different between fire vs nul

English

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?fa??(?)/
• (Upper RP Triphthong Smoothing) IPA^(key): /?fa?(?)/, /?fa?(?)/, /?f??(?)/, /?f???(?)/
• (General American) enPR: f???r, f?r, IPA^(key): /?fa??/, [?fa??]
• (Southern American English, Appalachia) IPA^(key): [?fä??]
• (General Australian) IPA^(key): /?f?e?(?)/
• Rhymes: -a??(?)

Etymology 1

From Middle English fier, from Old English f?r (“fire”), from Proto-West Germanic *fuir, from *fuïr, a regularised form of Proto-Germanic *f?r (“fire”) (compare Saterland Frisian Fjuur, West Frisian fjoer, Dutch vuur, Low German Füer, German Feuer, Danish fyr), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *péh?wr?.

Compare Hittite ???????????? (pa??ur), Umbrian pir, Tocharian A/B por/puwar, Czech pý? (“hot ashes”), Ancient Greek ??? (pûr, “fire”), and Armenian ???? (hur, “fire”)). This was an inanimate noun whose animate counterpart was Proto-Indo-European *h?n?g?nis (see ignite). Cognate to pyre.

Alternative forms

• fier (archaic)

Noun

fire (countable and uncountable, plural fires)

2. (uncountable) A (usually self-sustaining) chemical reaction involving the bonding of oxygen with carbon or other fuel, with the production of heat and the presence of flame or smouldering.
3. (countable) An instance of this chemical reaction, especially when intentionally created and maintained in a specific location to a useful end (such as a campfire or a hearth fire).
4. (countable) The occurrence, often accidental, of fire in a certain place, causing damage and danger.
5. (uncountable, alchemy, philosophy) The aforementioned chemical reaction of burning, considered one of the Classical elements or basic elements of alchemy.
6. (countable, Britain) A heater or stove used in place of a real fire (such as an electric fire).
7. (countable) The elements necessary to start a fire.

8. (uncountable) The bullets or other projectiles fired from a gun or other ranged weapon.

9. (rocketry) An instance of firing one or more rocket engines.
11. Strength of passion, whether love or hate.
    • 1687, Francis Atterbury, An Answer to some Considerations, the Spirit of Martin Luther and the Original of the Reformation

      He had fire in his temper.

12. Liveliness of imagination or fancy; intellectual and moral enthusiasm.
13. Splendour; brilliancy; lustre; hence, a star.
14. A severe trial; anything inflaming or provoking.
15. Red coloration in a piece of opal.

Synonyms

• blaze
• conflagration
• inferno

Derived terms

Descendants

• ? Japanese: ????? (faiy?)
• Sranan Tongo: faya

Translations

See fire/translations § Noun.

Etymology 2

From Middle English firen, fyren, furen, from Old English f?rian (“to make a fire”), from the noun (see above). Cognate with Old Frisian fioria (“to light a fire”), Saterland Frisian fjuurje (“to fire”), Middle Dutch vûren, vueren, vieren (“to set fire”), Dutch vuren (“to fire, shoot”), Old High German fiuren (“to ignite, set on fire”), German feuern (“to fire”).

Verb

fire (third-person singular simple present fires, present participle firing, simple past and past participle fired)

1. (transitive) To set (something, often a building) on fire.
   • 1907, Jack London, The Iron Heel

     It was long a question of debate, whether the burning of the South Side ghetto was accidental, or whether it was done by the Mercenaries; but it is definitely settled now that the ghetto was fired by the Mercenaries under orders from their chiefs.

2. (transitive) To heat as with fire, but without setting on fire, as ceramic, metal objects, etc.

   • So this was my future home, I thought! Certainly it made a brave picture. I had seen similar ones fired-in on many a Heidelberg stein. Backed by towering hills, […] a sky of palest Gobelin flecked with fat, fleecy little clouds, it in truth looked a dear little city; the city of one's dreams.

3. (transitive) To drive away by setting a fire.
4. (transitive) To terminate the employment contract of (an employee), especially for cause (such as misconduct or poor performance).

   Antonym: hire

   • 1969, Vladimir Nabokov, Ada or Ardor, Penguin 2011, p.226:

     The first, obvious choice was hysterical and fantastic Blanche – had there not been her timidity, her fear of being ‘fired’ […].

5. (transitive) To shoot (a gun, rocket/missile, or analogous device).

6. (rocketry) To operate a rocket engine to produce thrust.

