different between hole vs drift

English

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /h??l/, [h???], [h???]
• Rhymes: -??l
• (US) IPA^(key): /ho?l/, [ho??]
• Rhymes: -o?l
• Homophone: whole (depends on accent)

Etymology 1

From Middle English hole, hol, from Old English hol (“orifice, hollow place, cavity”), from Proto-West Germanic *hol, from Proto-Germanic *hul? (“hollow space, cavity”) noun derivative of Proto-Germanic *hulaz (“hollow”).

Noun

hole (plural holes)

1. A hollow place or cavity; an excavation; a pit; an opening in or through a solid body, a fabric, etc.; a perforation; a rent; a fissure.

   • The priest took a chest, and bored a hole in the lid.

   • 1840, Alfred Tennyson, Godiva:

     […] her palfrey’s footfall shot
     Light horrors thro’ her pulses: the blind walls
     Were full of chinks and holes; and overhead
     Fantastic gables, crowding, stared: […]
   1. An opening in a solid.

2. (heading) In games.
   1. (golf) A subsurface standard-size hole, also called cup, hitting the ball into which is the object of play. Each hole, of which there are usually eighteen as the standard on a full course, is located on a prepared surface, called the green, of a particular type grass.
   2. (golf) The part of a game in which a player attempts to hit the ball into one of the holes.

   3. (baseball) The rear portion of the defensive team between the shortstop and the third baseman.

   4. (chess) A square on the board, with some positional significance, that a player does not, and cannot in future, control with a friendly pawn.
   5. (stud poker) A card (also called a hole card) dealt face down thus unknown to all but its holder; the status in which such a card is.
   6. In the game of fives, part of the floor of the court between the step and the pepperbox.
3. (archaeology, slang) An excavation pit or trench.
4. (figuratively) A weakness; a flaw or ambiguity.
   • 2011, Fun - We Are Young

     But between the drinks and subtle things / The holes in my apologies, you know / I’m trying hard to take it back

5. (informal) A container or receptacle.

6. (physics) In semiconductors, a lack of an electron in an occupied band behaving like a positively charged particle.
7. (computing) A security vulnerability in software which can be taken advantage of by an exploit.
8. (slang, anatomy) An orifice, in particular the anus. When used with shut it always refers to the mouth.

9. (Ireland, Scotland, particularly in the phrase "get one's hole") Sex, or a sex partner.

   Are you going out to get your hole tonight?

10. (informal, with "the") Solitary confinement, a high-security prison cell often used as punishment.

    Synonym: box

    • 2011, Ahmariah Jackson, IAtomic Seven, Locked Up but Not Locked Down

      Disciplinary actions can range from a mere write up to serious time in the hole.

11. (slang) An undesirable place to live or visit; a hovel.

12. (figuratively) Difficulty, in particular, debt.

13. (graph theory) A chordless cycle in a graph.
14. (slang, rail transport) A passing loop; a siding provided for trains traveling in opposite directions on a single-track line to pass each other.

Synonyms

• See also Thesaurus:hole
• (solitary confinement): administrative segregation, ad-seg, block (UK), box, cooler (UK), hotbox, lockdown, pound, SCU, security housing unit, SHU, special handling unit

Derived terms

Descendants

• ? Japanese: ??? (h?ru)
• Sranan Tongo: olo

Translations

Verb

hole (third-person singular simple present holes, present participle holing, simple past and past participle holed)

1. (transitive) To make holes in (an object or surface).

2. (transitive, by extension) To destroy.

3. (intransitive) To go into a hole.
4. (transitive) To drive into a hole, as an animal, or a billiard ball or golf ball.
   • 1799, Sporting Magazine (volume 13, page 49)

     If the player holes the red ball, he scores three, and upon holing his adversary's ball, he gains two; and thus it frequently happens, that seven are got upon a single stroke, by caramboling and holing both balls.

