Search
• trauma in Keywords for Today: A 21st Century Vocabulary, edited by The Keywords Project, Colin MacCabe, Holly Yanacek, 2018.
• trauma in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

Anagrams

• Murata, Tamura, matura

Catalan

Etymology

From Ancient Greek ?????? (traûma).

Pronunciation

• (Balearic, Central) IPA^(key): /?t?aw.m?/
• (Valencian) IPA^(key): /?t?aw.ma/

Noun

trauma m (plural traumes)

1. trauma

Derived terms

• traumatitzar

Related terms

• traumàtic

Further reading

• “trauma” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “trauma” in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana.
• “trauma” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “trauma” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Czech

Etymology

From Ancient Greek ?????? (traûma, “wound”) via German Trauma.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?tra??ma/

Noun

trauma n

1. trauma

Declension

Related terms

• traumatický
• traumatizovat
• traumatologie

References

Dutch

Etymology

Borrowed internationalism, ultimately from Ancient Greek ?????? (traûma, “wound”). This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?tr?u?.ma?/
• Hyphenation: trau?ma

Noun

trauma n (plural trauma's or traumata, diminutive traumaatje n)

1. trauma

Derived terms

• hoofdtrauma
• traumatisch
• traumatiseren
• traumatalogie

Descendants

• ? Indonesian: trauma

Finnish

Etymology

< Ancient Greek ?????? (traûma, “wound”).

Noun

trauma

1. trauma

Declension

Anagrams

• maarut, murtaa

French

Etymology

From the Ancient Greek ?????? (traûma, “wound”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t?o.ma/

Noun

trauma m (plural traumas)

1. (medicine) trauma (a localised injury produced by an external action)
2. (psychology and psychoanalysis, elliptical use for trauma psychique) psychic trauma

Synonyms

• (psychic trauma): traumatisme psychique

Derived terms

• trauma acoustique
• trauma auditif
• trauma parodontal
• trauma psychique
• trauma sonore

References

• “trauma” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Galician

Etymology

From Ancient Greek ?????? (traûma, “wound, damage”).

Noun

trauma m (plural traumas)

1. an emotional wound
2. (medicine) trauma; serious physical injury

Related terms

• traumático
• traumatismo
• traumatizar

Interlingua

Noun

trauma (plural traumas)

1. trauma

Related terms

• traumatic

Indonesian

Etymology

From Dutch trauma, from Ancient Greek ?????? (traûma, “wound, damage”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?trau?ma]
• Hyphenation: trau?ma

Noun

trauma (first-person possessive traumaku, second-person possessive traumamu, third-person possessive traumanya)

1. trauma:
   1. an event that causes great distress.
   2. (psychology, psychiatry) an emotional wound leading to psychological injury.
   3. (surgery) any serious injury to the body, often resulting from violence or an accident.

      Synonym: rudapaksa

Related terms

Further reading

• “trauma” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) Daring, Jakarta: Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 2016.

Italian

Etymology

From Ancient Greek ?????? (traûma, “wound, damage”).

Noun

trauma m (plural traumi)

1. trauma

Anagrams

• matura, murata

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?træ??.m?/ (example of pronunciation)

Noun

trauma n (definite singular traumaet, indefinite plural trauma, definite plural traumaa)

1. alternative form of traume

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /²træ??.m?/ (example of pronunciation)

Noun

trauma n

1. definite plural of traume

Polish

Etymology

From English trauma, from Ancient Greek ?????? (traûma).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?traw.ma/

Noun

trauma f

1. (medicine) trauma (serious injury to the body)

   Synonym: uraz

2. (psychology) trauma (emotional wound)

Declension

Related terms

• (verb) traumatyzowa?
• (nouns) traumatyk, traumatyzm, traumatyzacja, traumatolog, traumatologia
• (adjectives) traumatyczny, traumatologiczny

Further reading

• trauma in Wielki s?ownik j?zyka polskiego, Instytut J?zyka Polskiego PAN
• trauma in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Portuguese

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -awma

Noun

trauma m (plural traumas)

1. trauma (emotional wound)
2. trauma (event that causes great distress)
3. (medicine) trauma (serious injury to the body)

   Synonym: traumatismo

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tr?uma/
• Hyphenation: tra?u?ma

Noun

tràuma f (Cyrillic spelling ???????)

1. trauma

Declension

Spanish

Etymology

From Ancient Greek ?????? (traûma, “wound, damage”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?t?auma/, [?t??au?.ma]
• Hyphenation: trau?ma

Noun

trauma m (plural traumas)

1. (medicine, psychology) trauma
2. injury; harm

Derived terms

• antitrauma
• traumatizar
• traumático
• traumatizante
• traumado

Anagrams

• mutara
• mutará