different between force vs throw

English

Pronunciation

• (General American) enPR: fôrs, IPA^(key): /f??s/
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /f??s/
• (rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger) enPR: f?rs, IPA^(key): /fo(?)?s/
• (non-rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger) IPA^(key): /fo?s/
• Rhymes: -??(?)s

Etymology 1

From Middle English force, fors, forse, from Old French force, from Late Latin or Vulgar Latin *fortia, from neuter plural of Latin fortis (“strong”).

Noun

force (countable and uncountable, plural forces)

1. Strength or energy of body or mind; active power; vigour; might; capacity of exercising an influence or producing an effect.
2. Power exerted against will or consent; compulsory power; violence; coercion.
   • 1591, William Shakespeare, Henry VI, part II

     which now they hold by force, and not by right

3. (countable) Anything that is able to make a substantial change in a person or thing.
4. (countable, physics) A physical quantity that denotes ability to push, pull, twist or accelerate a body and which has a direction and is measured in a unit dimensioned in mass × distance/time² (ML/T²): SI: newton (N); CGS: dyne (dyn)
5. Something or anything that has the power to produce a physical effect upon something else, such as causing it to move or change shape.
6. (countable) A group that aims to attack, control, or constrain.
   • 1611, William Shakespeare, Cymbeline

     Is Lucius general of the forces?

   • "A fine man, that Dunwody, yonder," commented the young captain, as they parted, and as he turned to his prisoner. "We'll see him on in Washington some day. He is strengthening his forces now against Mr. Benton out there. […]."
8. (uncountable) The ability to attack, control, or constrain.

9. (countable) A magic trick in which the outcome is known to the magician beforehand, especially one involving the apparent free choice of a card by another person.
10. (law) Legal validity.

11. (law) Either unlawful violence, as in a "forced entry", or lawful compulsion.
12. (linguistics, semantics, pragmatics) Ability of an utterance or its element (word, form, prosody, ...) to effect a given meaning.
13. (humorous or science fiction, with the, often capitalized) A metaphysical and ubiquitous power from the fictional Star Wars universe created by George Lucas. See usage note. [1977]
14. Synonym of police force (“typically with preceding "the"”)

Usage notes

• Adjectives often applied to "force": military, cultural, economic, gravitational, electric, magnetic, strong, weak, positive, negative, attractive, repulsive, good, evil, dark, physical, muscular, spiritual, intellectual, mental, emotional, rotational, tremendous, huge.
• (science fiction): Outside of fiction, the force may be used as an alternative to invoking luck, destiny, or God. For example, the force was with him instead of luck was on his side, or may the force be with you instead of may God be with you.

Hyponyms

Derived terms

• may the Force be with you
• workforce

Related terms

Translations

References

• force on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Etymology 2

From Middle English forcen, from Old French forcer, from Late Latin *forti?re, from Latin fortia.

Verb

force (third-person singular simple present forces, present participle forcing, simple past and past participle forced)

1. (transitive) To violate (a woman); to rape. [from 14^thc.]
2. (obsolete, reflexive, intransitive) To exert oneself, to do one's utmost. [from 14^thc.]

   • And I pray you for my sake to force yourselff there, that men may speke you worshyp.

3. (transitive) To compel (someone or something) to do something. [from 15^thc.]

   • Captain Edward Carlisle […] felt a curious sensation of helplessness seize upon him as he met her steady gaze, […]; he could not tell what this prisoner might do. He cursed the fate which had assigned such a duty, cursed especially that fate which forced a gallant soldier to meet so superb a woman as this under handicap so hard.

   • 2011, Tim Webb & Fiona Harvey, The Guardian, 23 March:

     Housebuilders had warned that the higher costs involved would have forced them to build fewer homes and priced many homebuyers out of the market.

4. (transitive) To constrain by force; to overcome the limitations or resistance of. [from 16^thc.]
5. (transitive) To drive (something) by force, to propel (generally + prepositional phrase or adverb). [from 16^thc.]

   • It stuck so fast, so deeply buried lay / That scarce the victor forced the steel away.

   • Ethelbert […] ordered that none should be forced into religion.