5. (transitive) To cut, dig, or bore a hole or holes in.

   to hole a post for the insertion of rails or bars

Derived terms

• holeable
• holer
• hole out
• hole up

Translations

Etymology 2

Adjective

hole (comparative holer or more hole, superlative holest or most hole)

1. Obsolete form of whole.
   • 1843, Sir George Webbe Dasent (translator), A grammar of the Icelandic or Old Norse tongue (originally by Rasmus Christian Rask)

     Such was the arrangement of the alphabet over the hole North.

Anagrams

• Hoel, OHLE, helo, ohel, oleh

Czech

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [??ol?]

Noun

hole

1. inflection of h?l:
   1. genitive singular
   2. nominative/accusative/vocative plural

Verb

hole

1. masculine singular present transgressive of holit

German

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?ho?l?/

Verb

hole

1. inflection of holen:
   1. first-person singular present
   2. first/third-person singular subjunctive I
   3. singular imperative

Hausa

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?hó?.lè?/

Verb

h?l? (grade 4)

1. to relax, to enjoy oneself

Middle English

Etymology 1

From Old English h?l

Adjective

hole

1. healthy
2. safe
3. whole, complete, full

Alternative forms

• hol, ol, ole, hoal, hoale, hoel, hoil, hoille, holle, wholle
• hal, hale, halle (Northern)

References

• “h?l(e, adj.(2).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Adverb

hole

1. wholly

Alternative forms

• hol

References

• “h?l(e, adv.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Noun

hole (plural holes)

1. whole, entirety
2. health
3. remedy, cure

Alternative forms

• hol

References

• “h?l(e, n.(3).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Descendants

• English: whole
• Scots: hole, holl

Etymology 2

From Old English hol

Noun

hole (plural holes or holen)

1. hole

Alternative forms

• hol, ol, ole, holle, hoil, houl, hul

Descendants

• English: hole
• Scots: hole

References

• “h??l(e, n.(2).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Etymology 3

From Old English hulu; see hull for more.

Noun

hole (plural holes)

1. hull (outer covering of a fruit or seed)
2. hut, shelter
3. hull (of a ship)

Alternative forms

• hol, holle, hul, hule, ule, hulle, ulle, hoile, huole

Descendants

• English: hull
• Scots: huil

References

• “hol(e, n.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Etymology 4

Verb

hole

1. past participle of helen (“to cover”)

   Synonym: heled

Alternative forms

• holn

Etymology 5

Adjective

hole

1. Alternative form of hol (“hollow”)

Etymology 6

Noun

hole (uncountable)

1. Alternative form of oile (“oil”)

Etymology 7

Noun

hole (plural holen)

1. Alternative form of oule (“owl”)

Etymology 8

Adjective

hole

1. Alternative form of holy (“holy”)

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Old Norse hola

Noun

hole f or m (definite singular hola or holen, indefinite plural holer, definite plural holene)

1. alternative form of hule

References

• “hole” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Alternative forms

• hòle

Etymology

From Old Norse hola

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /²ho?l?/

Noun

hole f (definite singular hola, indefinite plural holer, definite plural holene)

1. a cave
2. a cavity (anatomy)
3. a den

Derived terms

• augehole

References

• “hole” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Pennsylvania German

Etymology

From Middle High German holen, from Old High German holon, from Proto-Germanic *hul?n? (“to fetch”). Compare German holen, Dutch halen. Related to English haul.

Verb

hole

1. to fetch

Slovak

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [??ole]

Noun

hole f

1. genitive singular of ho?a

Sotho

Noun

hole 17 (uncountable)

1. far away

English

Etymology

From Middle English drift, dryft (“act of driving, drove, shower of rain or snow, impulse”), from Old English *drift (“drift”), from Proto-Germanic *driftiz (“drift”), from Proto-Indo-European *d?reyb?- (“to drive, push”). Equivalent to drive +? -th; cognate with North Frisian drift (“drift”), Saterland Frisian Drift (“current, flow, stream, drift”), Dutch drift (“drift, passion, urge”), German Drift (“drift”) and Trift (“drove, pasture”), Swedish drift (“impulse, instinct”), Icelandic drift (“drift, snow-drift”).

