different between horrid vs baleful
horrid
English
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin horridus (“rough, bristly, savage, shaggy, rude”), from horrere (“to bristle”). See horrent, horror, ordure.
Pronunciation
- (UK) IPA(key): /?h???d/
- (US) IPA(key): /?h???d/
Adjective
horrid (comparative horrider or more horrid, superlative horridest or most horrid)
- (archaic) Bristling, rough, rugged.
- 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queen, I-vii-31, 2007, A. C. Hamilton (editor), Spenser: The Faerie Qveene, Revised 2nd Edition, page 98,
- His haughtie Helmet, horrid all with gold, // Both glorious brightnesse and great terror bredd.
- 1637, John Milton, Comus (A Mask Presented at Ludlow Castle, 1634), 1852, Henry John Todd (editor), The Poetical Works of John Milton, Volume 4, 5th Edition, page 113,
- Yea there, where very Desolation dwells, / By grots and caverns shagg'd with horrid shades, / She may pass on with unblench'd majesty, / Be it not done in pride, or in presumption.
- 1697, John Dryden, The Works of Virgil: Aeneis, Book IX, 1779, The Works of the English Poets, Volume 18: Dryden's Virgil: Volume II, page 248,
- Horrid with fern, and intricate with thorn, / Few paths of human feet, or tracks of beasts, were worn.
- 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queen, I-vii-31, 2007, A. C. Hamilton (editor), Spenser: The Faerie Qveene, Revised 2nd Edition, page 98,
- Causing horror or dread.
- Synonyms: see Thesaurus:frightening
- 1606 William Shakespeare, The Tragedy of Macbeth, IV-iii, 1843, The Works of Shakespere, Volume 2: Tragedies, unnumbered page,
- Not in the legions / Of horrid hell, can come a devil more damned / In evils, to top Macbeth.
- 1611 William Shakespeare, Cymbeline, King of Britain, IV-ii, 1821, The Dramatic Works of William Shakspeare, Volume V, page 369,
- Give colour to my pale cheek with thy blood, / that we the horrider may seem to those / Which chance to find us;
- 1622, John Fletcher, Philip Massinger, The Sea Voyage, V-iv, 1866, The Works of Beaumont and Fletcher, Volume 2, page 327,
- Set out the altar! I myself will be / The priest, and boldly do those horrid rites / You shake to think on.
- 1885 Alfred Tennyson, Idylls of the King: Merlin and Vivien, 1870, The Poetical Works of Alfred Tennyson, Poet Laureate, page 166,
- What say ye then to fair Sir Percivale, / And of the horrid foulness that he wrought,
- Offensive, disagreeable, abominable, execrable.
- 1668 October 23, Samuel Pepys, Diary, 1858, Diary and Correspondence of Samuel Pepys, F.R.S., Volume 4, 6th Edition, page 39,
- My Lord Chief Justice Keeling hath laid the constable by the heels to answer it next Sessions: which is a horrid shame.
- 1714, Alexander Pope, The Rape of the Lock, Canto IV, 1836, The Poetical Works of Alexander Pope, Esq., page 68,
- Methinks already I your tears survey, / Already hear the horrid things they say,
- 1668 October 23, Samuel Pepys, Diary, 1858, Diary and Correspondence of Samuel Pepys, F.R.S., Volume 4, 6th Edition, page 39,
Usage notes
- According to OED, horrid and horrible were originally almost synonymous, but in modern use horrid is somewhat less strong and tending towards the "offensive, disagreeable" sense.
Synonyms
- abominable
- alarming
- appalling
- awful
- dire
- dreadful
- frightful
- harrowing
- hideous
- horrible
- revolting
- shocking
- terrific
Translations
References
- horrid in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
- horrid in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
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baleful
English
Alternative forms
- balefull (archaic)
Etymology
From Middle English baleful, balful, baluful, from Old English bealuful, which being equivalent to bealu +? -ful. Surface analysis as bale (“evil, woe”) +? -ful. See bale for further etymology.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?be?l.f?l/
Adjective
baleful (comparative more baleful, superlative most baleful)
- Portending evil; ominous.
- 1873, James Thomson (B.V.), The City of Dreadful Night
- The street-lamps burn amid the baleful glooms,
- Amidst the soundless solitudes immense
- Of ranged mansions dark and still as tombs.
- 1938, Xavier Herbert, Capricornia, New York: D. Appleton-Century, 1943, Chapter XII, p. 194, [1]
- […] he went off alone with his family, and, watched by the day's red baleful eye, pumped the pump-car homeward, […]
- 1949, Naomi Replansky, “Complaint of the Ignorant Wizard” in Ring Song (published 1952):
- I learned the speech of birds; now every tree
Screams out to me a baleful prophecy.
- I learned the speech of birds; now every tree
- 1873, James Thomson (B.V.), The City of Dreadful Night
- Miserable, wretched, distressed, suffering.
- 1674, John Milton, Paradise Lost (Book I), line 56
- round he throws his baleful eyes, that witnessed huge affliction and dismay ...
- 1674, John Milton, Paradise Lost (Book I), line 56
Derived terms
- balefully
- unbaleful
Translations
Middle English
Alternative forms
- balful, baluful, balefulle, balefule, balleful, balefull, balful, balfulle
Etymology
From Old English bealuful; equivalent to bale +? -ful.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?ba?lful/, /?balful/
Adjective
baleful
- evil, horrible, malicious
- (rare) dangerous, harmful, injurious
- (rare) worthless, petty, lowly
Derived terms
- balfulli
Descendants
- English: baleful
References
- “b?leful, adj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-05-19.
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