different between hand vs barra

English

Etymology

From Middle English hond, hand, from Old English hand (“hand, side (in defining position), power, control, possession, charge, agency, person regarded as holder or receiver of something”), from Proto-West Germanic *handu (“hand”), from Proto-Germanic *handuz (“hand”) (compare Dutch, Norwegian Nynorsk, Swedish hand, German Hand, West Frisian hân), of uncertain origin. Perhaps compare Old Swedish hinna (“to gain”), Gothic ????????????-???????????????????????? (fra-hinþan, “to take captive, capture”); and Latvian s?ts (“hunting spear”), Ancient Greek ?????? (kenté?, “prick”), Albanian çandër (“pitchfork, prop”).

Pronunciation

• enPR: h?nd, IPA^(key): /hænd/
• Rhymes: -ænd

Noun

hand (plural hands)

1. The part of the forelimb below the forearm or wrist in a human, and the corresponding part in many other animals.

   Meronyms: index finger, middle finger, palm, pinky, ring finger, thumb

   • Using her hands like windshield wipers, she tried to flick snow away from her mouth. When she clawed at her chest and neck, the crumbs maddeningly slid back onto her face. She grew claustrophobic.

2. That which resembles, or to some extent performs the office of, a human hand.
   1. A limb of certain animals, such as the foot of a hawk, or any one of the four extremities of a monkey.
   2. An index or pointer on a dial; such as the hour and minute hands on the face of an analog clock, which are used to indicate the time of day.
3. That which is, or may be, held in a hand at once.
   1. (card games) The set of cards held by a player.
      1. A round of a card game.
   2. (tobacco manufacturing) A bundle of tobacco leaves tied together.
   4. (collective) A bunch of bananas.
4. That which has the appearance of, a human hand.
   1. A bunch of bananas, a typical retail amount, where individual fruits are fingers.
5. In linear measurement:
   1. (chiefly in measuring the height of horses) Four inches, a hand's breadth.
   2. (obsolete) Three inches.
6. A side; part, camp; direction, either right or left.
   • 1950, Bertrand Russell, acceptance speech for Nobel Prize in Literature

     I maintain, however, on the one hand, that there are few occasions upon which large bodies of men, such as politics is concerned with, can rise above selfishness, while, on the other hand, there are a very great many circumstances in which populations will fall below selfishness, if selfishness is interpreted as enlightened self-interest.

7. Power of performance; means of execution; ability; skill; dexterity.
8. (especially in compounds) An agent; a servant, or manual laborer; a workman, trained or competent for special service or duty.
9. A performer more or less skilful.
   • 1903, George Horace Lorimer, Letters from a Self-Made Merchant to his Son (page 46)

     At the church sociables he used to hop around among them, chipping and chirping like a dicky-bird picking up seed; and he was a great hand to play the piano, and sing saddish, sweetish songs to them.

10. An instance of helping.
11. Handwriting; style of penmanship.
12. A person's autograph or signature.

13. Personal possession; ownership.

    • Receiving in hand one year’s tribute.

14. (usually in the plural, hands) Management, domain, control.
15. Applause.
    • 2013, Tom Shone, Oscar nominations pull a surprise by showing some taste – but will it last? (in The Guardian, 11 January 2013)[4]

      Also a big hand for Silver Linings Playbook, an exuberant modern screwball comedy we had, in an unseemly fit of cynicism, deemed "too entertaining" for Academy voters.

16. (historical) A Native American gambling game, involving guessing the whereabouts of bits of ivory or similar, which are passed rapidly from hand to hand.
17. (firearms) The small part of a gunstock near the lock, which is grasped by the hand in taking aim.
18. A whole rhizome of ginger.
19. The feel of a fabric; the impression or quality of the fabric as judged qualitatively by the sense of touch.

20. (archaic) Actual performance; deed; act; workmanship; agency; hence, manner of performance.
21. (archaic) Agency in transmission from one person to another.

22. (obsolete) Rate; price.

Usage notes

Hand is used figuratively for a large variety of acts or things, in the doing, or making, or use of which the hand is in some way employed or concerned; also, as a symbol to denote various qualities or conditions, as,

(a) Activity; operation; work; — in distinction from the head, which implies thought, and the heart, which implies affection.