Pronunciation

• enPR: dr?ft, IPA^(key): /d??ft/
• Rhymes: -?ft

Noun

drift (countable and uncountable, plural drifts)

1. (physical) Movement; that which moves or is moved.
   1. Anything driven at random.

      • Some log perhaps upon the waters swam, a useless drift.

   2. A mass of matter which has been driven or forced onward together in a body, or thrown together in a heap, etc., especially by wind or water.
      • 1855, Elisha Kent Kane, Arctic explorations: The second Grinnell expedition in search of Sir John Franklin

        We […] got the brig a good bed in the rushing drift [of ice].

      • 2012, David L. Culp, The Layered Garden: Design Lessons for Year-Round Beauty from Brandywine Cottage, Timber Press, page 168:

        Many of these ground-layer plants were placed in naturalistic drifts to make it appear as if they were sowing themselves.

   3. The distance through which a current flows in a given time.
   4. A drove or flock, as of cattle, sheep, birds.
      • 1655, Thomas Fuller, The History of the University of Cambridge since the Conquest

        cattle coming over the bridge (with their great drifts doing much damage to the high ways)

   5. A collection of loose earth and rocks, or boulders, which have been distributed over large portions of the earth's surface, especially in latitudes north of forty degrees, by the retreat of continental glaciers, such as that which buries former river valleys and creates young river valleys.
      • 1867, E. Andrews, "Observations on the Glacial Drift beneath the bed of Lake Michigan," American Journal of Science and Arts, vol. 43, nos. 127-129, page 75:

        It is there seen that at a distance from the valleys of streams, the old glacial drift usually comes to the surface, and often rises into considerable eminences.

   6. Driftwood included in flotsam washed up onto the beach.
   7. (obsolete) A driving; a violent movement.
      • 1332, author unknown, King Alisaunder

        The dragon drew him [self] away with drift of his wings.

   8. Course or direction along which anything is driven; setting.
      • 1589, Richard Hakluyt The Principal Navigations

        Our drift was south.

   9. That which is driven, forced, or urged along.
2. The act or motion of drifting; the force which impels or drives; an overpowering influence or impulse.
   • 1678, Robert South, Prevention of Sin an unvaluable Mercy, sermon preached at Christ-Church, Oxon on November 10, 1678

     A bad man, being under the drift of any passion, will follow the impulse of it till something interpose.

3. A place (a ford) along a river where the water is shallow enough to permit crossing to the opposite side.
4. The tendency of an act, argument, course of conduct, or the like; object aimed at or intended; intention; hence, also, import or meaning of a sentence or discourse; aim.
   • c. early 1700s, Joseph Addison, A Discourse on Ancient and Modern Learning

     He has made the drift of the whole poem a compliment on his country in general.
5. (architecture) The horizontal thrust or pressure of an arch or vault upon the abutments.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Knight to this entry?)

6. (handiwork) A tool.
   1. A slightly tapered tool of steel for enlarging or shaping a hole in metal, by being forced or driven into or through it; a broach.
   2. A tool used to pack down the composition contained in a rocket, or like firework.
   3. A tool used to insert or extract a removable pin made of metal or hardwood, for the purpose of aligning and/or securing two pieces of material together.
7. A deviation from the line of fire, peculiar to oblong projectiles.
8. (uncountable) Minor deviation of audio or video playback from its correct speed.
   • 1975, Broadcast Management/engineering (volume 11)

     Reference sync servo system — permits minimal time-base error, assuring minimum jitter and drift.

9. (uncountable, film) The situation where a performer gradually and unintentionally moves from their proper location within the scene.
   • 1970, Michael Pate, The Film Actor: Acting for Motion Pictures and Television (page 64)

     There is another form of drift when playing in a scene with other actors.

