different between frank vs patent

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /f?æ?k/
• Rhymes: -æ?k
• Homophones: franc, Frank

Etymology 1

Middle English, from Old French franc (“free”), in turn from the name of an early Germanic confederation, the Franks.

Adjective

frank (comparative franker, superlative frankest)

1. honest, especially in a manner that seems slightly blunt; candid; not reserved or disguised.

2. (medicine) unmistakable, clinically obvious, self-evident

3. (obsolete) Unbounded by restrictions, limitations, etc.; free.

   • It is of frank gift.

4. (obsolete) Liberal; generous; profuse.
5. (obsolete, derogatory) Unrestrained; loose; licentious.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Spenser to this entry?)

Derived terms

• frankly

Translations

Noun

frank (plural franks)

1. (uncountable) Free postage, a right exercised by governments (usually with definite article).
   • October 5, 1780, William Cowper, letter to Rev. William Unwin

     I have said so much, that, if I had not a frank, I must burn my letter and begin again.

2. (countable) The notice on an envelope where a stamp would normally be found.

Verb

frank (third-person singular simple present franks, present participle franking, simple past and past participle franked)

1. To place a frank on an envelope.
   • 1811, Jane Austen, Sense and Sensibility, chapter 20

     It will be so ridiculous to see all his letters directed to him with an M.P.—But do you know, he says, he will never frank for me?

2. To exempt from charge for postage, as a letter, package, or packet, etc.
3. To send by public conveyance free of expense.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Charles Dickens to this entry?)

Translations

See also

• prepay

Etymology 2

Shortened form of frankfurter.

Noun

frank (plural franks)

1. A hot dog or sausage.

   Synonyms: frankfurt, frankfurter

Related terms

• cocktail frank

See also

• sav
• savaloy

Etymology 3

Noun

frank (plural franks)

1. (Britain) The grey heron.

Etymology 4

From Old French franc.

Noun

frank (plural franks)

1. A pigsty.

Verb

frank (third-person singular simple present franks, present participle franking, simple past and past participle franked)

1. To shut up in a frank or sty; to pen up; hence, to cram; to fatten.

Czech

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?fra?k]
• Rhymes: -a?k

Noun

frank m

1. franc (former currency of France and some other countries)
2. franc (any of several units of currency such as Swiss franc)

Further reading

• frank in P?íru?ní slovník jazyka ?eského, 1935–1957
• frank in Slovník spisovného jazyka ?eského, 1960–1971, 1989

Dutch

Alternative forms

• vrank (archaic, except in the expression vrank en vrij)

Etymology

From Middle Dutch vranc.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fr??k/
• Hyphenation: frank
• Rhymes: -??k
• Homophone: Frank

Adjective

frank (comparative franker, superlative frankst)

1. frank, candid, blunt, open-hearted
2. (dated) cheeky, brazen

Inflection

Derived terms

• frank en vrij

Estonian

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

frank (genitive [please provide], partitive [please provide])

1. franc

Declension

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

German

Etymology

From Middle High German franc, from Old French franc (“free”), of Germanic but eventually uncertain origin.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /f?a?k/

Adjective

frank (not comparable)

1. (archaic) frank

Usage notes

• Now almost exclusively used in the (also somewhat dated) expression frank und frei.

Declension

Further reading

• “frank” in Duden online

Polish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /frank/

Noun

frank m anim

1. franc

Usage notes

Unqualified modern usage typically refers to the Swiss franc.

Declension

English

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?pe?t?nt/, /?pæ-/
• (General American) enPR: p?t??nt, p?t??nt, IPA^(key): /?pæt?nt/, [p?æ??n?t], /?pe?-/, [p?e??-]
• Hyphenation: pa?tent

Etymology 1

The noun is derived from Middle English patent (“document granting an office, property, right, title, etc.; document granting permission, licence; papal indulgence, pardon”) [and other forms], which is either:

• a clipping of lettre patent, lettres patente, lettres patentes [and other forms]; or
• directly from Anglo-Norman and Middle French patente (modern French patent), a clipping of Anglo-Norman lettres patentes, Middle French lettres patentes, lettre patente, and Old French patentes lettres (“document granting an office, privilege, right, etc., or making a decree”) (compare Late Latin patens, littera patens, litterae patentes).

For the derivation of Anglo-Norman and Middle French patente (adjective) in lettre patente, see etymology 2 below.

The verb is derived from the noun.

Noun

patent (countable and uncountable, plural patents)

1. (law)
   1. An official document granting an appointment, privilege, or right, or some property or title; letters patent.
   2. (specifically)
      1. (originally) A grant of a monopoly over the manufacture, sale, and use of goods.
      2. A declaration issued by a government agency that the inventor of a new invention has the sole privilege of making, selling, or using the claimed invention for a specified period.
   3. (US, historical) A specific grant of ownership of a piece of real property; a land patent.
2. (by extension) A product in respect of which a patent (sense 1.2.2) has been obtained.
3. (uncountable) Short for patent leather (“a varnished, high-gloss leather typically used for accessories and shoes”).
4. (figuratively)
   1. A licence or (formal) permission to do something.
   2. A characteristic or quality that one possesses; in particular (hyperbolic) as if exclusively; a monopoly.

