different between herb vs arbor

English

Etymology

From Middle English erbe, from Old French erbe (French herbe), from Latin herba. Initial h was restored to the spelling in the 15th century on the basis on Latin, but it remained mute until the 19th century and still is for many speakers.

Pronunciation

• (UK, General Australian, General New Zealand) enPR: hû(r)b, IPA^(key): /h??b/
• (US, Canada) enPR: (h)ûrb, IPA^(key): /(h)?b/
• North American pronunciation of the word varies; some speakers include the h-sound and others omit it, with the h-less pronunciation being the more common. Individual speakers are usually consistent in their choice, but the choice does not appear to be correlated with any regional, socioeconomic, or educational distinctions.
• Outside of North America, the h-less pronunciation is restricted to speakers who have a general tendency to "drop the h" in all words.
• Rhymes: -??(?)b
• Homophone: Herb (for the pronunciation /h??(?)b/)

Noun

herb (countable and uncountable, plural herbs)

1. (countable) Any green, leafy plant, or parts thereof, used to flavour or season food.
2. (countable) A plant whose roots, leaves or seeds, etc. are used in medicine.

3. (uncountable, slang) Cannabis.

   Synonyms: grass, weed; see also Thesaurus:marijuana
4. (countable, botany) A plant whose stem is not woody and does not persist beyond each growing season
5. (uncountable, obsolete) Grass; herbage.

Hyponyms

• See also Thesaurus:seasoning

Related terms

Translations

Anagrams

• Behr, Hebr., breh, hreb

German

Etymology

From Middle High German hare, here (inflected harwe, herwe), from Old High German *haro, from Proto-West Germanic *haru.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /h?rp/, [h???p], [h??p]

Adjective

herb (comparative herber, superlative am herbsten)

1. (of food and drink, e.g. beer) slightly bitter or sharp to the taste, often in a pleasant way; tart (but not in the sense of “sour”)
2. (figuratively, chiefly of events or deeds) harsh; hard

Declension

Derived terms

• Herbheit

Further reading

• “herb” in Duden online

Polish

Etymology

From Old Czech herb, from Middle High German erbe (“heritage”). Compare German Erbe.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /x?rp/

Noun

herb m inan

1. (heraldry) coat of arms
2. (heraldry) armigerous clan; cf. Polish heraldry

Declension

Descendants

• Russian: ???? (gerb)
  • Latvian: ?erbonis
• Yiddish: ????? (herb)

Zazaki

Alternative forms

• herf

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /herb/

Noun

herb

1. (dated) war

Synonyms

• lec
• lej

English

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -??(r)b?(r)

Etymology 1

From Middle English arbour, erbour, from Old French erbier (“field, meadow, kitchen garden”), from erbe (“grass, herb”), from Latin herba (“grass, herb”) (English herb). (Compare Late Latin herb?rium, although erbier is possibly an independent formation.) The spelling was influenced by Latin arbor (“tree”).

Alternative forms

• arbour (chiefly British)

Noun

arbor (plural arbors or arbores)

1. A shady sitting place or pergola usually in a park or garden, surrounded by climbing shrubs, vines or other vegetation.
2. A grove of trees.

Derived terms

• Ann Arbor

Related terms

• arboreal
• arboreous
• arborescent
• arboretum
• arbor vitae
• herb

Translations

Etymology 2

Borrowed from French arbre (“tree, axis”), spelling influenced by Latin arbor (“tree”).

Noun

arbor (plural arbors or arbores)

1. An axis or shaft supporting a rotating part on a lathe.
2. A bar for supporting cutting tools.
3. A spindle of a wheel.

Translations

Anagrams

• Barro, borra

Latin

Alternative forms

• arb?s

Etymology

By rhotacism from Old Latin arb?s, from Proto-Italic *arð?s, cognate with arduus (“high”): the meaning is "high plant"; the Indo-European /d?/ was shifted to /b/. From the Proto-Indo-European *h?erd?- (“high, to grow”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /?ar.bor/, [?ärb?r]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /?ar.bor/, [??rb?r]

Noun

arbor f (genitive arboris); third declension

1. a tree

   (specifically with the genitive of the species)

2. (metonymically) something made from a tree, of wood

   Synonym: m?lus

   Synonyms: iaculum, p?lum

   (euphemistic) This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

3. (metonymically) the polypus (imagined to have arms like the branches of a tree)

Declension

• A poetic nominative arb?s is often found. Sextus Pompeius Festus documents archaic (Old Latin) variants arbosem, arboses.

Third-declension noun.

Derived terms

Related terms

Descendants

See also

• p?mus
• silva

Noun

arbor

1. vocative singular of arbor

Further reading

• arbor in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press

References

• arbor in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• arbor in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• arbor in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• arbor in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book?^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.

Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *arawar, from Proto-Indo-European *h?erh?-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?ar.v?r/

Noun

arbor n (genitive arbae, nominative plural arbann)

1. grain
2. (in the plural) crops

Inflection

Descendants

• Irish: arbhar
• Manx: arroo
• Scottish Gaelic: arbhar

Mutation

References

• Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019) , “arbar”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Old Spanish

Alternative forms

• arbol

Etymology

From Latin arbor, arborem, from Old Latin arb?s, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h?erd?- (“high, to grow”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?ar.?or]

Noun

arbor m (plural arbores)

1. tree
   • c. 1200, Almeric, Fazienda de Ultramar, f. 1v. b.

     ally delát ebró. es mót mãbre. e ouo y grát arbor. e fue enzina. ala rayz daq?l arbor estaua abraã.

     There, past Hebron, is the hill Mamre, where there was a great oak tree. Abraham was [sitting] on the root of that tree.

   • Idem, f. 42v. b.

     e crebantaredes todas cibdades en ca?telladas entodos los arbores fermo?os todas las fontanas del agua cerraredes. entodas las buenas se?as abatredes […]

     And you shall defeat all cities and fortified towns, and fell all the good trees, and seal all the springs of water and ruin all the good pieces of land.

Descendants

• Ladino: arvolé, arvol
• Spanish: árbol, árbor
  • ? Basque: arbola
  • ? Cebuano: arbol
  • ? Sicilian: àrbulu, àrvulu

Romanian

Noun

arbor m (plural arbori)

1. Alternative form of arbore