different between grave vs tart

English

Pronunciation

• enPR: gr?v, IPA^(key): /??e?v/
• Rhymes: -e?v

Etymology 1

From Middle English grave, grafe, from Old English græf, grafu (“cave, grave, trench”), from Proto-Germanic *grab?, *grab? (“grave, trench, ditch”), from Proto-Indo-European *g?reb?- (“to dig, scratch, scrape”).

Cognate with West Frisian grêf (“grave”), Dutch graf (“grave”), Low German Graf (“a grave”), Graff, German Grab (“grave”), Danish, Swedish and Norwegian grav (“grave”), Icelandic gröf (“grave”). Related to groove.

Noun

grave (plural graves)

1. An excavation in the earth as a place of burial

   • He had lain in the grave four days.

   • 1856, Eleanor Marx-Aveling (translator), Gustave Flaubert (author), Madame Bovary, Part III, Chapter X:

     They reached the cemetery. The men went right down to a place in the grass where a grave was dug. They ranged themselves all round; and while the priest spoke, the red soil thrown up at the sides kept noiselessly slipping down at the corners.

2. Any place of interment; a tomb; a sepulcher.
3. (by extension) Death, destruction.
4. (by extension) Deceased people; the dead.

Derived terms

Related terms

• groove

Translations

See also

• grave (burial) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Etymology 2

From Middle English graven, from Old English grafan (“to dig, dig up, grave, engrave, carve, chisel”), from Proto-Germanic *graban? (“to dig”), from Proto-Indo-European *g?reb?- (“to dig, scratch, scrape”). Cognate with Dutch graven (“to dig”), German graben (“to dig”), Danish grave (“to dig”), Swedish gräva (“to dig”), Icelandic grafa (“to dig”).

Verb

grave (third-person singular simple present graves, present participle graving, simple past graved or grove, past participle graved or graven)

1. (transitive, obsolete) To dig.

   • He hath graven and digged up a pit.

2. (intransitive, obsolete) To carve or cut, as letters or figures, on some hard substance; to engrave.

   • Thou shalt take two onyx stones, and grave on them the names of the children of Israel.

   • a. 1894, Robert Louis Stevenson, "Requiem"

     This be the verse you grave for me / "Here he lies where he longs to be"
3. (transitive, obsolete) To carve out or give shape to, by cutting with a chisel; to sculpture.

   to grave an image

   • With gold, men may the herte grave.

4. (intransitive, obsolete) To impress deeply (on the mind); to fix indelibly.
   • 1718, Matthew Prior, Solomon on the Vanity of the World

     O! may they graven in thy heart remain.

5. (transitive, obsolete) To entomb; to bury.
   • c. 1595, William Shakespeare, Richard II, Act III, Scene ii^[5]:

     […] And lie full low, graved in the hollow ground.

6. (intransitive, obsolete) To write or delineate on hard substances, by means of incised lines; to practice engraving.

Related terms

• begrave
• engrave

Translations

Etymology 3

From Middle French grave, a learned borrowing from Latin gravis (“heavy, important”). Compare Old French greve (“terrible, dreadful”). Doublet of grief.

Adjective

grave (comparative graver, superlative gravest)

1. Characterised by a dignified sense of seriousness; not cheerful. [from 16th c.]

   Synonyms: sober, solemn, sombre, sedate, serious, staid

2. Low in pitch, tone etc. [from 17th c.]

   Antonym: acute

   • 1854, John Weeks Moore, Encyclopedia of Music:

     The thicker the cord or string, the more grave is the note or tone.

3. Serious, in a negative sense; important, formidable. [from 19th c.]

   Synonyms: serious, momentous, important
4. (obsolete) Influential, important; authoritative. [16th-18th c.]

Synonyms

• weightsome, sweer

• (unsorted by sense): sage, demure, thoughtful, weighty

Translations

Noun

grave (plural graves)

1. A written accent used in French, Italian, and other languages. è is an e with a grave accent (`).

Translations

Etymology 4

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Related to Dutch graaf, German Graf”)

Noun

grave (plural graves)

1. (historical) A count, prefect, or person holding office.

Related terms

• burgrave
• landgrave
• margrave
• palsgrave
• waldgrave

Etymology 5

Verb

grave (third-person singular simple present graves, present participle graving, simple past and past participle graved)

1. (transitive, obsolete, nautical) To clean, as a vessel's bottom, of barnacles, grass, etc., and pay it over with pitch — so called because graves or greaves was formerly used for this purpose.

Related terms

• graving dock

Anagrams

• Gaver

Danish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?ra?v?/, [??????v?]

Etymology 1

From Italian grave, from Latin gravis (“heavy, grave”).

