different between glum vs irritable

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?l?m/
• Rhymes: -?m

Etymology 1

Probably from Middle Low German glum (“glum”), related to German dialectal glumm (“gloomy, troubled, turbid”). More at gloomy.

Adjective

glum (comparative glummer, superlative glummest)

1. despondent; moody; sullen
   • 1857-1859, William Makepeace Thackeray, The Virginians

     I […] frighten people by my glum face.

Translations

Etymology 2

From Middle English glomen, glommen, glomben, gloumben (“to frown, look sullen”), from *glom (“gloom”). More at gloom.

Verb

glum (third-person singular simple present glums, present participle glumming, simple past and past participle glummed)

1. (obsolete) To look sullen; to be of a sour countenance; to be glum.
   • 1509, Stephen Hawes, The Passetyme of Pleasure

     upon me he gan to loure and glum,
     Enforcing him so for to ryse withall,
     But that I shortly unto hem did cum,
     With his thre hedes he spytte all his venum

Noun

glum (uncountable)

1. (obsolete) sullenness
   • c. 1550, John Skelton, Colyn Cloute

     That they be deaf and dumb,
     And play silence and glum

English

Etymology

Borrowed from French irritable, from Latin irritabilis

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /????t?bl/

Adjective

irritable (comparative more irritable, superlative most irritable)

1. Capable of being irritated.
2. Easily exasperated or excited.

   an irritable old man

3. (medicine) Responsive to stimuli.

Synonyms

• See also Thesaurus:irritable

Derived terms

• irritably
• irritability
• irritable bowel syndrome

Translations

Catalan

Pronunciation

• (Balearic, Central) IPA^(key): /i.ri?ta.bl?/
• (Valencian) IPA^(key): /i.ri?ta.ble/

Adjective

irritable (masculine and feminine plural irritables)

1. irritable

Related terms

• irritabilitat
• irritant
• irritar

Further reading

• “irritable” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

Danish

Adjective

irritable

1. definite of irritabel
2. plural of irritabel

French

Adjective

irritable (plural irritables)

1. irritable

Related terms

• irritabilité
• irritant
• irriter

Further reading

• “irritable” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Norwegian Bokmål

Adjective

irritable

1. definite singular of irritabel
2. plural of irritabel

Norwegian Nynorsk

Adjective

irritable

1. definite singular of irritabel
2. plural of irritabel

Spanish

Etymology

From Latin irr?t?bilis. Cognate with English irritable.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /iri?table/, [i.ri?t?a.??le]

Adjective

irritable (plural irritables)

1. irritable, cranky, testy, tetchy, prickly, snappy, snarky, irritated

Derived terms

• síndrome del intestino irritable

Related terms

• irritabilidad
• irritante
• irritar

Further reading

• “irritable” in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014.