   • 2007, The Guardian, 4 November:

     In a groundbreaking move, the Pentagon is compensating servicemen seriously hurt when an American tank convoy forced them off the road.

6. (transitive) To cause to occur (despite inertia, resistance etc.); to produce through force. [from 16^thc.]
   • 2009, "All things to Althingi", The Economist, 23 July:

     The second problem is the economy, the shocking state of which has forced the decision to apply to the EU.

7. (transitive) To forcibly open (a door, lock etc.). [from 17^thc.]

8. To obtain or win by strength; to take by violence or struggle; specifically, to capture by assault; to storm, as a fortress.
9. (transitive, baseball) To create an out by touching a base in advance of a runner who has no base to return to while in possession of a ball which has already touched the ground.

10. (whist) To compel (an adversary or partner) to trump a trick by leading a suit that he/she does not hold.
11. (archaic) To put in force; to cause to be executed; to make binding; to enforce.
    • c. 1613, John Webster, The Duchess of Malfi

      What can the church force more?

12. (archaic) To provide with forces; to reinforce; to strengthen by soldiers; to man; to garrison.
13. (obsolete) To allow the force of; to value; to care for.

Derived terms

Translations

See also

• Imperial unit: foot pound
• metric unit: newton
• coerce: To control by force.

Etymology 3

From Middle English force, forz, fors, from Old Norse fors (“waterfall”), from Proto-Germanic *fursaz (“waterfall”). Cognate with Icelandic foss (“waterfall”), Norwegian foss (“waterfall”), Swedish fors (“waterfall”). Doublet of foss.

Noun

force (plural forces)

1. (countable, Northern England) A waterfall or cascade.
   • 1778, Thomas West, A Guide to the Lakes in Cumberland, Westmorland, and Lancashire

     to see the falls or force of the river Kent

Derived terms

• forcefall

Translations

Etymology 4

From Middle English forcen, forsen, a use of force, with confusion of farce (“to stuff”).

Verb

force (third-person singular simple present forces, present participle forcing, simple past and past participle forced)

1. To stuff; to lard; to farce.

Derived terms

• forcemeat

Further reading

• force at OneLook Dictionary Search
• force in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• force in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

Anagrams

• Cofer, Corfe, corfe

French

Etymology

From Middle French force, from Old French force, from Late Latin or Vulgar Latin *fortia, re-analyzed as a feminine singular from the neuter plural of Latin fortis. Compare Catalan força, Portuguese força, Italian forza, Spanish fuerza.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /f??s/
• Rhymes: -??s
• Homophones: forcent, forces

Noun

force f (plural forces)

1. force
2. strength

Synonyms

• pouvoir
• puissance
• violence

Derived terms

Adjective

force (invariable)

1. (archaic) Many; a lot of; a great quantity of.

Verb

force

1. first/third-person singular present indicative of forcer
2. first/third-person singular present subjunctive of forcer
3. second-person singular imperative of forcer

Further reading

• “force” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Middle French

Etymology

From Old French force.

Noun

force f (plural forces)

1. force (physical effort; physical might)

Descendants

• French: force

Old French

Alternative forms

• forche (Picardy, Old Northern French)
• fors

Etymology

From Late Latin or Vulgar Latin *fortia, re-analyzed as a feminine singular from the neuter plural of Latin fortis.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?f?r.t?s?/

Noun

force f (oblique plural forces, nominative singular force, nominative plural forces)

1. strength; might

Related terms

• esforcer
• esfort
• fort
• forteresce

Descendants

• Middle French: force
  • French: force
• Walloon: foice
• ? Middle English: force / fors / forse
  • English: force

Portuguese

Verb

force

1. first-person singular (eu) present subjunctive of forçar
2. third-person singular (ele and ela, also used with você and others) present subjunctive of forçar
3. third-person singular (você) affirmative imperative of forçar
4. third-person singular (você) negative imperative of forçar

English

Pronunciation

• (UK) enPR: thr?, IPA^(key): /????/, [??????]
• (US) enPR: thr?, IPA^(key): /??o?/, [????o?]
• Rhymes: -??
• Homophone: throe

