different between group vs jam
group
English
Alternative forms
- groop (non-standard)
- groupe (obsolete)
Etymology
From French groupe (“cluster, group”), from Italian gruppo, groppo (“a knot, heap, group, bag (of money)”), from Vulgar Latin *cruppo, Renaissance Latin grupus, from Proto-Germanic *kruppaz (“lump, round mass, body, crop”), from Proto-Indo-European *grewb- (“to crumple, bend, crawl”). Cognate with German Kropf (“crop, craw, bunch”), Old English cropp, croppa (“cluster, bunch, sprout, flower, berry, ear of corn, crop”), Dutch krop (“craw”), Icelandic kroppr (“hump, bunch”). Doublet of crop and croup.
Pronunciation
- enPR: gro?op, IPA(key): /??u?p/
- Rhymes: -u?p
Noun
group (plural groups)
- A number of things or persons being in some relation to one another.
- (group theory) A set with an associative binary operation, under which there exists an identity element, and such that each element has an inverse.
- 1977, Roger C. Lyndon, Paul E. Schupp, Combinatorial Group Theory, Springer, page 192,
- Throughout this section, we shall assume the existence of finitely presented groups with unsolvable word problem.
- 1992, Svetlana Katok, Fuchsian Groups, University of Chicago Press, page 112,
- In this chapter we give some examples of Fuchsian groups. The most interesting and important ones are the so-called "arithmetic" Fuchsian groups, i.e., discrete subgroups of PSL(2,R) obtained by some "arithmetic" operations. One such construction we have already seen: if we choose all matrices of SL(2,R) with integer coefficients, then the corresponding elements of PSL(2,R) form the modular group PSL(2,Z).
- 2007, Zhong-Qi Ma, Group Theory for Physicists, World Scientific, page 277,
- In Chap. 4 the fundamental concepts on Lie groups have been introduced through the SO(3) group and its covering group SU(2).
- 1977, Roger C. Lyndon, Paul E. Schupp, Combinatorial Group Theory, Springer, page 192,
- (geometry, archaic) An effective divisor on a curve.
- A (usually small) group of people who perform music together.
- (astronomy) A small number (up to about fifty) of galaxies that are near each other.
- (chemistry) A column in the periodic table of chemical elements.
- (chemistry) A functional group.
- (sociology) A subset of a culture or of a society.
- (military) An air force formation.
- (geology) A collection of formations or rock strata.
- (computing) A number of users with same rights with respect to accession, modification, and execution of files, computers and peripherals.
- An element of an espresso machine from which hot water pours into the portafilter.
- (music) A number of eighth, sixteenth, etc., notes joined at the stems; sometimes rather indefinitely applied to any ornament made up of a few short notes.
- (sports) A set of teams playing each other in the same division, while not during the same period playing any teams that belong to other sets in the division.
- (business) A commercial organization.
Synonyms
- (number of things or persons being in some relation to each other): collection, set
- (people who perform music together): band, ensemble
- See also Thesaurus:group
Hypernyms
- (in group theory): monoid
Hyponyms
Derived terms
- subgroup
Related terms
Descendants
- ? Gulf Arabic: ?????
- ? Japanese: ???? (gur?pu)
- ? Korean: ?? (geurup)
- ? Tongan: kulupu
Translations
References
- group on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
Verb
group (third-person singular simple present groups, present participle grouping, simple past and past participle grouped)
- (transitive) To put together to form a group.
- group the dogs by hair colour
- (intransitive) To come together to form a group.
Synonyms
- (put together to form a group): amass, categorise/categorize, classify, collect, collect up, gather, gather together, gather up; see also Thesaurus:round up
- (come together to form a group): assemble, begather, foregather, throng; see also Thesaurus:assemble
Translations
Further reading
- group in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
- group in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
group From the web:
- what group is sulfur in
- what group is oxygen in
- what group is sodium in
- what group is calcium in
- what group is carbon in
- what group is chlorine in
- what group is hydrogen in
- what group is nitrogen in
jam
English
Pronunciation
- (Received Pronunciation, US) IPA(key): /?d?æm/
- (Southern England, Australia) IPA(key): /?d?æ?m/
- - fruit spread
- - verb
- Rhymes: -æm
- Homophone: jamb
Etymology 1
First attested in the early 18th c. as a verb meaning “to press, be pressed, be wedged in”. Eventually onomatopoeic, perhaps identical with Middle English cham (“to bite, to gnash one's teeth”), whence modern champ.
