different between germany vs pen
germany
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pen
English
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /p?n/
- (pin–pen merger) IPA(key): /p?n/
- Rhymes: -?n
- Homophone: pin (pin-pen merger)
Etymology 1
From Middle English pen, penne (“enclosure for animals”), from Old English penn (“enclosure, fold, pen”), from Proto-Germanic *penn?, *pannij? (“pin, bolt, nail, tack”), from Proto-Indo-European *bend- (“pointed peg, nail, edge”).
Sense “prison” originally figurative extension to “enclosure for persons” (1845), later influenced by penitentiary (“prison”), being analyzed as an abbreviation (1884).
Noun
pen (plural pens)
- An enclosure (enclosed area) used to contain domesticated animals, especially sheep or cattle.
- (slang) Penitentiary, i.e. a state or federal prison for convicted felons.
- (baseball) The bullpen.
Derived terms
- bullpen
- Pen Mill (or perhaps from Etymology 3)
Related terms
- pin
Translations
Etymology 2
From Middle English pennen, from Old English *pennian (“to close, lock, bolt”, attested in onpennian (“to open”)), derived from penn (see above). Akin to Low German pennen (“to secure a door with a bolt”).
Verb
pen (third-person singular simple present pens, present participle penning, simple past and past participle penned or pent)
- (transitive) To enclose in a pen.
Derived terms
- pent
- pent-up
Translations
Etymology 3
From Middle English penne, from Anglo-Norman penne, from Old French penne, from Latin penna (“feather”), from Proto-Indo-European *péth?r? ~ pth?én- (“feather, wing”), from *peth?- (“to rush, fly”) (from which petition). Proto-Indo-European base also root of *petra-, from which Ancient Greek ?????? (pterón, “wing”) (whence pterodactyl), Sanskrit ?????? (patram, “wing, feather”), Old Church Slavonic ???? (pero, “pen”), Old Norse fj?ðr, Old English feðer (Modern English feather); note the /p/ ? /f/ Germanic sound change.
See feather and ??????? (pétomai) for more.
Noun
pen (plural pens)
- A tool, originally made from a feather but now usually a small tubular instrument, containing ink used to write or make marks.
- (figuratively) A writer, or his style.
- those learned pens
- (colloquial) Marks of ink left by a pen.
- A light pen.
- (zoology) The internal cartilage skeleton of a squid, shaped like a pen.
- (now rare, poetic, dialectal) A feather, especially one of the flight feathers of a bird, angel etc.
- (poetic) A wing.
Derived terms
Translations
Verb
pen (third-person singular simple present pens, present participle penning, simple past and past participle penned)
- (transitive) To write (an article, a book, etc.).
Translations
Etymology 4
Origin uncertain. Compare hen.
Noun
pen (plural pens)
- A female swan.
Translations
Etymology 5
Clipping of penalty.
Noun
pen (plural pens)
- (soccer, slang) Penalty.
References
Anagrams
- NEP, Nep, PNe, nep
Angloromani
Alternative forms
- pan, pey
Etymology
From Romani phen, from Sanskrit ????? (bhagin?).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [?p?en], [?pen], [p??n]
Noun
pen
- sister
- Synonyms: minnipen, rakla
Derived terms
References
- “pen” in The Manchester Romani Project, Angloromani Dictionary.
Cumbric
Etymology
From Proto-Brythonic *penn, from Proto-Celtic *k?ennom, of uncertain derivation.
Noun
pen
- head
- top, summit
References
- Attested in Cumbric toponymic compounds and phrasal names (Pen-y-Ghent)
Danish
Etymology 1
From late Old Norse penni, from Latin penna (“feather”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /p?n?/, [p??n?]
Noun
pen c (singular definite pennen, plural indefinite penne)
- pen
- quill
- pane, peen
Declension
Etymology 2
Adjective
pen (neuter pent, plural and definite singular attributive pene, comparative penere, superlative (predicative) penest, superlative (attributive) peneste)
- Obsolete spelling of pæn
Dutch
Etymology
From Middle Dutch penne, ultimately from Latin penna. This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /p?n/
- Hyphenation: pen
- Rhymes: -?n
Noun
pen f (plural pennen, diminutive pennetje n)
- pen (writing utensil)
- a long feather of a bird
- pin
- Synonym: pin
Derived terms
Descendants
- Afrikaans: pen
- ? Indonesian: pen
- ? Papiamentu: pen
Anagrams
- nep
Haitian Creole
Etymology
From French pain (“bread”)
Noun
pen
- bread
Indonesian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [?p?n]
- Hyphenation: pèn
Etymology 1
From Dutch pen, from Latin penna (“feather, pen”). Doublet of pena.
Noun
pèn (first-person possessive penku, second-person possessive penmu, third-person possessive pennya)
- (nonstandard) alternative form of pena (“pen”).
- (medicine) pin, metal used to fasten or as a bearing.
Etymology 2
Verb
pen
- (slang) Syncopic form of pengen
Further reading
- “pen” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) Daring, Jakarta: Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 2016.
Japanese
Romanization
pen
- R?maji transcription of ??
Mandarin
Romanization
pen
- Nonstandard spelling of p?n.
- Nonstandard spelling of pén.
- Nonstandard spelling of p?n.
- Nonstandard spelling of pèn.
Usage notes
- English transcriptions of Mandarin speech often fail to distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without the appropriate indication of tone.
Mapudungun
Verb
pen (using Raguileo Alphabet)
- to see
- Synonym: petun
Middle English
Etymology 1
From Anglo-Norman penne.
Noun
pen
- Alternative form of penne
Etymology 2
From Old English penn, from Proto-Germanic *penn?.
Alternative forms
- penne, peyn
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /p?n/
- Rhymes: -?n
Noun
pen
- A enclosed structure for securing animals.
Related terms
Descendants
- English: pen
- Scots: pen
References
- “pen, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-04-24.
Mindiri
Noun
pen
- woman
Further reading
- Malcolm Ross, Proto Oceanic and the Austronesian Languages of Western Melanesia, Pacific Linguistics, series C-98 (1988)
Norwegian Bokmål
Etymology
Possibly from French.
Adjective
pen (neuter singular pent, definite singular and plural pene, comparative penere, indefinite superlative penest, definite superlative peneste)
- nice
- neat
- beautiful, pretty
- handsome, good-looking
References
- “pen” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian Nynorsk
Etymology
Possibly from French.
Adjective
pen (neuter singular pent, definite singular and plural pene, comparative penare, indefinite superlative penast, definite superlative penaste)
- nice
- neat
- beautiful, pretty
- handsome, good-looking
References
- “pen” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Rade
Etymology
Borrowed from French pince.
Noun
pen
- pincers
Tok Pisin
Etymology 1
From English paint.
Noun
pen
- paint
Etymology 2
From English pen.
Noun
pen
- pen
Etymology 3
From English pain.
Noun
pen
- pain
Volapük
Noun
pen (nominative plural pens)
- pen
Declension
Welsh
Etymology
From Middle Welsh penn, from Proto-Brythonic *penn, from Proto-Celtic *k?ennom.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /p?n/
Noun
pen m (plural pennau)
- (anatomy) head
- chief
- top, apex
- end, extremity
Related terms
Adjective
pen (feminine singular pen, plural pen, equative penned, comparative pennach, superlative pennaf)
- head
- chief
- supreme, principal
Mutation
References
- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present) , “pen”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
pen From the web:
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