different between flatten vs mangle

English

Etymology

From flat +? -en.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?flæt?n/
• Rhymes: -æt?n

Verb

flatten (third-person singular simple present flattens, present participle flattening, simple past and past participle flattened)

1. (transitive) To make something flat or flatter.

2. (reflexive) To press one's body tightly against a surface, such as a wall or floor, especially in order to avoid being seen or harmed.
3. (transitive) To knock down or lay low.

4. (intransitive) To become flat or flatter; to plateau.

5. (intransitive) To be knocked down or laid low.
6. (music) To lower by a semitone.
7. To make vapid or insipid; to render stale.
8. (programming, transitive) To reduce (a data structure) to one that has fewer dimensions, e.g. a 2×2 array into a list of four elements.
9. (computer graphics, transitive) To combine (separate layers) into a single image.

Translations

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?mæ?.??l/
• Rhymes: -æ???l

Etymology 1

From Middle English mangelen, from Anglo-Norman mangler, mahangler, frequentative of either Old French mangonner (“to cut to pieces”) or mahaigner (“to mutilate”), of Germanic origin, for which see mayhem.

Alternate etymology derives mangle from Middle English *mankelen, a frequentative form of manken (“to mutilate”), from Old English mancian, bemancian (“to maim”). More at mank.

Verb

mangle (third-person singular simple present mangles, present participle mangling, simple past and past participle mangled)

1. (transitive) To change, mutilate or disfigure by cutting, tearing, rearranging etc.
   • c. 1703-20, Jonathan Swift, A Letter to a Very Young Lady on Her Marriage

     when they are disposed to mangle a play or a novel

2. (transitive, computing) To modify (an identifier from source code) so as to produce a unique identifier for internal use by the compiler, etc.

Translations

Etymology 2

From Middle Dutch mangel, from late Middle High German mangel, enhanced form of mange, originally “mangonel”, from Medieval Latin manga, manganum. Doublet of mangonel. Cognate with German Mangel, Dutch mangel, both “mangle”.

Noun

mangle (plural mangles)

1. A hand-operated device with rollers, for wringing laundry.
2. The mangle attached to wringer washing machines, often called the wringer.

Derived terms

• put through the mangle

Translations

Verb

mangle (third-person singular simple present mangles, present participle mangling, simple past and past participle mangled)

1. (transitive, archaic) To wring laundry.

Translations

Etymology 3

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

mangle (plural mangles)

1. mangrove (tree)

Anagrams

• Gelman, leg man, legman, lemang, mangel

Catalan

Etymology

From Spanish mangle.

Pronunciation

• (Balearic, Central) IPA^(key): /?ma?.?l?/
• (Valencian) IPA^(key): /?ma?.?le/

Noun

mangle m (plural mangles)

1. mangrove

Danish

Etymology

From German mangeln (“to lack”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /man?l?/, [?m??l?]

Verb

mangle (imperative mangl, infinitive at mangle, present tense mangler, past tense manglede, perfect tense er/har manglet)

1. lack
2. want
3. need
4. be missing
5. be lacking
6. be absent

German

Verb

mangle

1. inflection of mangeln:
   1. first-person singular present
   2. singular imperative
   3. first/third-person singular subjunctive I

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From German mangeln

Pronunciation

Verb

mangle (imperative mangl or mangle, present tense mangler, simple past and past participle mangla or manglet, present participle manglende)

1. to lack (something)

Related terms

• mangel

References

• “mangle” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Spanish

Etymology

From Galibi Carib or Taíno/Arawak.

Noun

mangle m (plural mangles)

1. mangrove