Noun
jam (countable and uncountable, plural jams)
- A sweet mixture of fruit boiled with sugar and allowed to congeal. Often spread on bread or toast or used in jam tarts.
- Synonyms: (US) conserve, jelly, preserve
- (countable) A difficult situation.
- Synonyms: see Thesaurus:difficult situation
- (countable) Blockage, congestion.
- (countable, popular music) An informal, impromptu performance or rehearsal.
- (countable, by extension, informal) A song; a track.
- 2001, Jet (volume 100, number 22, page 25)
- The result is an outstanding assortment of sophisticated, sexy and hip-hop-tinged R&B grooves, ballads and party jams.
- 2001, Jet (volume 100, number 22, page 25)
- (countable, by extension) An informal event where people brainstorm and collaborate on projects.
- (uncountable, slang) That which one particularly prefers, desires, enjoys, or cares about.
- (countable, baseball) A difficult situation for a pitcher or defending team.
- (countable, basketball) A forceful dunk.
- (countable, roller derby) A play during which points can be scored.
- (climbing, countable) Any of several maneuvers requiring wedging of an extremity into a tight space.
- (Britain, slang) luck.
- (slang) sexual relations or the contemplation of them.
Derived terms
Descendants
- ? Czech: džem
- ? Japanese: ??? (jamu)
- ? Korean: ? (jaem)
- ? Russian: ???? (džem)
- ? Serbo-Croatian: dž?m, ????
- ? Slovak: džem
Translations
See also
- jelly
- marmalade
Verb
jam (third-person singular simple present jams, present participle jamming, simple past and past participle jammed)
- To get something stuck, often (though not necessarily) in a confined space.
- 1719, Daniel Defoe, Robinson Crusoe, London: W. Taylor, 3rd edition, 1719, p. 226,[1]
- The Ship, which by its Building was Spanish, stuck fast, jaum’d in between two Rocks; all the Stern and Quarter of her was beaten to Pieces with the Sea […]
- 1719, Daniel Defoe, Robinson Crusoe, London: W. Taylor, 3rd edition, 1719, p. 226,[1]
- To brusquely force something into a space; cram, squeeze.
- 1779, George Colman, Farewell Epilogue, spoken at Wynnstay after the representation of Cymbeline and The Spanish Barber, 22 January, 1779, in Prose on Several Occasions: Accompanied with Some Pieces in Verse, London: T. Cadel, 1787, Volume 3, p. 283,[2]
- Since the new post-horse tax, I dare engage
- That some folks here have travell’d in the Stage:
- Jamm’d in at midnight, in cold winter weather,
- The crouded passengers are glew’d together.
- 1779, George Colman, Farewell Epilogue, spoken at Wynnstay after the representation of Cymbeline and The Spanish Barber, 22 January, 1779, in Prose on Several Occasions: Accompanied with Some Pieces in Verse, London: T. Cadel, 1787, Volume 3, p. 283,[2]
- To cause congestion or blockage. Often used with "up"
- To block or confuse a broadcast signal.
- (baseball) To throw a pitch at or near the batter's hands.
- (music) To play music (especially improvisation as a group, or an informal unrehearsed session).
- To injure a finger or toe by sudden compression of the digit's tip.
- (roller derby) To attempt to score points.
- (nautical, transitive) To bring (a vessel) so close to the wind that half her upper sails are laid aback.
- 1887, William Clark Russell, The Golden Hope
- It won't do to jam her,” answered Stone ;" but it might be worth findin' out if th' Hope won't lie closer than t' other can." Half a point ----"
- 1887, William Clark Russell, The Golden Hope
- (Canada, informal) To give up on a date or some joint endeavour; stand up, chicken out, jam out.
Synonyms
- ram
Derived terms
- (to squeeze into a small space): jam-pack
- jammer
- jam band
- jam session
Translations
Etymology 2
Persian or Hindi, meaning "garment, robe;" see ????? (“garment”). Related to pajamas.
Noun
jam (plural jams)
- (dated) A kind of frock for children.
Etymology 3
Noun
jam (plural jams)
- (mining) Alternative form of jamb
References
- jam on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
- jam at OneLook Dictionary Search
- jam in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
Anagrams
- JMA, Maj, Maj., maj.
