different between fortified vs barbican

English

Pronunciation

• (General American) IPA^(key): /?f??t?fa?d/
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?f??t?fa?d/
• Hyphenation: for?ti?fied

Verb

fortified

1. simple past tense and past participle of fortify

Synonyms

• castellate, castellated, incastled, encastled, incastellated, encastellated

Translations

Noun

fortified (plural fortifieds)

1. A fortified wine.
   • 2012, Barbara Santich, Bold Palates: Australia's Gastronomic Heritage (page 136)

     In 1969 output of table wines exceeded that of fortifieds for the first time, and by 1973 more than twice as much table wine as fortified was being produced.

English

Alternative forms

• barbacan

Etymology

From Old French barbacane, of uncertain origin: compare Arabic ???????? (barba?, “aqueduct, sewer”), and Persian ????????? (bâb-khâne, “gatehouse”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?b??(?)b?k?n/

Noun

barbican (plural barbicans)

1. A tower at the entrance to a castle or fortified town
2. A fortress at the end of a bridge.
3. An opening in the wall of a fortress through which the guns are levelled; a narrow loophole through which arrows and other missiles may be shot.
   • 1922 James Joyce, Ulysses 11:

     Two shafts of soft daylight fell across the flagged floor from the high barbacans.

4. A temporary wooden tower built for defensive purposes.

Synonyms

• (entryway fortification): see guardhouse

Translations

See also

• bartisan

References

• Samuel Johnson, Dictionary of the English Language (1766)
• John A. Simpson and Edward S. C. Weiner, editors (1989) , “barbican”, in The Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford: Clarendon Press, ?ISBN