different between gallant vs squire

English

Alternative forms

• gallaunt (obsolete)

Etymology 1

From Middle English galant, galaunt, from Old French galant (“courteous; dashing; brave”), present participle of galer (“to rejoice; make merry”), from gale (“pomp; show; festivity; mirth”); either from Frankish *wala- (“good, well”), from Proto-Germanic *wal-, from Proto-Indo-European *welh?- (“to choose, wish”); or alternatively from Frankish *gail (“merry; mirthful; proud; luxuriant”), from Proto-Germanic *gailaz (“merry; excited; luxurious”), related to Dutch geil (“horny; lascivious; salacious; lecherous”), German geil (“randy; horny; lecherous; wicked”), Old English g?l (“wanton; wicked; bad”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??æl?nt/
• Rhymes: -æl?nt

Adjective

gallant (comparative more gallant, superlative most gallant)

1. brave, valiant.
2. honorable.

   • Captain Edward Carlisle […] felt a curious sensation of helplessness seize upon him as he met her steady gaze, […]; he could not tell what this prisoner might do. He cursed the fate which had assigned such a duty, cursed especially that fate which forced a gallant soldier to meet so superb a woman as this under handicap so hard.

3. grand, noble.
4. (obsolete) Showy; splendid; magnificent; gay; well-dressed.

   • This town [is built in a very gallant place.

Related terms

• gallantly
• gallantry

Translations

Etymology 2

From French

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /???lænt/, /??æl?nt/
• (US) IPA^(key): /???l?nt/, /??æl?nt/
• Rhymes: -ænt

Adjective

gallant (comparative more gallant, superlative most gallant)

1. Polite and attentive to ladies; courteous to women; chivalrous.

Translations

Noun

gallant (plural gallants)

1. (dated) A fashionable young man who is polite and attentive to women.
   • 1610, The Tempest, by Shakespeare, act 1 scene 2

     PROSPERO: […] this gallant which thou see'st / Was in the wrack; and but he's something stain'd / with grief,—that beauty's canker,—thou mightst call him / A goodly person […]

2. One who woos, a lover, a suitor, a seducer.
   • 1749, Henry Fielding, The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling

     […] they were discovered in a very improper manner by the husband of the gypsy, who, from jealousy it seems, had kept a watchful eye over his wife, and had dogged her to the place, where he found her in the arms of her gallant.

   • 1819, John Keats, Otho the Great, Act III, Scene II, verses 140–143

     The ignominy of that whisper’d tale / About a midnight gallant, seen to climb / A window to her chamber neighbour’d near, / I will from her turn off, […]

3. (nautical) topgallant

Translations

Verb

gallant (third-person singular simple present gallants, present participle gallanting, simple past and past participle gallanted)

1. (obsolete, transitive) To attend or wait on (a lady).

2. (obsolete, transitive) To handle with grace or in a modish manner.

References

• gallant in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.

Welsh

Alternative forms

• gallan (colloquial)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??a?ant/

Verb

gallant

1. (literary) third-person plural present/future of gallu

Mutation

English

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?skwa??/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /?skwa???/
• Rhymes: -a??(?)

Etymology 1

From Middle English esquire, from Old French escuier, from Latin sc?t?rius (“shield-bearer”), from sc?tum (“shield”).

Noun

squire (plural squires)

1. A shield-bearer or armor-bearer who attended a knight.
2. A title of dignity next in degree below knight, and above gentleman. See esquire.
3. A male attendant on a great personage.
4. A devoted attendant or follower of a lady; a beau.
5. A title of office and courtesy. See under esquire.
6. (Britain, colloquial) Term of address to a male equal.
   • 1969, Monty Python's Flying Circus, Dead Parrot sketch

     Sorry squire, I've had a look 'round the back of the shop, and uh, we're right out of parrots.

Derived terms

• squirearchy
• squiress

Translations

Verb

squire (third-person singular simple present squires, present participle squiring, simple past and past participle squired)

1. (transitive) To attend as a squire.
   • 14th century, Geoffrey Chaucer, The Canterbury Tales, “The Wife of Bath’s Prologue,” lines 303-307,^[1]

     And yet of our apprentice Ianekyn,

     For his crisp heer, shyninge as gold so fyn,

     And for he squiereth me bothe up and doun,

     Yet hastow caught a fals suspecioun;

     I wol hym noght, thogh thou were deed to-morwe.

2. (transitive) To attend as a beau, or gallant, for aid and protection.
   • 1753, Tobias Smollett, The Adventures of Ferdinand Count Fathom, Chapter 48, ^[2]

     On some occasions, he displayed all his fund of good humour, with a view to beguile her sorrow; he importuned her to give him the pleasure of squiring her to some place of innocent entertainment; and, finally, insisted upon her accepting a pecuniary reinforcement to her finances, which he knew to be in a most consumptive condition.

   • 1759, Oliver Goldsmith, “On Dress,” in The Bee, 13 October, 1759,^[3]

     Perceiving, however, that I had on my best wig, she offered, if I would ’squire her there, to send home the footman.

   • 1812, Henry Weber (ed.), The Works of Beaumont and Fletcher, Volume 3, p. 326, footnote 3,^[4]

     To man a lady was, in former times, a phrase similar to the vulgar one at present in use, to squire.

   • 1821, Walter Scott, Kenilworth, Chapter 4,^[5]

     Yes, such a thing as thou wouldst make of me should wear a book at his girdle instead of a poniard, and might just be suspected of manhood enough to squire a proud dame-citizen to the lecture at Saint Antonlin’s, and quarrel in her cause with any flat-capped threadmaker that would take the wall of her.

   • 1936, Margaret Mitchell, Gone with the Wind, Part One, Chapter 1,^[6]

     And raising good cotton, riding well, shooting straight, dancing lightly, squiring the ladies with elegance and carrying one’s liquor like a gentleman were the things that mattered.

   • 1988, Edmund White, The Beautiful Room is Empty, New York: Vintage International, 1994, Chapter Six,

     A butch entered squiring a blonde whore tottering along on spike heels under dairy whip hair, her chubby hand rising again and again to tuck a stray wisp back into the creamy dome.

   Synonym: escort

Etymology 2

From Middle English squire, borrowed from Middle French esquierre (“rule, carpenter's square”), or from Old French esquire, another form of esquarre (“square”). Cognate with French équerre. Doublet of square.

Noun

squire (plural squires)

1. (obsolete) A ruler; a carpenter's square; a measure.
   • 1598, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene

     But temperaunce, said he, with golden squire, / Betwixt them both can measure out a meane.

   • 1598, William Shakespeare, Love's Labour's Lost, V, 2, 474.

     do not you know my lady's foot by the squire.

   • as for a workman not to know his axe, saw, squire, or any other toole, […].

   • 1628, William Shakespeare, The Winter's Tale, IV, 4, 348.

     twelve foot and a half by the squire.

Anagrams

• Squier, quires, risque, risqué, squier