10. (mining) A passage driven or cut between shaft and shaft; a driftway; a small subterranean gallery; an adit or tunnel.
11. (nautical) Movement.
    1. The angle which the line of a ship's motion makes with the meridian, in drifting.
    2. The distance a vessel is carried off from her desired course by the wind, currents, or other causes.
    3. The place in a deep-waisted vessel where the sheer is raised and the rail is cut off, and usually terminated with a scroll, or driftpiece.
    4. The distance between the two blocks of a tackle.
    5. The difference between the size of a bolt and the hole into which it is driven, or between the circumference of a hoop and that of the mast on which it is to be driven.
12. (cricket) A sideways movement of the ball through the air, when bowled by a spin bowler.
13. Slow, cumulative change.

Derived terms

Translations

Verb

drift (third-person singular simple present drifts, present participle drifting, simple past and past participle drifted)

1. (intransitive) To move slowly, especially pushed by currents of water, air, etc.
2. (intransitive) To move haphazardly without any destination.

3. (intransitive) To deviate gently from the intended direction of travel.
4. (transitive) To drive or carry, as currents do a floating body.
   • 1865-1866, John Henry Newman, Apologia Pro Vita Sua

     I was drifted back first to the ante - Nicene history , and then to the Church of Alexandria

5. (transitive) To drive into heaps.

6. (intransitive) To accumulate in heaps by the force of wind; to be driven into heaps.

7. (mining, US) To make a drift; to examine a vein or ledge for the purpose of ascertaining the presence of metals or ores; to follow a vein; to prospect.
8. (transitive, engineering) To enlarge or shape, as a hole, with a drift.
9. (automotive) To oversteer a vehicle, causing loss of traction, while maintaining control from entry to exit of a corner. See Drifting (motorsport).

Derived terms

Translations

Danish

Etymology

From Old Norse drift, from Proto-Germanic *driftiz, cognate with Swedish drift, English drift, German Trift, Dutch drift. Derived form the verb *dr?ban? (“to drive”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dreft/, [?d??æfd?]

Noun

drift c (singular definite driften, plural indefinite drifter)

1. (uncountable) operation, running (of a company, a service or a mashine)
2. (uncountable) service (of public transport)
3. (psychology) drive, urge, desire
4. (uncountable) drift (slow movement in the water or the air)
5. drove (driven animals)

Derived terms

References

• “drift” in Den Danske Ordbog

Dutch

Etymology

From Middle Dutch drift, also dricht, from Old Dutch *drift, from Proto-West Germanic *drifti, from Proto-Germanic *driftiz.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dr?ft/
• Hyphenation: drift
• Rhymes: -?ft

Noun

drift f (plural driften)

1. passion
2. strong and sudden upwelling of anger: a fit
3. urge, strong desire
4. violent tendency
5. flock (of sheep or oxen)
6. deviation of direction caused by wind: drift
7. path along which cattle are driven

Derived terms

• driftig
• geestdriftig
• aandrift
• geestdrift
• sneeuwdrift
• driftbui
• driftkikker
• driftsneeuw

Descendants

• Afrikaans: drif

Icelandic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tr?ft/

Noun

drift f (genitive singular driftar, nominative plural driftir)

1. snowdrift

Declension

Synonyms

• drífa

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Old Norse drift

Noun

drift f or m (definite singular drifta or driften, indefinite plural drifter, definite plural driftene)

1. operation (av / of)

Derived terms

References

• “drift” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Old Norse drift

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dr?ft/

Noun

drift f (definite singular drifta, indefinite plural drifter, definite plural driftene)

1. operation (av / of)
2. drift (being carred by currents)
3. drive (motivation)

Derived terms

• driftskostnad
• driftsmessig
• firehjulsdrift
• gruvedrift

References

• “drift” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Norse dript, from Proto-Germanic *driftiz.

Noun

drift c

1. urge, instinct
2. operation, management (singular only)

Declension