different between glasnost vs perestroika

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian ?????????? (glásnost?, “openness”).

Noun

glasnost (countable and uncountable, plural glasnosts)

1. (historical) 1980s and early 1990s policy of the Soviet Union under Gorbachev to allow more government transparency; often paired with perestroika
   • 2004, Chris Wallace, Character: Profiles in Presidential Courage

     Gorbachev would introduce glasnost (openness and freedom) and perestroika (economic restructuring) to Russia under his tenure, ultimately freeing thousands of political prisoners and dissidents and trying to address the shortages in food and goods that had become the hallmarks of the failing Soviet economy.

Derived terms

• glasnostian
• glasnostic

Translations

See also

• perestroika

Danish

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian ????????? (glasnost?).

Proper noun

glasnost c

1. glasnost

Finnish

Etymology

From Russian ?????????? (glásnost?, “openness”)

Noun

glasnost

1. glasnost

Declension

Portuguese

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian ?????????? (glásnost?, “openness”).

Pronunciation

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /?las.?n?st??/, /?las.?n?st/

Noun

glasnost f or m (rare) (uncountable)

1. (historical) glasnost (policy of transparency of the Soviet Union)

See also

• perestroika

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From gl?s.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?lâsno?st/
• Hyphenation: glas?nost

Noun

gl?sn?st f (Cyrillic spelling ??????????)

1. (uncountable) loudness
2. (uncountable) glasnost

Declension

References

• “glasnost” in Hrvatski jezi?ni portal

Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian ?????????? (glásnost?, “openness”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?(?)??sn?st]
• Hyphenation: glas?nost

Noun

glasnost (definite accusative glasnostu, plural glasnostlar)

1. glasnost

Declension

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian ???????????? (perestrójka, “restructuring”).

Pronunciation

• (US) IPA^(key): /p??.??st??i.k?/

Noun

perestroika (countable and uncountable, plural perestroikas)

1. (historical, uncountable) A program of political and economic reform carried out in the Soviet Union in the 1980s and early 1990s under the leadership of Mikhail Gorbachev.
   • 2004: Chris Wallace, Character: Profiles in Presidential Courage

     Gorbachev would introduce glasnost (openness and freedom) and perestroika (economic restructuring) to Russia under his tenure, ultimately freeing thousands of political prisoners and dissidents and trying to address the shortages in food and goods that had become the hallmarks of the failing Soviet economy.

2. (historical, uncountable) The period of time in the Soviet Union during which these reforms were carried out and in effect.
3. (countable, singularity theory) A situation where a small variation of parameters leads to a sudden change in properties.

Derived terms

• antiperestroika
• Perestroikan
• Salinastroika

Translations

See also

• doi moi
• glasnost

Finnish

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian ???????????? (perestrójka).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?perestroi?k?/, [?pe?re?s?t??ro?i?k?]
• Rhymes: -oik?
• Syllabification: pe?rest?roi?ka

Noun

perestroika

1. (historical) perestroika

Declension

Portuguese

Noun

perestroika f (plural perestroikas)

1. perestroika (reform in the Soviet Union in 1980s)