different between grammar vs lexicon
grammar
English
Alternative forms
- grammary (archaic)
Etymology
From Middle English gramer, gramarye, gramery, from Old French gramaire (“classical learning”), from Latin grammatica, from Ancient Greek ?????????? (grammatik?, “skilled in writing”), from ?????? (grámma, “line of writing”), from ????? (gráph?, “write”), from Proto-Indo-European *gerb?- (“to carve, scratch”). Displaced native Old English stæfcræft.
Pronunciation
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /???æ.m?(?)/
- (General American) enPR: gr?'m?r, IPA(key): /???æ.m?/
- Rhymes: -æm?(?)
- Hyphenation: gram?mar
Noun
grammar (countable and uncountable, plural grammars)
- A system of rules and principles for speaking and writing a language.
- (uncountable, linguistics) The study of the internal structure of words (morphology) and the use of words in the construction of phrases and sentences (syntax).
- A book describing the rules of grammar of a language.
- (computing theory) A formal system specifying the syntax of a language.
- 2006, Patrick Blackburn · Johan Bos · Kristina Striegnitz, Learn Prolog Now!, §8.2
- Because real lexicons are big and complex, from a software engineering perspective it is best to write simple grammars that have a simple, well-defined way, of pulling out the information they need from vast lexicons. That is, grammars should be thought of as separate entities which can access the information contained in lexicons. We can then use specialised mechanisms for efficiently storing the lexicon and retrieving data from it.
- 2006, Patrick Blackburn · Johan Bos · Kristina Striegnitz, Learn Prolog Now!, §8.2
- Actual or presumed prescriptive notions about the correct use of a language.
- (computing theory) A formal system defining a formal language
- The basic rules or principles of a field of knowledge or a particular skill.
- 2011, Javier Solana and Daniel Innerarity, Project Syndicate, The New Grammar of Power:
- We must learn a new grammar of power in a world that is made up more of the common good – or the common bad – than of self-interest or national interest.
- 2011, Javier Solana and Daniel Innerarity, Project Syndicate, The New Grammar of Power:
- (Britain, archaic) A textbook.
- a grammar of geography
- (Britain) A grammar school.
- 2012, Graeme Paton, A green light for more grammars? (in The Daily Telegraph, 11 January 2012)
Synonyms
- (study & field of study in medieval Latin contexts): glomery
- (linguistics): morpho-syntax (from the relationship between morphology and syntax)
Hyponyms
- context-sensitive grammar
- finite-state grammar
- Turing-complete grammar
- normative grammar
Derived terms
Related terms
- glamour
- gramarye
Translations
Verb
grammar (third-person singular simple present grammars, present participle grammaring, simple past and past participle grammared)
- (obsolete, intransitive) To discourse according to the rules of grammar; to use grammar.
- She is in her Moods, and her Tenses:
I'll Grammar with you,
And make a trial how I can decline you
- She is in her Moods, and her Tenses:
See also
- grammar on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
- Appendix:Glossary of grammar
- Category:Grammar
Further reading
- grammar at The Septic's Companion: A British Slang Dictionary
Manx
Noun
grammar m (genitive singular [please provide], plural [please provide])
- grammar
Mutation
Synonyms
- grammeydys
Related terms
- grammeydagh
- neughrammeydoil
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lexicon
English
Etymology
Through Middle French or directly from New Latin lexicon, from Byzantine Greek ??????? (lexikón, “a lexicon, a dictionary”), ellipsis from Ancient Greek ??????? ??????? (lexikòn biblíon, literally “a book of words”), from ??????? (lexikós, “of words”), from ????? (léxis, “a saying, speech, word”), from ???? (lég?, “to speak”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *le?- (“to gather, collect”).
Attested at least since 1583 (in William Fulke's A Defense of the Sincere and True Translations of the Holy Scriptures into the English tongue) in the sense 'a dictionary of a classical language'.
Pronunciation
- (UK) IPA(key): /?l?k.s?.k?n/
- (US) enPR: l?k's?k?n, IPA(key): /?l?k.s?.k?n/
Noun
lexicon (plural lexica or lexicons)
- The vocabulary of a language.
- Synonyms: word-hoard, word-stock
- (lexicography, linguistics) A dictionary that includes or focuses on lexemes.
- Synonym: wordbook
- A dictionary of Classical Greek, Hebrew, Latin, or Aramaic.
- (programming) The lexicology of a programming language. (Usually called lexical structure.)
- (rare) Any dictionary.
- The vocabulary used by or known to an individual. (Also called lexical knowledge.)
- Coordinate term: idiolect
- A set of vocabulary specific to a certain subject.
- the baseball lexicon
- A list thereof.
- a baseball lexicon
- Synonym: glossary
Related terms
- lexical
- lexicography
- lexicology
- lexiconophilia
- lexiconophilist
Translations
Further reading
- lexicon in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
- lexicon in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
Anagrams
- lexonic
Dutch
Etymology
From New Latin lexicon, from Ancient Greek ??????? (lexikón, “a lexicon”), neuter of ??????? (lexikós, “of words”).
Pronunciation
- Hyphenation: lexi?con
Noun
lexicon n (plural lexicons or lexica, diminutive lexiconnetje n)
- (clarification of this definition is needed) lexicon
Further reading
- lexicon on the Dutch Wikipedia.Wikipedia nl
Latin
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Byzantine Greek ??????? (lexikón, “a lexicon”), which is an ellipsis from Ancient Greek ??????? ??????? (lexikòn biblíon, literally “a book of words”), from ??????? (lexikós, “of words”), from ????? (léxis, “a saying, speech, word”), from ???? (lég?, “to speak”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *le?- (“to gather, collect”).
Attested at least since Girolamo Aleandro's Lexicon graeco-latinum, multis et praeclaris additionibus locupletatum (1512).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /?lek.si.kon/, [????ks??k?n]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /?lek.si.kon/, [?l??zik?n]
Noun
lexicon n (genitive lexic?); second declension
- (New Latin) a dictionary, a lexicon
Declension
Second-declension noun (neuter, Greek-type).
Descendants
- ? Dutch: lexicon m
- ? German: Lexikon, Lexicon
- ? Czech: lexikon
- ? Hungarian: lexikon (“encyclopedia”)
- ? Swedish: lexikon
- ? Middle French: lexicon m
- French: lexique m
- ? English: lexicon (possibly; or directly from Latin)
References
- lexicon in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
- lexicon in Ramminger, Johann (accessed 16 July 2016) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700?[1], pre-publication website, 2005-2016
lexicon From the web:
- what lexicon means
- what lexicon words
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