Adverb

grave

1. (music) grave (low in pitch, tone etc.)
2. accent grave – accent grave, grave accent

Etymology 2

From Old Norse grafa (“to dig, bury”), from Proto-Germanic *graban?, from Proto-Indo-European *g?r?b?- (“to dig, scratch, scrape”).

Verb

grave (imperative grav, infinitive at grave, present tense graver, past tense gravede, perfect tense har gravet)

1. dig (to move hard-packed earth out of the way)

Derived terms

Etymology 3

See grav (“grave, tomb, pit”).

Noun

grave c

1. indefinite plural of grav

Dutch

Pronunciation

Verb

grave

1. (archaic) singular present subjunctive of graven

Anagrams

• verga, vrage

Esperanto

Adverb

grave

1. seriously, gravely

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??av/

Etymology 1

From Middle French grave, borrowed from Latin gravis. Doublet of grief.

Adjective

grave (plural graves)

1. serious
2. solemn
3. low-pitched

   Antonym: aigu

4. (phonetics) back
   • 1911 April, "Quelques mots sur la pronunciation des lettres Turques" in Dictionnaire turc-français[7]:

Derived terms

• accent grave
• gravement

Related terms

• gravissime
• gravitation
• gravité

Adverb

grave

1. (informal, slang) much; a lot

Etymology 2

Verb

grave

1. first-person singular present indicative of graver
2. third-person singular present indicative of graver
3. first-person singular present subjunctive of graver
4. third-person singular present subjunctive of graver
5. second-person singular imperative of graver

Further reading

• “grave” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Anagrams

• gaver

Italian

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin gravis. Doublet of greve.

Adjective

grave (plural gravi)

1. grave, serious

2. heavy
3. solemn
4. (music) low-pitched, low-pitch

Synonyms

• importante
• pesante
• austero
• serio

Antonyms

• acuto

Related terms

• gravemente
• gravare
• gravezza
• gravità
• gravoso

Descendants

• ? Danish: grave

Anagrams

• verga

Latin

Adjective

grave

1. nominative neuter singular of gravis
2. accusative neuter singular of gravis
3. vocative neuter singular of gravis

References

• grave in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• grave in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• grave in The Perseus Project (1999) Perseus Encyclopedia?^[8]

Middle English

Etymology 1

From Old English græf, from Proto-Germanic *grab?.

Alternative forms

• graf, grafe, grawe, graffe

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?ra?v/, /?rav/

Noun

grave (plural graves)

1. grave, burial
2. tomb, mausoleum

Derived terms

• gravestone
• graven

Descendants

• English: grave
• Scots: grave, grawe, graive, graiwe, greawe

References

• “gr?ve, n.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-04-09.

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??ra?v?i?/, /??ra?ve?/

Noun

grave (plural graves)

1. Alternative form of gravey

Etymology 3

Noun

grave

1. (Early Middle English) Alternative form of grove

Middle French

Alternative forms

• greve

Etymology

From Old French grave.

Noun

grave f (plural graves)

1. gravel

Descendants

• French: grève

References

• Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l'ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IX^e au XV^e siècle (1881) (grave)

Middle High German

Etymology

From Old High German gr?fo, gr?vo, gr?fio, gr?vio (“count, local judge”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?ra?v?/

Noun

grâve m

1. count, local judge

Declension

Derived terms

• burcgrâve
• göugrâve

Descendants

• German: Graf

References

• “grâve” Benecke, Georg Friedrich, Wilhelm Müller, and Friedrich Zarncke. Mittelhochdeutsches Wörterbuch: mit benutzung des Nachlasses von Benecke. Vol. 1. S. Hirzel, 1863.

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology 1

From Old Norse grafa, from Proto-Germanic *graban?, from Proto-Indo-European *g?r?b?- (“to dig, scratch, scrape”).

Verb

grave (imperative grav, present tense graver, passive graves, simple past gravde or grov, past participle gravd, present participle gravende)

1. to dig

Derived terms

Etymology 2

From French grave (“serious, low-pitched, back”), from Latin gravis (“heavy, grave, serious”), from Proto-Indo-European *g?réh?us (“heavy”), from *g?reh?- +? *-us.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??r???/
• Rhymes: -???
• Hyphenation: grave
• Homophone: grav

Noun

grave m (definite singular graven, indefinite plural graver, definite plural gravene)

1. Only used in accent grave (“grave accent”)

References

• “grave” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
• “grave” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).