His hand will be against every man. — Genesis 16:12

(b) Power; might; supremacy; — often in the Scriptures.

With a mighty hand . . . will I rule over you. — Ezekiel 20:33.

(c) Fraternal feeling; for example to give, or take, the hand; to give the right hand

(d) Contract; — commonly of marriage; for example to ask the hand; to pledge the hand

Synonyms

• (part of the arm below the wrist): manus (formal), paw (of some animals)

Derived terms

Coordinate terms

Related terms

• handle

Translations

See hand/translations § Noun.

See also

Appendix:English collective nouns

Verb

hand (third-person singular simple present hands, present participle handing, simple past and past participle handed)

1. (transitive) To give, pass or transmit with the hand, literally or figuratively.

2. (transitive) To lead, guide, or assist with the hand; to conduct.

3. (transitive, obsolete) To manage.
4. (transitive, obsolete) To seize; to lay hands on.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Shakespeare to this entry?)

5. (transitive, rare) To pledge by the hand; to handfast.
6. (transitive, nautical, said of a sail) To furl.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Totten to this entry?)

7. (intransitive, obsolete) To cooperate.

Derived terms

Translations

References

• hand in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.

Anagrams

• Dahn, Danh, H-DNA, NADH, dahn, hDNA

Afrikaans

Etymology

From Dutch hand, from Middle Dutch hant, from Old Dutch hant, from Proto-West Germanic *handu, from Proto-Germanic *handuz.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?ant/

Noun

hand (plural hande, diminutive handjie)

1. A hand.

Derived terms

• handskoen

Danish

Pronoun

hand

1. Obsolete spelling of han (“he”)

Dutch

Etymology

From Middle Dutch hant, from Old Dutch hant, from Proto-West Germanic *handu, from Proto-Germanic *handuz.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??nt/
• Hyphenation: hand
• Rhymes: -?nt

Noun

hand f (plural handen, diminutive handje n)

1. A hand of a human, other simian or other animal with fingers.

Derived terms

Descendants

• Afrikaans: hand

French

Etymology

Clipping of handball. Compare foot from football.

Pronunciation

• ^{(aspirated h)} IPA^(key): /??d/

Noun

hand m (uncountable)

1. The sport handball.

Synonyms

• handball

Middle English

Etymology

From Old English hand

Noun

hand (plural hands)

1. Alternative form of hond (“hand”)

Descendants

• English: hand

Norwegian Bokmål

Alternative forms

• hånd

Etymology

From Old Norse h?nd, from Proto-Germanic *handuz

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /han/, [h?n]
• Homophones: han, hann
• Rhymes: -?n

Noun

hand f or m (definite singular handa or handen, indefinite plural hender, definite plural hendene)

1. (anatomy) A hand.

Derived terms

Related terms

• hanske (“glove”)

References

“hand” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Old Norse h?nd, from Proto-Germanic *handuz. Akin to English hand.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /h?nd/, /h?n?/ (examples of pronunciation)
• Homophones: han, hann (in some dialects)
• Rhymes: -?n

Noun

hand f (definite singular handa, indefinite plural hender, definite plural hendene)

1. (anatomy) A hand.

Derived terms

Related terms

• hanske (“glove”)

References

• “hand” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old English

Alternative forms

• hond

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *handu, from Proto-Germanic *handuz. Compare Old Frisian and Old Saxon hand, Old High German hant, Old Norse h?nd.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /x?nd/, [h?nd]

Noun

hand f (nominative plural handa)

1. A hand.

Declension

Derived terms

• handb?c
• hand?ewrit

Descendants

• Middle English: hond, hand
  • English: hand
  • Scots: hand, haund
  • Yola: hoane

Old Frisian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?hand/

Noun

hand f

1. Alternative form of hond

Old Saxon

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *handu, from Proto-Germanic *handuz. Compare Old Frisian and Old English hand, Old High German hant, Old Norse h?nd.

