different between fast vs lewd
fast
English
Pronunciation
- (Received Pronunciation, General Australian, General New Zealand, General South African) enPR: fäst, IPA(key): /f??st/
- Rhymes: -??st
- (UK, US) enPR: f?st, IPA(key): /fæst/
- Rhymes: -æst
Etymology 1
From Middle English fast, from Old English fæst (“fast, fixed, firm, secure; constant, steadfast; stiff, heavy, dense; obstinate, bound, costive; enclosed, closed, watertight; strong, fortified”), from Proto-Germanic *fastaz, *fastijaz, *fastuz (“fast, firm, secure”); see it for cognates and further etymology.
The development of “rapid” from an original sense of “secure” apparently happened first in the adverb and then transferred to the adjective; compare hard in expressions like “to run hard”. The original sense of “secure, firm” is now slightly archaic, but retained in the related fasten (“make secure”).
Adjective
fast (comparative faster, superlative fastest)
- (dated) Firmly or securely fixed in place; stable. [from 9th c.]
- Synonyms: firm, immobile, secure, stable, stuck, tight
- Antonym: loose
- Hyponyms: bedfast, chairfast, colorfast, fail-fast, lightfast, shamefast, soothfast, steadfast
- Firm against attack; fortified by nature or art; impregnable; strong.
- out-lawes […] lurking in woods and fast places
- Synonyms: fortified, impenetrable
- Antonyms: penetrable, weak
- (of people) Steadfast, with unwavering feeling. (Now mostly in set phrases like fast friend(s).) [from 10th c.]
- Moving with great speed, or capable of doing so; swift, rapid. [from 14th c.]
- Synonyms: quick, rapid, speedy
- (nuclear physics, of a neutron) Having a kinetic energy between 1 million and 20 million electron volts; often used to describe the energy state of free neutrons at the moment of their release by a nuclear fission or nuclear fusion reaction (i.e., before the neutrons have been slowed down by anything).
- Causing unusual rapidity of play or action.
- (computing, of a piece of hardware) Able to transfer data in a short period of time.
- Deep or sound (of sleep); fast asleep (of people). [16th-19th c.]
- c. 1606, William Shakespeare, Macbeth, Act V, scene 1:
- Since his majesty went into the field, I have seen her rise from her bed, throw her nightgown upon her, unlock her closet, take forth paper, fold it, write upon’t, read it, afterwards seal it, and again return to bed; yet all this while in a most fast sleep.
- Synonyms: deep, sound
- Antonym: light
- c. 1606, William Shakespeare, Macbeth, Act V, scene 1:
- (of dyes or colours) Not running or fading when subjected to detrimental conditions such as wetness or intense light; permanent. [from 17th c.]
- Synonym: colour-fast
- (obsolete) Tenacious; retentive.
- 1625, Francis Bacon, Of Gardens
- Roses, damask and red, are fast flowers of their smells.
- 1625, Francis Bacon, Of Gardens
- (dated) Having an extravagant lifestyle or immoral habits. [from 18th c.]
- 1852, John Swaby, Physiology of the Opera (page 74)
- […] we remember once hearing a fast man suggest that they were evidently "nobs who had overdrawn the badger by driving fast cattle, and going it high" — the exact signification of which words we did not understand […]
- 1979, Doug Fieger, "Good Girls Don't":
- You're alone with her at last / And you're waiting 'til you think the time is right / Cause you've heard she's pretty fast / And you're hoping that she'll give you some tonight.
- 1852, John Swaby, Physiology of the Opera (page 74)
- Ahead of the correct time or schedule. [from 19th c.]
- Synonyms: ahead, (as in “the clock is gaining x minutes per hour/day”) gain
- Antonyms: behind, slow
- (of photographic film) More sensitive to light than average. [from 20th c.]
Usage notes
In the context of nuclear reactors or weaponry, fission-spectrum neutrons (neutrons with the spectrum of energies produced by nuclear fission) are frequently referred to as fast neutrons, even though the majority of fission-spectrum neutrons have energies below the 1-million-electron-volt cutoff.
Synonyms
- (occurring or happening within a short time): quick, rapid, speedy, swift
- (capable of moving with great speed): see also Thesaurus:speedy
- (rapidly consents to sexual activity): easy, slutty; see also Thesaurus:promiscuous
- (firmly or securely fixed in place): see also Thesaurus:tight
Antonyms
- (occurring or happening within a short time): slow
Derived terms
Related terms
Translations
Adverb
fast (comparative faster, superlative fastest)
- In a firm or secure manner, securely; in such a way as not to be moved; safe, sound [from 10th c.].