Norwegian Nynorsk

Verb

grave (present tense grev, past tense grov, past participle grave, passive infinitive gravast, present participle gravande, imperative grav)

1. Alternative form of grava

Derived terms

• gullgraving
• utgraving

Old French

Alternative forms

• greve

Etymology

Medieval Latin grava, from Gaulish *grawa, *growa, from Proto-Celtic *gr?w?, related to Cornish grow (“gravel”), Breton grouan, and Welsh gro (“gravel”); ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *g?r-eu-d-.

Noun

grave f (oblique plural graves, nominative singular grave, nominative plural graves)

1. gravel

Descendants

• French: grève

References

• Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l'ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IX^e au XV^e siècle (1881) (grave)

Portuguese

Pronunciation

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /???a.v?/
• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /???a.vi/
• (South Brazil) IPA^(key): /???a.ve/
• Rhymes: -avi

Etymology 1

From Old Portuguese grave, from Latin gravis (“heavy; grave”), from Proto-Indo-European *g?réh?us.

Adjective

grave m or f (plural graves, comparable)

2. serious; grave (having possible severe negative consequences)

   Synonyms: sério, severo

4. (of sound) low-pitched; grave (low in pitch or tone)

   Synonym: baixo

6. grave; serious; sombre; austere; solemn (characterised by a dignified sense of seriousness)

   Synonyms: sério, austero, circunspeto, sisudo, solene

8. (archaic, physics) that falls down; that doesn’t float

Inflection

Antonyms

• (low-pitched): agudo

Derived terms

• gravemente

Noun

grave f (plural graves)

1. (music) a low-pitched note

Etymology 2

Verb

grave

1. first-person singular (eu) present subjunctive of gravar
2. third-person singular (ele and ela, also used with você and others) present subjunctive of gravar
3. third-person singular (você) affirmative imperative of gravar
4. third-person singular (você) negative imperative of gravar

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /???abe/, [???a.??e]
• Homophone: grabe

Etymology 1

From Old Spanish grave, from Latin gravis, from Proto-Indo-European *g?réh?us. Cf. also the attested Old Spanish form grieve, from a Vulgar Latin variant *grevis, which was more common in other Romance-speaking areas.

Adjective

grave (plural graves) (superlative gravísimo)

1. serious, grave
2. bass (sound)

   Synonym: bajo

   Antonym: agudo

3. solemn
4. (phonetics) paroxytone; stressed in the penultimate syllable

   Synonym: llano

   Coordinate terms: agudo, esdrújulo, sobresdrújulo

Derived terms

Related terms

• gravar
• gravedad
• gravitar

Descendants

• ? Tagalog: grabe

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the main entry.

Verb

grave

1. Formal second-person singular (usted) imperative form of gravar.
2. First-person singular (yo) present subjunctive form of gravar.
3. Formal second-person singular (usted) present subjunctive form of gravar.
4. Third-person singular (él, ella, also used with usted^?) present subjunctive form of gravar.

Anagrams

• verga

Further reading

• “grave” in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014.

References

Swedish

Adjective

grave

1. absolute definite natural masculine form of grav.

Anagrams

• avger

West Frisian

Etymology

From Old Frisian grava, from Proto-West Germanic *graban, from Proto-Germanic *graban?.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??ra?v?/

Verb

grave

1. to dig

Inflection

Further reading

• “grave”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011

English

Pronunciation

• (General American) IPA^(key): /t??t/
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /t??t/
• Rhymes: -??(?)t

Etymology 1

From Middle English tart, from Old English teart (“sharp, rough, severe”), from Proto-Germanic *tartaz (“rough, sharp, tearing”), from Proto-Germanic *teran? (“to tear”), from Proto-Indo-European *der- (“to flay, split, cleave”). Related to Dutch tarten (“to defy, challenge, mock”), German trotzen (“to defy, brave, mock”), German zart (“delicate, tender”), perhaps Albanian thartë (“sour, acid, sharp”).

Adjective

tart (comparative tarter, superlative tartest)

1. Sharp to the taste; acid; sour.

   I ate a very tart apple.

2. (of wine) high or too high in acidity.
3. (figuratively) Sharp; keen; severe.

   He gave me a very tart reply.

Synonyms

• (of wine: high in acidity): green

Derived terms

• tarten
• tartness

Translations

Etymology 2

From Middle English tart, tarte, from Old French tarte, tartre (“flat pastry”) (compare Medieval Latin tarta), of unknown origin. Perhaps an alteration of Old French torte, tourte, from Vulgar Latin *torta, from torta (“twisted”) panis (“bread”), from feminine of Latin tortus (“twisted, folded over”). Cognate to torta.