Etymology 1

From Middle English throwen, thrawen, from Old English þr?wan (“to turn, twist, curl, rack, torture, turn around”), from Proto-West Germanic *þr?an, from Proto-Germanic *þr?an? (“to twist, turn”), from Proto-Indo-European *terh?- (“to rub, rub by twisting, twist, turn”). Cognate with Scots thraw (“to twist, turn, throw”), West Frisian triuwe (“to push”), Dutch draaien (“to turn”), Low German draien, dreien (“to turn (in a lathe)”), German drehen (“to turn”), Danish dreje (“to turn”), Swedish dreja (“to turn”), Albanian dredh (“to turn, twist, tremble”), Bulgarian ??????????? (izt?rvávam, “to drop”).

Verb

throw (third-person singular simple present throws, present participle throwing, simple past threw, past participle thrown)

1. (transitive) To hurl; to cause an object to move rapidly through the air.

   Synonyms: bowl, bung, buzz, cast, catapult, chuck, dash, direct, fire, fling, flip, heave, hurl, launch, lob, pitch, project, propel, send, shoot, shy, sling, toss, whang

2. (transitive) To eject or cause to fall off.

   Synonyms: eject, throw off

3. (transitive) To move to another position or condition; to displace.

   Synonyms: displace, relocate

4. (ceramics) To make (a pot) by shaping clay as it turns on a wheel.
5. (transitive, cricket, of a bowler) to deliver (the ball) illegally by straightening the bowling arm during delivery.
6. (transitive, computing) To send (an error) to an exception-handling mechanism in order to interrupt normal processing.

7. (sports, video games) To intentionally lose a game.
   • 2012, August 1. Peter Walker and Haroon Siddique in Guardian Unlimited, Eight Olympic badminton players disqualified for 'throwing games'

     Four pairs of women's doubles badminton players, including the Chinese top seeds, have been ejected from the Olympic tournament for trying to throw matches in an effort to secure a more favourable quarter-final draw.

   Synonym: take a dive

8. (transitive, informal) To confuse or mislead.
9. (figuratively) To send desperately.
10. (transitive) To imprison.
    • 1818, Mary Shelley, Frankenstein

      The plot of Felix was quickly discovered, and De Lacey and Agatha were thrown into prison.

    • 1993, Margaret McKee, Fred Chisenhall, Beale black & blue: life and music on black America's main street - Page 30

      The standard method of dealing with an addict was to arrest him, throw him into a cell, and leave him until the agonizing pangs of withdrawal were over.

11. To organize an event, especially a party.
    • 1979, Working Mother, July 1979, Page 72[1]

      Should you be interested, for whatever reason, it will tell you how to throw a party for your 40-year-old husband or your 100-year-old great-grandmother. It also describes games that can be played at various kinds of parties […]

12. (transitive, intransitive) To roll (a die or dice).
    • 1844, Samuel Laing translating Snorri Sturluson, Heimskringla

      The kings came to the agreement between themselves that they would cast lots by the dice to determine who should have this property, and that he who threw the highest should have the district. The Swedish king threw two sixes, and said King Olaf need scarcely throw.

13. (transitive) To cause a certain number on the die or dice to be shown after rolling it.
    • 1844, Samuel Laing translating Snorri Sturluson, Heimskringla

      The kings came to the agreement between themselves that they would cast lots by the dice to determine who should have this property, and that he who threw the highest should have the district. The Swedish king threw two sixes, and said King Olaf need scarcely throw.

14. (transitive, bridge) To discard.
15. (martial arts) To lift the opponent off the ground and bring him back down, especially into a position behind the thrower.
16. (transitive, said of one's voice) To change in order to give the illusion that the voice is that of someone else.
17. (transitive) To show sudden emotion, especially anger.
    • 1991, Janet L. Davies, Ellen Hastings Janosik, Mental health and psychiatric nursing: a caring approach

      Bill runs into the kitchen and tells Dad that Erik is throwing a tantrum. He tells Bill to go back and watch his program and to ignore his brother. Fifteen minutes later, Erik is still screaming […]

    • 1996, New York Magazine, Vol. 29, No. 32, 19 Aug 1996; Entertaining Mrs Stone

      In 1975, pregnant with the second of her three children, she threw a hissy fit to get on a trip to Boston for elected officials.

