different between froth vs fume

English

Etymology

From Middle English froth, frooth, froþ, likely a borrowing from Old Norse froða, from Proto-Germanic *fruþ?; Old English ?fr?oþan (“to foam, froth”) is from same Germanic root. Verb attested from late 14th century.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /f???/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /f???/
• (cot–caught merger, Canada) IPA^(key): /f???/
• Rhymes: -??, Rhymes: -???

Noun

froth (countable and uncountable, plural froths)

1. foam

2. (figuratively) unimportant events or actions; drivel

   Thousands of African children die each day: why do the newspapers continue to discuss unnecessary showbiz froth?

Derived terms

Translations

Verb

froth (third-person singular simple present froths, present participle frothing, simple past and past participle frothed)

1. (transitive) To create froth in (a liquid).
   • 1859, Charles Dickens, A Tale of Two Cities, Book Two, Chapter 7, [1]

     One lacquey carried the chocolate-pot into the sacred presence; a second, milled and frothed the chocolate with the little instrument he bore for that function; a third, presented the favoured napkin; a fourth (he of the two gold watches), poured the chocolate out.

   I like to froth my coffee for ten seconds exactly.

2. (intransitive) (of a liquid) To bubble.
   • 1842, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, “The Wreck of the Hesperus,” lines 21-4, [2]

     Colder and louder blew the wind,

     A gale from the Northeast,

     The snow fell hissing in the brine,

     And the billows frothed like yeast.

   • 1973, “Black Day in Brussels,” Time, 19 February, 1973, [3]

     English beer, along with European brews, is already the subject of an EEC investigation to determine whether additives like stabilizers (used to prevent frothing during shipment) should be allowed.

3. (transitive) To spit, vent, or eject, as froth.
   • 1690, John Dryden, Don Sebastian, a Tragedy, Act I, Scene 1, [4]

     The Mufti reddens; mark that holy cheek.

     He frets within, froths treason at his mouth,

     And churns it thro’ his teeth […]

   • 1859, Alfred, Lord Tennyson, “Merlin and Vivien” in Idylls of the King, [5]

     […] is your spleen frothed out, or have ye more?

4. (intransitive) (literally) To spew saliva as froth; (figuratively) to rage, vent one's anger.
   • 1958, Nikos Kazantzakis, The Odyssey: A Modern Sequel (1938), translated by Kimon Friar, London: Secker and Warburg, Book XIII,

     The clumsy suckling struck out with her still soft claws,

     opened her frothing mouth until her milk teeth shone.

   • 1962, “Riding Crime's Crest” in Time, 25 April, 1962, [6]

     As doctors tried in vain to save April's right eye, news stories frothed at her assailant. He was “fiendish” (the Examiner), “sadistic” (the News-Call Bulletin), “probably a sexual psychopath” (the Chronicle).

5. (transitive) To cover with froth.

   A horse froths his chain.

Translations

Derived terms

• frothy
• froth at the mouth
• froth up

References

Anagrams

• Forth, forth, forth-

English

Etymology

From Middle English [Term?], from Old French fum (“smoke, steam, vapour”), from Latin f?mus (“vapour, smoke”), from Proto-Indo-European *d?uh?mós (“smoke”), from *d?ewh?- (“to smoke, raise dust”). Doublet of thymus and thymos. More at dun, dusk, dust.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /fju?m/
• Rhymes: -u?m

Noun

fume (plural fumes)

1. A gas or vapour/vapor that is strong-smelling or dangerous to inhale.
   • 1753, Thomas Warton, Ode

     the fumes of new-shorn hay

2. A material that has been vaporized from the solid or liquid state to the gas state and re-coalesced to the solid state.

3. Rage or excitement which deprives the mind of self-control.

   • The Fumes of his Passion do as really intoxicate and confound his judging and discerning Faculty , as the Fumes of Drink discompose and stupify the Brain of a Man over - charged with it.

4. Anything unsubstantial or airy; idle conceit; vain imagination.
   • 1623, Francis Bacon, A Discourse of a War with Spain

     a show of fumes and fancies

5. The incense of praise; inordinate flattery.
   • 1638, Robert Burton, The Anatomy of Melancholy

     to smother him with fumes and eulogies

6. (obsolete) A passionate person.

