different between glum vs atrabilarian

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?l?m/
• Rhymes: -?m

Etymology 1

Probably from Middle Low German glum (“glum”), related to German dialectal glumm (“gloomy, troubled, turbid”). More at gloomy.

Adjective

glum (comparative glummer, superlative glummest)

1. despondent; moody; sullen
   • 1857-1859, William Makepeace Thackeray, The Virginians

     I […] frighten people by my glum face.

Translations

Etymology 2

From Middle English glomen, glommen, glomben, gloumben (“to frown, look sullen”), from *glom (“gloom”). More at gloom.

Verb

glum (third-person singular simple present glums, present participle glumming, simple past and past participle glummed)

1. (obsolete) To look sullen; to be of a sour countenance; to be glum.
   • 1509, Stephen Hawes, The Passetyme of Pleasure

     upon me he gan to loure and glum,
     Enforcing him so for to ryse withall,
     But that I shortly unto hem did cum,
     With his thre hedes he spytte all his venum

Noun

glum (uncountable)

1. (obsolete) sullenness
   • c. 1550, John Skelton, Colyn Cloute

     That they be deaf and dumb,
     And play silence and glum

English

Etymology

From Latin ?tra b?lis (“black bile”).

Adjective

atrabilarian (comparative more atrabilarian, superlative most atrabilarian)

1. Characterized by melancholy or glum; atrabilarious; atrabilious.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Arbuthnot to this entry?)

   • 1924, Ford Madox Ford, Some Do Not, volume 1 of Parade's End

     He stopped, he directed upon her his atrabilarian eyes, biting his umbrella handle; he was extremely nervous.

Related terms

• atrabilious