Albanian
Etymology
From Proto-Albanian *esmi, from Proto-Indo-European *h?ésmi (“I am, I exist”), identical with Ancient Greek ???? (eimí), Sanskrit ????? (ásmi), English am. Aorist qeshë from Proto-Indo-European *k?el- (“to turn, revolve”), with a semantic development similar to Germanic *werdan (“to become”), from Proto-Indo-European *wert- (“to turn”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /jam/
Verb
jam (first-person singular past tense qeshë, participle qenë)
- to be
Conjugation
References
Czech
Etymology
From Portuguese inhame or Spanish iñame, both likely of West African origin.
Noun
jam m
- yam (any Dioscorea vine)
Dutch
Etymology
Borrowed from English jam.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /??m/
- Hyphenation: jam
- Rhymes: -?m
Noun
jam m (plural jams, diminutive jammetje n)
- (chiefly Netherlands) jam (congealed sweet mixture of conserved fruits)
Synonyms
- confituur
- marmelade
Derived terms
- aardbeienjam
- jampot
- kersenjam
Esperanto
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin iam.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /jam/
- Hyphenation: jam
- Audio:
Adverb
jam
- already
Garo
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Noun
jam
- granary, storehouse
Highland Popoluca
Noun
jam
- lime
References
- Elson, Benjamin F.; Gutiérrez G., Donaciano (1999) Diccionario popoluca de la Sierra, Veracruz (Serie de vocabularios y diccionarios indígenas “Mariano Silva y Aceves”; 41)?[3] (in Spanish), Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, A.C., ?ISBN, page 74
Indonesian
Etymology
From Malay jam, from Sanskrit ??? (y?ma, “time”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [?d??am]
- Hyphenation: jam
Noun
jam (first-person possessive jamku, second-person possessive jammu, third-person possessive jamnya)
- hour (Time period of sixty minutes)
- clock (instrument to measure or keep track of time)
- (colloquial) time, particular moment or hour; the appropriate moment or hour for something
- Synonyms: pukul, saat, waktu
Further reading
- “jam” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) Daring, Jakarta: Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 2016.
Interlingua
Adverb
jam (not comparable)
- already
Javanese
Etymology
Ultimately from Sanskrit ??? (y?ma)
Noun
jam
- clock
Latgalian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?jam/
- Hyphenation: jam
Pronoun
jam
- dative singular of jis
References
- Nicole Nau (2011) A short grammar of Latgalian, München: LINCOM GmbH, ?ISBN, page 37
Latin
Adverb
jam (not comparable)
- Alternative form of iam
References
- jam in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
Lindu
Noun
jam
- time
- hour
- clock
Lithuanian
Pronoun
jam m
- (third-person singular) dative form of jis.
- 2007, Jurga (Jurga Šeduikyt?), Angelai
- Jo balti sparnai man tinka
- Jam savo šarvus dovanoju
- His white wings suit me
- I present to him my armor
- 2007, Jurga (Jurga Šeduikyt?), Angelai
Malay
Etymology
From Sanskrit ??? (y?ma, “time”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [d??am]
- Rhymes: -d??am, -am
Noun
jam (Jawi spelling ???, plural jam-jam, informal 1st possessive jamku, impolite 2nd possessive jammu, 3rd possessive jamnya)
- hour (Time period of sixty minutes)
- clock (instrument to measure or keep track of time)
Further reading
- “jam” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
North Frisian
Etymology
From Old Frisian j?. Cognate with West Frisian jimme
Pronoun
jam
- you (plural)
- your (plural)
Polish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /jam/
Noun
jam f
- genitive plural of jama
Pronoun
jam
- (informal, sometimes proscribed) Combined form of ja +? -m (first person singular pronoun + verb suffix).
Further reading
- jam in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Slovene
Noun
jam
- genitive dual/plural of jama
Swedish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /j??m/
Noun
jam n
- meow (sound of a cat)
Declension
Related terms
- jama
Anagrams
- Maj, maj
Welsh
Etymology
From English jam.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /d??am/
Noun
jam m (plural jamiau, not mutable)
- jam
- Synonym: cyffaith
Further reading
- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present) , “jam”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
West Frisian
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Noun
jam c (plural jams)
- jam, fruit preserves
Alternative forms
- sjem
Further reading
- “jam (I)”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011
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- what james bond movies was sean connery in
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