Usage notes

• In the sense of strong-smelling or dangerous vapor, the noun is typically plural, as in the example.

Translations

Verb

fume (third-person singular simple present fumes, present participle fuming, simple past and past participle fumed)

1. (transitive) To expose (something) to fumes; specifically, to expose wood, etc., to ammonia in order to produce dark tints.
2. (transitive) To apply or offer incense to.
3. (intransitive) To emit fumes.
4. (intransitive) To pass off in fumes or vapours.

   • whose parts are kept from fuming away, not only by their fixity […]

5. (intransitive, figuratively) To express or feel great anger.

   • He frets, he fumes, he stares, he stamps the ground.
6. (intransitive, figuratively) To be as in a mist; to be dulled and stupefied.

Translations

Asturian

Verb

fume

1. first-person singular present subjunctive of fumar
2. third-person singular present subjunctive of fumar

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fym/

Verb

fume

1. first-person singular present indicative of fumer
2. third-person singular present indicative of fumer
3. first-person singular present subjunctive of fumer
4. third-person singular present subjunctive of fumer
5. second-person singular imperative of fumer

Anagrams

• meuf

Galician

Alternative forms

• fumo

Etymology

Attested since circa 1300. From Old Galician and Old Portuguese fumo (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin f?mus. Cognate with Portuguese fumo and Spanish humo.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?fume?/

Noun

fume m (plural fumes)

1. smoke
   • c1300, R. Martínez López (ed.), General Estoria. Versión gallega del siglo XIV. Oviedo: Publicacións de Archivum, page 209:

     coyda que o bafo et fume daquel fogo que ensuzou et [empoçoou] as agoas et aterra daly

     he thinks that the fumes and the smoke of that fire defiled and poisoned the waters and the soil there

   • 1348, J. Méndez Pérez & al. (eds.), El monasterio de San Salvador de Chantada, Santiago de Compostela: I. Padre Sarmiento, page 326:

     a vida deste mundo he asy como a sonbra, et quando ome se deleyta en ella he asy como o fumo que se vay logo

     the life in this world is like the shadow, and when a man delight in it is like the 'smoke, which soon goes away

2. fume

   Synonyms: bafo, vapor

3. (figuratively, in the plural) haughtiness

Related terms

• afumar
• fumar
• fumegar
• fumeiro
• fumador
• fumaxe

Verb

fume

1. first-person singular present subjunctive of fumar
2. third-person singular present subjunctive of fumar

References

• “fume” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006-2012.
• “fume” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006-2016.
• “fume” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006-2013.
• “fume” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
• “fume” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

Latin

Noun

f?me

1. vocative singular of f?mus

Middle English

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Old French fum, from Latin f?mus, from Proto-Indo-European *d?uh?mós.

Alternative forms

• fwme, feum, fewme

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fiu?m/

Noun

fume (plural fumes)

1. Visible gaseous emanations; fumes or smoke.
2. Any sort of vapour or gaseous emanation.
3. (physiology) Fumes as the supposed cause of feelings.
4. (rare) An airborne scent or odour.

Related terms

• fumen
• fumerelle
• fumosite
• fumous
• fumygacioun
• fumyter

Descendants

• English: fume
• Scots: fume

References

• “f?me, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-09-03.

Etymology 2

From Old French fumer.

Verb

fume

1. Alternative form of fumen

Norwegian Nynorsk

Verb

fume (present tense fumar, past tense fuma, past participle fuma, passive infinitive fumast, present participle fumande, imperative fum)

1. form removed with the spelling reform of 2012; superseded by fomme

Portuguese

Pronunciation

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /?fu.mi/

Verb

fume

1. first-person singular (eu) present subjunctive of fumar
2. third-person singular (ele and ela, also used with você and others) present subjunctive of fumar
3. third-person singular (você) affirmative imperative of fumar
4. third-person singular (você) negative imperative of fumar

Spanish

Verb

fume

1. Formal second-person singular (usted) imperative form of fumar.
2. First-person singular (yo) present subjunctive form of fumar.
3. Formal second-person singular (usted) present subjunctive form of fumar.
4. Third-person singular (él, ella, also used with usted^?) present subjunctive form of fumar.

Tarantino

Noun

fume

1. smoke