Noun

hand f

1. A hand.

Declension

Descendants

• Middle Low German: hant
  • German Low German: Hand
  • Westphalian:

    Westmünsterländisch: Hand

    Ravensbergisch-Lippisch: Hand

  • Plautdietsch: Haunt

Old Swedish

Etymology

From Old Norse h?nd, from Proto-Germanic *handuz.

Noun

hand f

1. A hand
2. A direction
3. A behalf
4. A sort, kind.

Declension

Descendants

• Swedish: hand

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Swedish hand, from Old Norse h?nd, from Proto-Germanic *handuz. Cognate with Danish hånd, Norwegian hand, English hand and German Hand.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /hand/

Noun

hand c

1. (anatomy) A hand.

2. (card games) A hand; the set of cards held by a player.

Declension

Related terms

References

• hand in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)

English

Etymology 1

Variant forms.

Noun

barra (plural barras)

1. (Tyneside) A barrow; a hand-pushed cart of the type commonly used in markets.

Related terms

• barra boy (Geordie)

Etymology 2

Abbreviations.

Noun

barra (plural barras)

1. (Australia) A barramundi.
   • 2006, Alexis Wright, Carpentaria, Giramondo 2012, p. 281:

     ‘Nice fish,’ Norm said, looking at four charred-baked barra covered in fire ash stuffed into the bucket.

Afar

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /b?????/

Noun

barrá f (plural agábu m)

1. (southern dialects) woman
2. (southern dialects) wife

Synonyms

• agboytá

Derived terms

• Diminutives: barraytó, barráytu (“wimp, weak person”) (all dialects)

References

• Mohamed Hassan Kamil (2015) L’afar: description grammaticale d’une langue couchitique (Djibouti, Erythrée et Ethiopie)?^[1], Paris: Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (doctoral thesis)

Catalan

Etymology

From Vulgar Latin *barra, possibly from Gaulish *barros (“the bushy end”), cognate with French barre and English bar.

Pronunciation

• (Balearic, Central) IPA^(key): /?ba.r?/
• (Valencian) IPA^(key): /?ba.ra/

Noun

barra f (plural barres)

1. bar (metal item)
2. barbell
3. (ballet) bar
4. loaf (of bread)
5. bar (of chocolate)
6. (anatomy) jawbone, mandible
7. (figuratively) cheek, impudence, audacity

8. (heraldry) bend sinister

Derived terms

• barrar
• barrella
• codi de barres

Further reading

• “barra” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “barra” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
• “barra” in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana.

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ba.?a/

Verb

barra

1. third-person singular past historic of barrer

Galician

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?bara?/

Etymology 1

From a pre-Roman substrate of Iberia, from Proto-Celtic *barros (“top, summit”), from Proto-Indo-European *b?ers- (“point”). Cognate with Irish barr (“top, tip, summit”).

Noun

barra f (plural barras)

1. loft or platform, usually inside the house or the stables, used for storing items.
2. attic.
3. vine arbour.
   • 1424, M. Mar Graña Cid (ed.), Las órdenes mendicantes en el obispado de Mondoñedo. El convento de san Martín de Villaoriente (1374-1500), separata de Estudios Mindonienses, page 292:

     a mitade do noso lagar con sua casa et barra et entradas et seidas

     half our winery with its house, its vine arbour, entries and exits

Derived terms

• barrela (“lumberroom”)

Related terms

• combarro (“garner; penthouse”)

Etymology 2

From Vulgar Latin barra, perhaps from Gaulish.

Noun

barra f (plural barras)

1. sandbank

   Synonyms: banco de area, restinga, taro

2. bar
3. (iron) rod
4. slash ("/" symbol)
5. (heraldry) bend sinister

References

• “barra” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006-2012.
• “barra” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006-2016.
• “barra” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006-2013.
• “barra” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
• “barra” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
• “barra” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

Irish

Etymology 1

From Middle English barre, from Old French barre (“beam, bar, gate, barrier”), from Vulgar Latin *barra, of uncertain origin.