Derived terms

Translations

Verb

patent (third-person singular simple present patents, present participle patenting, simple past and past participle patented)

1. (transitive, law)
   1. To (successfully) register (a new invention) with a government agency to obtain the sole privilege of its manufacture, sale, and use for a specified period.
   2. (US, historical) To obtain (over a piece of real property) a specific grant of ownership.
2. (transitive, figuratively) To be closely associated or identified with (something); to monopolize.

Derived terms

Translations

Etymology 2

From Middle English patent, patente (“wide open; clear, unobstructed; unlimited; of a document: available for public inspection”) [and other forms], from Anglo-Norman and Middle French patent (modern French patent), and directly from their etymon Latin pat?ns (“open; accessible, passable; evident, manifest; exposed, vulnerable”), the present active participle of pate? (“to be open; to be accessible, attainable; to be exposed, vulnerable; of frontiers or land: to extent, increase”), from Proto-Indo-European *peth?- (“to spread out; to fly”).

Adjective

patent (comparative more patent, superlative most patent)

1. Conspicuous; open; unconcealed.

   Synonym: overt

   1. (baking) Of flour: fine, and consisting mostly of the inner part of the endosperm of the grain from which it is milled.
   2. (medicine) Open, unobstructed; specifically, especially of the ductus arteriosus or foramen ovale in the heart, having not closed as would have happened in normal development.

   3. (medicine, veterinary medicine) Of an infection: in the phase when the organism causing it can be detected by clinical tests.
2. Explicit and obvious.

   Synonyms: express, monosemous, unambiguous; see also Thesaurus:explicit, Thesaurus:obvious
3. (archaic)
   1. Especially of a document conferring some privilege or right: open to public perusal or use.

   2. Appointed or conferred by letters patent.
4. (botany) Of a branch, leaf, etc.: outspread; also, spreading at right angles to the axis.
5. (law) Protected by a legal patent.

   Synonym: patented
6. (by extension, figuratively) To which someone has, or seems to have, a claim or an exclusive claim; also, inventive or particularly suited for.

Derived terms

Translations

References

Further reading

• patent on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Anagrams

• Patten, patten, pét-nat

Catalan

Pronunciation

• (Balearic) IPA^(key): /p??tent/
• (Central) IPA^(key): /p??ten/
• (Valencian) IPA^(key): /pa?tent/

Noun

patent m (plural patents)

1. patent

Czech

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?pat?nt]

Noun

patent m

1. patent (declaration issued by a government to an inventor)

Derived terms

• patentový

Danish

Noun

patent n (singular definite patentet, plural indefinite patenter)

1. patent

Declension

Related terms

References

• “patent” in Den Danske Ordbog

Dutch

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pa??t?nt/
• Hyphenation: pa?tent
• Rhymes: -?nt

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Middle French patente, from lettres patentes (“letter in which a privilege is granted”), from Latin litterae patentes.

Noun

patent n (plural patenten, diminutive patentje n)

1. patent [from 16th c.]

   Synonym: octrooi

Derived terms

• patentrecht

Descendants

• ? Indonesian: paten

Etymology 2

Borrowed from German patent, originating in student slang. Related to etymology 1.

Adjective

patent (comparative patenter, superlative patentst)

1. excellent, exquisite [from mid 19th c.]

   Synonyms: geweldig, voortreffelijk

Inflection

German

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

Adjective

patent (comparative patenter, superlative am patentesten)

1. clever
2. ingenious

Declension

Further reading

• “patent” in Duden online

Latin

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /?pa.tent/, [?pät??n?t?]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /?pa.tent/, [?p??t??n?t?]

Verb

patent

1. third-person plural present active indicative of pate?

Middle English

Etymology 1

From a short form of lettres patentes, from Anglo-Norman lettre patente (“open letter”), from Latin littera patens.

Alternative forms

• patente, patentt

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pa?t?nt/, /?pat?nt/

Noun

patent (plural patentes)

1. A letter conferring a privilege or status.
2. Such a privilege or status conferred.
3. (rare) A letter conferring other advantages.

Descendants

• English: patent (noun)

References

• “patent(e, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Etymology 2

From Middle French patent, from Old French, from Latin pat?ns.

Alternative forms

• patente

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pa?t?nt/, /?pat?nt/

Adjective

patent

1. (rare) open, unconfined, unrestricted

Descendants

• English: patent (adjective)

References

• “patent(e, adj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Etymology 3

Noun

patent

1. Alternative form of patene

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

Short form of Anglo-Norman lettre patente.

Noun

patent n (definite singular patentet, indefinite plural patent or patenter, definite plural patenta or patentene)

1. patent

Related terms

• patentere

References

• “patent” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

Short form of Anglo-Norman lettre patente.

Noun

patent n (definite singular patentet, indefinite plural patent, definite plural patenta)

1. patent

References

• “patent” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Polish

Etymology

From French patente, from Latin pat?ns.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?pa.t?nt/

Noun

patent m inan

1. patent (official declaration that someone is the inventor of something)

Declension

Further reading

• patent in Wielki s?ownik j?zyka polskiego, Instytut J?zyka Polskiego PAN
• patent in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Romanian

Etymology

From French patent.

Adjective

patent m or n (feminine singular patent?, masculine plural paten?i, feminine and neuter plural patente)

1. patent

Declension

Serbo-Croatian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /p?tent/
• Hyphenation: pa?tent

Noun

pàtent m (Cyrillic spelling ???????)

1. patent (official declaration that someone is the inventor of something)

Declension

Swedish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pa?t?nt/

Noun

patent n

1. patent

Declension

Related terms

Anagrams

• patten