7. (transitive, mining) To set off an explosive in a mine.
8. (intransitive) To shoot a gun, cannon, or similar weapon.

   Synonyms: open fire, shoot

9. (transitive, sports) To shoot; to attempt to score a goal.
10. (intransitive, physiology) To cause an action potential in a cell.

11. (transitive) To forcibly direct (something).

12. (transitive, intransitive, computer sciences, software engineering) To initiate an event (by means of an event handler).

13. To inflame; to irritate, as the passions.

    • Love had fired my mind.

14. To animate; to give life or spirit to.

15. To feed or serve the fire of.
16. (transitive) To light up as if by fire; to illuminate.
17. (transitive, farriery) To cauterize.
18. (intransitive, dated) To catch fire; to be kindled.
19. (intransitive, dated) To be irritated or inflamed with passion.

Synonyms

• (set on fire): See set on fire
• (transitive, shoot): let off, loose (archery), shoot
• (terminate the employment of): dehire, dismiss, give one's cards, give the boot, give the elbow, give the old heave-ho, let go, make redundant, sack, terminate, throw out, unhire; See also Thesaurus:lay off.

Derived terms

Translations

Etymology 3

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Alternative forms

• fye (nonstandard, Internet slang)

Adjective

fire (not comparable)

1. (slang) Amazing; excellent.

Translations

Further reading

• fire on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

• Fire in the Encyclopædia Britannica (11th edition, 1911)

Anagrams

• -fier, Fier, Frie, fier, refi, reif, rief, rife

Asturian

Verb

fire

1. third-person singular present indicative of firir

Crimean Tatar

Noun

fire

1. shrinkage, loss
2. scrap

Danish

Etymology 1

From Old Norse fjórir, from Proto-Germanic *fedw?r, from Proto-Indo-European *k?etwóres (“four”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fi?r?/, [?fi??]

Numeral

fire

1. four

Usage notes

In compounds: fir-.

Etymology 2

From Middle Low German f?ren, from French virer (“bear, veer”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fi?r?/, [?fi??]

Verb

fire (imperative fir, infinitive at fire, present tense firer, past tense firede, perfect tense har firet)

1. to lower something fixed to a rope or something similar
   • 1871, Jens Andreas Friis, Lappisk Mythologi, page 138

     Saa gik han hen og firede Stenen og Vidietouget ned i Hullet.

     Then he went [to the hole] and lowered the rock and the wicker rope down into the hole.

   • 2014, Teddy Vork, Diget, Tellerup A/S ?ISBN

     Han satte sig på knæ, famlede sig frem til tovet og vendte sig rundt så han havde ryggen til hullet, drejede overkroppen bagud, firede faklen ned i hullet.

     He kneeled, fumbled his way to the rope and turned around, such that his back was to the hole, twisted his torso backwards, lowered the torch into the hole.

Conjugation

Italian

Etymology

From Latin f?er? (“to become, be”), present active infinitive of f??. Compare Romanian fi.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?fi.re/
• Hyphenation: fì?re

Verb

fìre (third-person only, third-person singular present fìa, no third-person singular past historic, no past participle)

1. (northern Italy, obsolete) to be

   Synonym: essere

Usage notes

• The only forms attested outside of ancient Northern Italian literature are the future fia (third-person singular) and fiano (third-person plural).

References

• fire in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology 1

From Danish fire, Old Norse fjórir, from Proto-Germanic *fedw?r, from *k?etw?r, the neuter form of Proto-Indo-European *k?etwóres.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?fi???/

Numeral

fire

1. four

Derived terms

Related terms

• fjerde (ordinal)

Etymology 2

From French virer, via Middle Low German firen

Verb

fire (imperative fir, present tense firer, passive fires, simple past fira or firet or firte, past participle fira or firet or firt, present participle firende)

1. to slacken, ease
2. to lower (a flag)

References

• “fire” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

From Old Norse fjórir, via Danish fire.

Etymology 1

From Danish fire, Old Norse fjórir, from Proto-Germanic *fedw?r, from *k?etw?r, the neuter form of Proto-Indo-European *k?etwóres.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /?fi???/

Numeral

fire

1. four

Derived terms

Related terms

• fjerde (ordinal)

Etymology 2

From French virer, via Middle Low German firen.

Verb

fire

1. to slacken, ease
2. to lower (e.g. a flag)

References

• “fire” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Romanian

Etymology 1

Noun

fire n

1. plural of fir

Etymology 2

From fi +? -re.

Noun

fire f (plural firi)

1. essence, substance, nature

   Synonym: natur?

