different between foliation vs verdure

English

Etymology

From French foliation, from Latin folium (“leaf”)

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation)
  • IPA^(key): /f??l??e??n/
• Rhymes: -e???n

Noun

foliation (countable and uncountable, plural foliations)

1. (botany) The process of forming into a leaf or leaves.
2. (publishing) The process of forming into pages; pagination.
3. (botany) The manner in which the young leaves are disposed within the bud.
4. The act of beating a metal into a thin plate, leaf, foil, or lamina.
5. The act of coating with an amalgam of tin foil and quicksilver, as in making looking-glasses.
6. The enrichment of an opening by means of foils, arranged in trefoils, quatrefoils, etc.; also, one of the ornaments.

   • The house was a big elaborate limestone affair, evidently new. Winter sunshine sparkled on lace-hung casement, on glass marquise, and the burnished bronze foliations of grille and door.

7. (geology) The property, possessed by some crystalline rocks, of being divided into plates or layers, due to the cleavage structure of one of the constituents, as mica or hornblende. It may sometimes include slaty structure or cleavage, though the latter is usually independent of any mineral constituent, and transverse to the bedding, it having been produced by pressure.
   • 1993, Charles A. Baskerville, Fitzhugh T. Lee, Charles A. Ratté, Landslide Hazards in Vermont, U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 2043, p.18:

     The dominant strike orientation of both bedding and foliation of Vermont bedrock is north or northeasterly.

   • 1996, Eric C. Beam, Modeling Growth and Rotation of Porphyroblasts and Inclusion Trails, D.G. De Paor, Structural Geology and Personal Computers, p.249:

     They show that curved inclusion trails may form even with no coupling, as the porphyroblast overgrows foliation that is deflected around it.

   • 2004, F. Martín-Hernández, C. M. Lüneburg, C. Aubourg, M. Jackson, Magnetic fabric: methods and applications - an introduction, Geological Society of London, Magnetic Fabric: Methods and Applications, p.3:

     In sedimentary rocks, the magnetic foliation results from a combination of depositional processes and diagenetic compaction.

8. (topology) A set of submanifolds of a given manifold, each of which is of lower dimension than it, but which, taken together, are coextensive with it.
   • 2003, Alberto Candel, Lawrence Conlon, Foliations, Vol.2, p.253:

     We will show that every closed 3-manifold has a foliation of codimension one. In 1952, G. Reeb published his construction of a foliation of the 3-sphere. About twelve years later, W. Lickorish [123] exhibited foliations of codimension one on every closed, orientable 3-manifold.

   • 2004, Pawe? Grzegorz Walczak, Dynamics Of Foliations, Groups And Pseudogroups, Monografie Matematyczne: Vol.64, New Series, p.6:

     The simplest example of a foliation is provided by a single submersion F : M ? N, M and N being manifolds.

Synonyms

• (process of forming pages): pagination
• (growth and arrangement of leaves): vernation

Related terms

• defoliation
• exfoliate
• exfoliation
• foliate
• folio
• folium
• refoliation

Translations

See also

• cleavage (geology)
• lineation (geology)

English

Etymology

From Middle English verdure, from Old French verdure.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?v??d???/, /?v??dj?/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /?v?d???/
• Rhymes: -??(?)d??(?)
• Homophone: verger (one pronunciation)
• Hyphenation: ver?dure

Noun

verdure (countable and uncountable, plural verdures)

1. The greenness of lush or growing vegetation; also: the vegetation itself.
   • 1610, The Tempest, by Shakespeare

     […] now he was / The ivy which had hid my princely trunk, / And suck'd my verdure out on't.

   • 1813, Jane Austen, Pride and Prejudice, Modern Library Edition (1995), page 142

     The five weeks which she had now passed in Kent had made a great difference in the country, and every day was adding to the verdure of the early trees.

   • To her belonged Amber Spring, the water which gave verdure and beauty to the village and made living possible on that wild purple upland waste.
2. (by extension) A condition of health and vigour.

Related terms

• verdant
• verdurous

Translations

Verb

verdure (third-person singular simple present verdures, present participle verduring, simple past and past participle verdured)

1. (transitive) To cover with verdure.

Derived terms

• reverdure

Dutch

Verb

verdure

1. (archaic) singular present subjunctive of verduren

French

Etymology

vert +? -ure

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /v??.dy?/
• Rhymes: -y?

Noun

verdure f (plural verdures)

1. verdure, greenness

Further reading

• “verdure” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Italian

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -ure

Noun

verdure f pl

1. plural of verdura