Noun

barra m (genitive singular barra, nominative plural barraí)

1. bar
2. (geography) (sand)bar
3. (law) bar
4. (music) bar
5. (sewing) tack

Declension

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Noun

barra m (genitive singular barra, nominative plural barraí)

1. Alternative form of bara (“barrow”)

Declension

Etymology 3

Noun

barra m

1. inflection of barr:
   1. variant genitive singular
   2. nominative plural

Mutation

Further reading

• "barra" in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
• Entries containing “barra” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
• Entries containing “barra” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.

Italian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?bar.ra/

Etymology 1

From Vulgar Latin *barra, possibly from Gaulish *barros (“the bushy end”).

Noun

barra f (plural barre)

1. rod, bar, slat
2. helm, tiller
3. stroke, slash ('/' symbol)
4. tray (computer)
5. (zoology, horse anatomy) bar (Bars are the inward folds of the wall of a horse hoof)

Derived terms

See also

• zoccolo
• fettone
• muraglia
• suola

Etymology 2

Verb

barra

1. third-person singular present indicative of barrare
2. second-person singular imperative of barrare

Further reading

• barra in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

Maltese

Etymology

From Arabic ??????? (barran, “outside”). Compare Egyptian Arabic ???? (barra) and the same in many or most dialects.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?bar.ra/

Adverb

barra

1. out, outside, outdoors

Preposition

barra

1. outside (of)

Portuguese

Etymology

From Vulgar Latin *barra, possibly from Gaulish *barros (“the bushy end”), cognate with French barre and English bar.

Pronunciation

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /?ba.??/
• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /?ba.??/
• (Paulista) IPA^(key): /?ba.?a/
• (South Brazil) IPA^(key): /?ba.ha/
• (Carioca) IPA^(key): /?ba.??/
• (Gaúcho) IPA^(key): /?ba.?a/

Noun

barra f (plural barras)

1. bar (solid object with uniform cross-section)
2. bar, ingot
3. cuff (the end of a pants leg, folded up)
4. (typography) slash
5. (heraldry) bend sinister

Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:barra.

Derived terms

• barrar
• barra oblíqua
• barra pesada

Scottish Gaelic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /par??/

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

barra m

1. spike
2. bar
3. Court of Justice
4. sandbank

Derived terms

• barra-mhìslein m (“common bird's foot trefoil”)

Etymology 2

Noun

barra m

1. genitive singular of bàrr

References

• “barra” in Edward Dwelly, Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan/The Illustrated [Scottish] Gaelic–English Dictionary, 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, 1911, ?ISBN.

Sidamo

Etymology

From Proto-Cushitic. Cognates include Hadiyya balla and Kambaata bara.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?ba??a/

Noun

barra m

1. day

References

• Kazuhiro Kawachi (2007) A grammar of Sidaama (Sidamo), a Cushitic language of Ethiopia, page 81

Spanish

Etymology 1

From Vulgar Latin *barra, possibly from Gaulish *barros (“the bushy end”), cognate with French barre and English bar. Doublet of bar.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?bara/, [?ba.ra]

Noun

barra f (plural barras)

1. bar, rod (a solid, more or less rigid object of metal or other material with a uniform cross-section smaller than its length)
2. bar (a counter, or simply a cabinet, from which alcoholic drinks are served in a private house or a hotel room.)
3. (typographic) bar (various lines used as punctuation or diacritics, such as the pipe ?|?, fraction bar (as in ¹?₂))

   Synonyms: (|) barra vertical, (¹?₂) barra de fracción

4. slash ("/" symbol)

   Synonyms: barra inclinada, barra oblicua

5. (computing, rare, proscribed) backslash ("\" symbol)

   Synonyms: barra invertida, barra inversa

6. (heraldry) bend sinister
7. (exercise, weightlifting) barbell

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Verb

barra

1. Formal second-person singular (usted) imperative form of barrer.
2. First-person singular (yo) present subjunctive form of barrer.
3. Formal second-person singular (usted) present subjunctive form of barrer.
4. Third-person singular (él, ella, also used with usted^?) present subjunctive form of barrer.

Further reading

• “barra” in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014.

Swedish

Verb

barra (present barrar, preterite barrade, supine barrat, imperative barra)

1. (of a conifer, especially a Christmas tree) to drop its needles

Conjugation

Related terms

• barr
• barrning