18. (transitive) To project or send forth.
19. To put on hastily; to spread carelessly.
20. To twist two or more filaments of (silk, etc.) so as to form one thread; to twist together, as singles, in a direction contrary to the twist of the singles themselves; sometimes applied to the whole class of operations by which silk is prepared for the weaver.

    (Can we find and add a quotation of Tomlinson to this entry?)

21. (baseball, slang, of a team, a manager, etc.) To select (a pitcher); to assign a pitcher to a given role (such as starter or reliever).
    • 2009, Michael T. Lynch, Jr., It Ain't So: A Might-Have-Been History of the White Sox in 1919 and Beyond, page 63 ?ISBN

      I have a minor quibble with Gleason's decision to throw Lefty Williams in Game Eight with the Series in the balance.

22. (transitive) To install (a bridge).
    • 1860, Fredrika Bremer (trans. Mary Howitt), Life in the Old World, v. 1, p. 164.

      […] across the rapid smaragdus-green waters, pouring onward into the country, are thrown three bridges ...

23. (obsolete, Scotland, Northern England) To twist or turn.

24. (American football) Synonym of pass
25. (transitive) (of a punch or boxing combination) to deliver
    • 1941, Newsweek, Volume 18, p.54, [2]

      ···not only did I not want to throw a punch at him, I wanted to give him a solid silver token of thanks···

Synonyms

• See also Thesaurus:throw

Derived terms

Translations

References

• The Dictionary of the Scots Language

Noun

throw (plural throws)

1. The flight of a thrown object.

2. The act of throwing something.
   • 2006, Hans-Wolfgang Loidl, Trends in Functional Programming (volume 5, page 62)

     If the expression is a throw, we unwind the stack seeking a handler expression.

3. One's ability to throw.

4. A distance travelled; displacement.
   • 1947, James Jerome Gibson, Motion Picture Testing and Research (issue 7, page 49)

     The visibility of the screen image is affected by the length of throw of the projector, the type of projector, the intensity of the projector lamp, and the type of the screen.

5. A piece of fabric used to cover a bed, sofa or other soft furnishing.
6. A single instance, occurrence, venture, or chance.

Translations

Derived terms

• a stone's throw
• bike throw
• corner throw
• throw pillow
• throw-up

References

• Krueger, Dennis (December 1982). "Why On Earth Do They Call It Throwing?" Studio Potter Vol. 11, Number 1.[3]

Etymology 2

From Middle English throwe, alteration of thrawe, from Old English þr?wu (“labor pang, agony in childbirth or death”), akin to Old English þr?a (“affliction, pang”), þr?wan (“to suffer”). More at throe.

Noun

throw (plural throws)

1. Pain, especially pain associated with childbirth; throe.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Spenser to this entry?)

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Dryden to this entry?)

2. (veterinary) The act of giving birth in animals, especially in cows.

Verb

throw (third-person singular simple present throws, present participle throwing, simple past threw, past participle thrown)

1. (transitive, said of animals) To give birth to.
   • 1916, Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association: Volume 49

     At the end of the normal gestation period the cow threw two calf mummies as large as cats.

Etymology 3

From Middle English, from Old English þr?h, þr?g (“space of time, period, while”). Of uncertain origin. Perhaps related to Gothic ???????????????????????????? (þragjan, “to run”).

Noun

throw (plural throws)

1. (obsolete) A moment, time, occasion.
2. (obsolete) A period of time; a while.
   • 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene, III.iv:

     Downe himselfe he layd / Vpon the grassie ground, to sleepe a throw; / The cold earth was his couch, the hard steele his pillow.

Synonyms

• stound

Etymology 4

Noun

throw (plural throws)

1. Obsolete form of throe.
   • 1806, The Evangelical Magazine (page 441)

     […] when we behold the fixed eye, the pale lips, the convulsive throws of death distorting the countenance; […]

Anagrams

• -worth, Worth, whort, worth, wroth