- c. 1596-97, William Shakespeare, The Merchant of Venice, Act II, scene 5[2]:
- Shylock:
- […] Do as I bid you; shut doors after you:
- Fast bind, fast find;
- A proverb never stale in thrifty mind.
- Synonyms: firmly, securely, tightly
- Antonym: loosely
- c. 1596-97, William Shakespeare, The Merchant of Venice, Act II, scene 5[2]:
- (of sleeping) Deeply or soundly [from 13th c.].
- Synonym: deeply
- Antonym: lightly
- Immediately following in place or time; close, very near [from 13th c.].
- Quickly, with great speed; within a short time [from 13th c.].
- Synonyms: quickly, rapidly, speedily, swiftly
- Antonym: slowly
- Ahead of the correct time or schedule.
- Synonym: ahead
- Antonym: behind
Translations
Noun
fast (plural fasts)
- (Britain, rail transport) A train that calls at only some stations it passes between its origin and destination, typically just the principal stations
- Synonyms: express, express train, fast train
- Antonyms: local, slow train, stopper
Translations
Interjection
fast
- (archery) Short for "stand fast", a warning not to pass between the arrow and the target
- Antonym: loose
Translations
Etymology 2
From Middle English fasten, from Old English fæstan (verb), from Proto-Germanic *fastijan?, derived from *fastuz, and thereby related to Etymology 1. Cognate with Dutch vasten, German fasten, Old Norse fasta, Gothic ???????????????????????? (fastan), Russian ???? (post). The noun is probably from Old Norse fasta.
Verb
fast (third-person singular simple present fasts, present participle fasting, simple past and past participle fasted)
- (intransitive) To restrict one’s personal consumption, generally of food, but sometimes other things, in various manners (totally, temporally, by avoiding particular items), often for religious or medical reasons.
- Muslims fast during Ramadan and Catholics during Lent.
- Thou didst fast and weep for the child.
Translations
Noun
fast (plural fasts)
- The act or practice of abstaining from food or of eating very little food.
- Synonym: fasting
- The period of time during which one abstains from or eats very little food.
Hyponyms
- dharna (India)
Derived terms
Translations
References
- fast in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
- fast at OneLook Dictionary Search
Anagrams
- AT&SF, ATFs, ATSF, FTAs, SAFT, TAFs, afts, fats, tafs
Danish
Etymology 1
From Old Norse fastr, from Proto-Germanic *fastuz; see it for cognates and further etymology.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /fast/, [fasd?]
Adjective
fast
- firm
- solid
- tight
- fixed
- permanent
- regular
Inflection
Derived terms
Etymology 2
From German fast (“almost, nearly”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /fast/, [fasd?]
Adverb
fast
- (dated) almost, nearly
- Synonyms: næsten, omtrent
Etymology 3
See the etymology of the main entry.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /fa?st/, [fæ??sd?]
Verb
fast
- imperative of faste
German
Etymology 1
From Old High German fasto, compare fest. Cognate with English adverb fast.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /fast/
- Homophone: fasst
Adverb
fast
- almost; nearly
- Synonyms: beinahe, knapp, nahezu
- Antonym: ganz
- (in a negative clause) hardly
- Synonym: kaum
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the main entry.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /fa?st/
Verb
fast
- inflection of fasen:
- second/third-person singular present indicative
- second-person plural present indicative/imperative
Further reading
- “fast” in Duden online
- “fast” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
- Friedrich Kluge (1883) , “fast”, in John Francis Davis, transl., Etymological Dictionary of the German Language, published 1891
Middle English
Etymology
From Old English fæst.
Adverb
fast
- fast (quickly)
Descendants
- English: fast
Norwegian Bokmål
Etymology 1
From Old Norse fastr, from Proto-Germanic *fastuz; see it for cognates and further etymology.
Adjective
fast (neuter singular fast, definite singular and plural faste)
- solid, steady, firm, fixed, permanent
Derived terms
Etymology 2
Verb
fast
- imperative of faste
References
- “fast” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian Nynorsk
Etymology
From Old Norse fastr, from Proto-Germanic *fastuz; see it for cognates and further etymology. Akin to English fast.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /f?st/
Adjective
fast (indefinite singular fast, definite singular and plural faste, comparative fastare, indefinite superlative fastast, definite superlative fastaste)
- solid, steady, firm, fixed, permanent, stuck
Derived terms
References
- “fast” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Old Saxon
Etymology
From Proto-West Germanic *fast?, from Proto-Germanic *fastuz; see it for cognates and further etymology.