Noun

tart (plural tarts)

1. A type of small open pie, or piece of pastry, containing jelly or conserve; a sort of fruit pie.

Derived terms

• Bakewell tart
• egg tart
• pineapple tart
• treacle tart

Related terms

• tort
• torta
• torte
• torture

Translations

Etymology 3

From sweetheart or jam tart (“attractive woman”) by shortening

Noun

tart (plural tarts)

1. (Britain, slang) A prostitute.
2. (Britain, slang, derogatory) By extension, any woman with loose sexual morals.
   • 1950, Roy E. Blick (police inspector), testimony before the United States Congress:

     We know the majority of the places that these tarts will hang out at.

Synonyms

• (prostitute): See also Thesaurus:prostitute
• (prostitute): See also Thesaurus:promiscuous woman

Derived terms

• tartlet

Translations

Verb

tart (third-person singular simple present tarts, present participle tarting, simple past and past participle tarted)

1. To practice prostitution
2. To practice promiscuous sex
3. To dress garishly, ostentatiously, whorishly, or sluttily

Derived terms

• pop tart (slang)
• tart up

Anagrams

• Trat, attr

Dutch

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -?rt

Verb

tart

1. first-, second- and third-person singular present indicative of tarten
2. imperative of tarten

Hungarian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?t?rt]
• Rhymes: -?rt

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

tart

1. (transitive) to keep (many different senses overlapping with English, see examples)

   Synonyms: ?riz, meg?riz

2. (transitive) to hold

   Synonym: fog

3. (transitive) to support (keep in the same place, withstanding its weight)

   Synonyms: támaszt, megtámaszt

   Antonym: elenged (to let go)

4. (intransitive) to take up space or time, extend, to last (-tól/-t?l … -ig)

   Antonyms: végz?dik, véget ér (to end)

5. (intransitive) momentarily describing whether a process is still in progress, and if yes how far it has gone

6. (intransitive) to esteem, deem, regard, think highly or poorly of (with -ra/-re)
7. (intransitive) to head into a direction

   Synonym: megy

8. (intransitive) to fear (of someone or something -tól/-t?l)

   Synonym: fél
9. (intransitive, used with attól) to be afraid, to be regretful, to be sorry

   Synonym: sajnál

10. (mathematics) to converge, have limit at (-hoz/-hez/-höz or -ba/-be)

Conjugation

Derived terms

(With verbal prefixes):

Etymology 2

tar (“bald”) +? -t (accusative suffix)

Adjective

tart

1. accusative singular of tar

Further reading

• tart in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh: A magyar nyelv értelmez? szótára (’The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: ?ISBN

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish tart, from Proto-Celtic *tartus, from Proto-Indo-European *térstus, from *ters- (“dry”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t??a??t??/

Noun

tart m (genitive singular tarta)

1. thirst

Declension

Mutation

References

• Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019) , “tart”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• “tart” in Foclóir Gae?ilge agus Béarla, Irish Texts Society, 2nd ed., 1927, by Patrick S. Dinneen.
• "tart" in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.

Middle English

Etymology 1

From Old English teart, from Proto-Germanic *tartaz.

Alternative forms

• (Early ME) teart
• tarte, terte

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tart/
• (dialectal) IPA^(key): /t??rt/

Adjective

tart (rare)

1. Sour, tart; having much acidity.
2. (Early Middle English) Acute, keen; showing sharpness.

Descendants

• English: tart, teart
• Scots: tairt

References

• “tart, adj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-12-25.

Etymology 2

Noun

tart

1. Alternative form of tarte

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Old Norse tartr. Doublet of tert.

Noun

tart m (definite singular tarten, indefinite plural tarter, definite plural tartene)

1. (zoology) a small salmon

   Synonym: svele

References

• “tart” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Anagrams

• ratt

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Old Norse tartr. Doublet of tert.

Noun

tart m (definite singular tarten, indefinite plural tartar, definite plural tartane)

1. (zoology) a small salmon

   Synonyms: silung, svelung, svele

References

• “tart” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Anagrams

• ratt

Old French

Adjective

tart m (oblique and nominative feminine singular tarde)

1. late (after the end of a given period)

Adverb

tart

1. late (after the end of a given period)

Related terms

• tarder

Descendants

• French: tard

Old Irish

Etymology 1

From Proto-Celtic *tartus, from Proto-Indo-European *térstus, from *ters- (“dry”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tar?t/

Noun

tart m (genitive tarta)

1. thirst

Inflection

Descendants

• Irish: tart

Mutation

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the main entry.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tar?d/

Verb

·tart

1. first-person singular present subjunctive perfective prototonic of do·beir

Mutation

References

• Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019) , “tart”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Old Norse

Noun

tart

1. accusative singular indefinite of tartr m

Polish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tart/

Noun

tart

1. genitive plural of tarta