different between humour vs temperament

English

Alternative forms

• humor (American)

Etymology

From Middle English humour, from Old French humor, from Latin humor, correctly umor (“moisture”), from hum?, correctly um? (“to be moist”).

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?hju?.m?(?)/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /?hju?m?/, /?ju?m?/
• Hyphenation: hu?mour
• Rhymes: -u?m?(?)

Noun

humour (usually uncountable, plural humours) (British spelling)

1. (uncountable) The quality of being amusing, comical, funny. [from the early 18th c.]
   • 1774, Oliver Goldsmith, Retaliation

     For thy sake I admit / That a Scot may have humour, I'd almost said wit.

   • A great deal of excellent humour was expended on the perplexities of mine host.

   Synonyms: amusingness, comedy, comicality, wit

2. (uncountable) A mood, especially a bad mood; a temporary state of mind or disposition brought upon by an event; an abrupt illogical inclination or whim.
   • 1625, Francis Bacon, Apophthegms

     a prince of a pleasant humour

   • 1684, Lord Roscommon, Essay on Translated Verse

     Examine how your humour is inclined, / And which the ruling passion of your mind.

   • Is my friend all perfection, all virtue and discretion? Has he not humours to be endured?

   Synonym: mood

3. (archaic or historical) Any of the fluids in an animal body, especially the four "cardinal humours" of blood, yellow bile, black bile and phlegm that were believed to control the health and mood of the human body.
   • , Book I, New York 2001,page 147:

     A humour is a liquid or fluent part of the body, comprehended in it, for the preservation of it; and is either innate or born with us, or adventitious and acquisite.

   • 1763, Antoine-Simon Le Page Du Pratz, History of Louisisana (PG), (tr. 1774) page 42:

     For some days a fistula lacrymalis had come into my left eye, which discharged an humour, when pressed, that portended danger.

   Synonym: bodily fluid

4. (medicine) Either of the two regions of liquid within the eyeball, the aqueous humour and vitreous humour.
5. (obsolete) Moist vapour, moisture.

Synonyms

• (something funny): comedy, wit, witticism

Derived terms

Related terms

Descendants

• ? Korean: ?? (yumeo)

Translations

Verb

humour (third-person singular simple present humours, present participle humouring, simple past and past participle humoured)

1. (transitive) To pacify by indulging.

Translations

See also

• humour on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

French

Etymology

Borrowed from English humour. Doublet of humeur.

Pronunciation

• ^{(mute h)} IPA^(key): /y.mu?/
• Rhymes: -u?

Noun

humour m (plural humours)

1. humor; comic effect in a communication or performance.

Derived terms

Further reading

• “humour” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Italian

Etymology

From English humour.

Noun

humour m (invariable)

1. sense of humour

Further reading

• humour in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

Middle English

Alternative forms

• humore, umour, humor, humur, humer

Etymology

From Old French humor, from Latin h?mor, ?mor.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /iu??mu?r/, /?iu?mur/

Noun

humour (plural humours)

1. A "cardinal humour" (four liquids believed to affect health and mood)
2. A bodily liquid or substance that causes disease or affliction.
3. A bodily liquid or substance that is caused by disease.
4. One of the two (usually reckoned as three or four) fluidous portions of the eye.
5. Any fluid; something which flows or moves in a fluidous manner:
   1. The liquid contained within a plant; plant juices.
   2. (rare) A liquid of the human body (e.g. blood)
6. A mist or gas; a substance dissipated in the air.
7. (rare) One of the four classical elements (fire, earth, air, and water).

Descendants

• English: humour, humor
• Scots: humour

References

• “h?m?ur, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-12-09.

See also

• (four humours) flewme,? coler,? malencolie,? sanguine ^[edit]

Old French

Noun

humour m or f

1. (Anglo-Norman) Alternative form of humor

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Middle French tempérament, from Latin temperamentum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?t?mp???m?nt/, /?t?mp??m?nt/, /?t?mp??m?nt/

Noun

temperament (countable and uncountable, plural temperaments)

1. (obsolete) A moderate and proportionable mixture of elements or ingredients in a compound; the condition in which elements are mixed in their proper proportions.
2. (obsolete) Any state or condition as determined by the proportion of its ingredients or the manner in which they are mixed; consistence, composition; mixture.
3. A person's usual manner of thinking, behaving or reacting.
4. A tendency to become irritable or angry.
5. (music) The altering of certain intervals from their correct values in order to improve the moving from key to key.
6. (psychology) Individual differences in behavior that are biologically based and are relatively independent of learning, system of values and attitudes.

Translations

References

• John A. Simpson and Edward S. C. Weiner, editors (1989) , “temperament”, in The Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford: Clarendon Press, ?ISBN

Dutch

Etymology

Borrowed from Middle French tempérament, from Latin temperamentum.

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: tem?pe?ra?ment

Noun

temperament n (plural temperamenten, diminutive temperamentje n)

1. (psychology) the usual mood of a person, or typical manner of thinking, behaving, and acting; temperament, temper, mood

   Oorspronkelijk waren in de Griekse oudheid de temperamenten de naam voor vier persoonlijkheidstypen: het sanguïnische, flegmatische, cholerische en melancholische temperament.^[1]

   Originally, in Greek antiquity, the temperaments were the names of the four personality types: the sanguine, phlegmatic, choleric and melancholy temperaments.

2. temperament: a tendency to become irritable or angry, temper
3. (music) temperament: a specific system of note pitches of a musical instrument

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Latin temperamentum

Noun

temperament n (definite singular temperamentet, indefinite plural temperament or temperamenter, definite plural temperamenta or temperamentene)

1. temperament
2. a temperamental nature

Derived terms

• temperamentsfull

References

• “temperament” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
• “temperament” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Latin temperamentum

Noun

temperament n (definite singular temperamentet, indefinite plural temperament, definite plural temperamenta)

1. temperament
2. a temperamental nature

Derived terms

• temperamentsfull

References

• “temperament” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Polish

Etymology

From Latin temperamentum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t?m.p??ra.m?nt/

Noun

temperament m inan (diminutive temperamencik)

1. temperament, character

Declension

Further reading

• temperament in Wielki s?ownik j?zyka polskiego, Instytut J?zyka Polskiego PAN
• temperament in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Romanian

Etymology

From French tempérament, from Latin temperamentum.

Noun

temperament n (plural temperamente)

1. temperament

Declension

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Borrowed from German Temperament, from Latin temperamentum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /temper?ment/
• Hyphenation: tem?pe?ra?ment

Noun

temperàment m (Cyrillic spelling ????????????)

1. (psychology) temperament

Declension

References

• “temperament” in Hrvatski jezi?ni portal