Adjective
fast
- solid, firm
Declension
Romanian
Etymology
From French faste.
Noun
fast n (uncountable)
- splendour, pomp
Declension
Swedish
Etymology
From Old Swedish faster, from Old Norse fastr, from Proto-Germanic *fastuz; see it for cognates and further etymology.
Pronunciation
Adjective
fast
- caught (unable to move freely), captured
- firm, fastened, unmoving
- solid (as opposed to liquid)
- although (short form of fastän)
Declension
Related terms
Adverb
fast
- fixed, firmly, steadily (synonymous to the adjective)
- almost, nearly
Conjunction
fast
- although, even though
Related terms
Anagrams
- fats, saft, staf
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lewd
English
Etymology 1
From Middle English lewed, lewd, leued (“unlearned, lay, lascivious”), from Old English l?wede (“unlearned, ignorant, lay”), of obscure origin; most likely a derivative of the past participle of l?wan (“to reveal, betray”) in the sense of "exposed as being unlearned" or "easily betrayed, clueless", from Proto-Germanic *l?wijan? (“to betray”), from *l?w? (“an opportunity, cause”), from Proto-Indo-European *l?w- (“to leave”). Or, according to the OED, from Vulgar Latin *laigo-, from Late Latin laicus (“of the people”).
Cognate with Old High German gil?en, firl?en (“to betray”), Gothic ???????????????????????????????? (gal?wjan, “to give over, betray”), Gothic ???????????? (l?w, “an opportunity, cause”).
Pronunciation
- (UK) IPA(key): /lju?d/
- (US) IPA(key): /lud/
- enPR: lo?od
- Rhymes: -u?d
- Homophone: leud
Adjective
lewd (comparative lewder, superlative lewdest)
- Lascivious, sexually promiscuous, rude.
- 2014 August 11, w:Dave Itzkoff, "Robin Williams, Oscar-Winning Comedian, Dies at 63 in Suspected Suicide," New York Times
- Onstage he was known for ricochet riffs on politics, social issues and cultural matters both high and low; tales of drug and alcohol abuse; lewd commentaries on relations between the sexes; and lightning-like improvisations on anything an audience member might toss at him.
- 2014 August 11, w:Dave Itzkoff, "Robin Williams, Oscar-Winning Comedian, Dies at 63 in Suspected Suicide," New York Times
- (obsolete) Lay; not clerical.
- 1599, John Davies, Nosce Teipsum
- So these great clerks their little wisdom show / To mock the lewd, as learn'd in this as they.
- 1599, John Davies, Nosce Teipsum
- (obsolete) Uneducated.
- c. 1515–1516, published 1568, John Skelton, Again?t venemous tongues enpoy?oned with ?claunder and fal?e detractions &c.:
- My ?coles are not for unthriftes untaught,
For frantick faitours half mad and half ?traught;
But my learning is of another degree
To taunt theim like liddrons, lewde as thei bee.
- My ?coles are not for unthriftes untaught,
- c. 1515–1516, published 1568, John Skelton, Again?t venemous tongues enpoy?oned with ?claunder and fal?e detractions &c.:
- (obsolete) Vulgar, common; typical of the lower orders.
- But the Jews, which believed not, […] took unto them certain lewd fellows of the baser sort, […] and assaulted the house of Jason.
- 1829, Robert Southey, Sir Thomas More; or, Colloquies on the Progress and Prospects of Society
- Too lewd to work, and ready for any kind of mischief.
- (obsolete) Base, vile, reprehensible.
Derived terms
- lewdsby
- lewdness
- lewdster
Translations
Noun
lewd (plural lewds)
- A sexually suggestive image, particularly one which does not involve full nudity.
- 1944, The Saturday Evening Post, volume 217, page 25:
- Nudes, lewds and smutty outhouse cards, although they can be bought in some of the rowdy joints, are a negligible percentage of the total, and are unobtainable in the chain stores, drugstores and travel stations which are the outlets for […]
- 1996, Cigar Aficionado, page 309:
- […] also put it, he learned “the difference between nudes and lewds."
- 1944, The Saturday Evening Post, volume 217, page 25:
Verb
lewd (third-person singular simple present lewds, present participle lewding, simple past and past participle lewded)
- To express lust; to behave in a lewd manner.
References
- Oxford English Dictionary, 1884–1928, and First Supplement, 1933.
Etymology 2
Verb
lewd (third-person singular simple present lewds, present participle lewding, simple past and past participle lewded)
- (slang) Alternative form of lude (“take the drug quaalude”)
Anagrams
- Weld, weld
Middle English
Adjective
lewd
- Alternative form of lewed
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