2. character, temper, disposition

   Synonyms: caracter, temperament

3. mind

   Synonym: minte

Declension

Related terms

Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed from Greek ???? (Fýra)

Noun

fire (definite accusative fireyi, plural fireler)

1. wastage
2. outage
3. shrinkage, loss, loss in weight, decrease
4. turnover
5. ullage
6. leakage
7. waste, tret, deficiency

Declension

Afrikaans

Etymology

From Dutch nul, from Middle Dutch nul, from Middle French nul or Italian nulla, from Latin nullus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /nœl/

Numeral

nul

1. zero

Catalan

Etymology

From Latin nullus (“none”), attested from 1888.

Pronunciation

• (Balearic, Central, Valencian) IPA^(key): /?nul/

Adjective

nul (feminine nul·la, masculine plural nuls, feminine plural nul·les)

1. null, insignificant, negligible
2. useless, inept

   Synonyms: inútil, inepte

3. null, void, invalid
4. null, absent, non-existent

   Synonyms: absent, inexistent

Related terms

• anul·lar

References

Further reading

• “nul” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “nul” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “nul” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Danish

Etymology

Via German Null (“zero”) and Italian nulla (“zero”) from New Latin n?lla (“zero”), a substantivization of the adjective Latin n?llus (“no”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?nol/, [?n?l]

Numeral

nul

1. zero

Interjection

nul

1. no way (vehement refusal)

Synonyms

• niks, nix, du kan tro nej

Noun

nul n (singular definite nullet, plural indefinite nuller)

1. The numeric symbol that represents the cardinal number zero.

   En million er et ettal med seks nuller efter.

   One million is a one followed by six zeros.

2. (figuratively) A nobody, a nonentity.
3. (in the plural) 2000s (the first decade of the 21st century)

Declension

Descendants

• ? Icelandic: núll

Pronoun

nul (uninflected)

1. (determiner) no
2. (pronoun) nothing

Synonyms

• ingen, intet

Dutch

Etymology

From Middle Dutch nul, from Middle French nul, from Old French nul, nulle (modern French nul) or Italian nulla, from Latin n?lla, from Latin n?llus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /n?l/
• Hyphenation: nul
• Rhymes: -?l

Numeral

nul

1. zero, nought

Derived terms

Noun

nul m (plural nullen, diminutive nulletje n)

1. (mathematics) A zero, naught, the numerical expression of none, nothing.
2. (figuratively) A score of zero, the worst possible result.
3. (figuratively) A good-for-nothing, worth-/use-less person.

Related terms

• annuleren (verb)
• nihil
• nulliteit

Descendants

• Afrikaans: nul

Adjective

nul (used only predicatively, not comparable)

1. (archaic) nul, void
2. worthless

Synonyms

• (void) ongeldig
• (worthless) waardeloos

Esperanto

Etymology

Back-formation from nulo.

Pronunciation

Numeral

nul

1. zero

Usage notes

Can be used with both singular and plural nouns. (E.g. “zero dollars” can be both “nul dolaro” or “nul dolaroj”.) There is no formal standard for grammatical plurality of numbers between -1 and 1.

French

Etymology

From Middle French nul, from Old French, from Latin nullus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /nyl/

Adjective

nul (feminine singular nulle, masculine plural nuls, feminine plural nulles)

1. (indefinite, singular only) no, nil
2. of poor quality, lousy, rubbish
3. lame

Usage notes

• The plural forms of nul as a determiner are archaic.

Noun

nul m (plural nuls)

1. (sports) A draw.

Pronoun

nul ?

1. (literary) no one, nobody

Synonyms

• personne

Derived terms

Further reading

• “nul” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Anagrams

• l'un

Middle French

Etymology

From Old French nul, from Latin nullus.

Pronoun

nul

1. nobody; no one

Adjective

nul m (feminine singular nulle, masculine plural nuls, feminine plural nulles)

1. none (not any)

Descendants

• French: nul
• ? English: null

Old French

Etymology

Latin nullus.

Pronoun

nul (singular, nominative nus or nuls)

1. nobody; no one

Adjective

nul m (oblique and nominative feminine singular nule)

1. none (not any)

Descendants

• Middle French: nul
  • French: nul
  • ? English: null
• ? Dutch: nul
  • Afrikaans: nul

Romansch

Alternative forms

• (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan) nulla
• (Sutsilvan) nola, nula
• (Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) nolla

Etymology

From Latin nullus.

Numeral

nul

1. (Sursilvan) zero