different between false vs criminal

English

Etymology

From Middle English false, fals, from Old English fals (“false; counterfeit; fraudulent; wrong; mistaken”), from Latin falsus (“counterfeit, false; falsehood”), perfect passive participle of fall? (“deceive”). Reinforced in Middle English by Anglo-Norman and Old French fals, faus. Compare Scots fals, false, Saterland Frisian falsk, German falsch, Dutch vals, Swedish and Danish falsk; all from Latin falsus. Displaced native Middle English les, lese, from Old English l?as (“false”); See lease, leasing. Doublet of faux.

Pronunciation

• (UK, General New Zealand, General Australian) IPA^(key): /f??ls/, /f?ls/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /f?ls/, /f?ls/

Adjective

false (comparative falser, superlative falsest)

1. Untrue, not factual, factually incorrect.
2. Based on factually incorrect premises.

3. Spurious, artificial.
4. (logic) Of a state in Boolean logic that indicates a negative result.
5. Uttering falsehood; dishonest or deceitful.

6. Not faithful or loyal, as to obligations, allegiance, vows, etc.; untrue; treacherous.
7. Not well founded; not firm or trustworthy; erroneous.
8. Not essential or permanent, as parts of a structure which are temporary or supplemental.
9. Used in the vernacular name of a species (or group of species) together with the name of another species to which it is similar in appearance.

10. (music) Out of tune.

Synonyms

• lease
• See also Thesaurus:false

Antonyms

• (untrue): real, true

Derived terms

Translations

Adverb

false (comparative more false, superlative most false)

1. in a dishonest and disloyal way; falsely.

Noun

false (plural falses)

1. One of two options on a true-or-false test.

Anagrams

• A.S.L.E.F., Leafs, alefs, fasel, feals, fleas, leafs, lefsa

Italian

Adjective

false f pl

1. feminine plural of falso

Latin

Noun

false

1. vocative singular of falsus

References

• false in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• false in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• false in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette

Spanish

Verb

false

1. Formal second-person singular (usted) imperative form of falsar.
2. First-person singular (yo) present subjunctive form of falsar.
3. Formal second-person singular (usted) present subjunctive form of falsar.
4. Third-person singular (él, ella, also used with usted^?) present subjunctive form of falsar.

English

Etymology

From Middle English cryminal, borrowed from Anglo-Norman criminal, from Late Latin criminalis, from Latin crimen (“crime”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?k??m?n?l/

Adjective

criminal (comparative more criminal, superlative most criminal)

1. Against the law; forbidden by law.

   • Foppish and fantastic ornaments are only indications of vice, not criminal in themselves.

2. Guilty of breaking the law.
   • a. 1729, John Rogers, The Difficulties of Obtaining Salvation

     The neglect of any of the relative duties renders us criminal in the sight of God.

3. Of or relating to crime or penal law.
   • 1827, Henry Hallam, The Constitutional History of England

     The officers and servants of the crown, violating the personal liberty, or other right of the subject […] in some cases, were liable to criminal process.

4. (figuratively) Abhorrent or very undesirable.

Usage notes

• Nouns to which "criminal" is often applied: law, justice, court, procedure, prosecution, intent, case, record, act, action, behavior, code, offence, liability, investigation, conduct, defense, trial, history, responsibility, lawyer, tribunal, appeal, process, background, mind, conspiracy, evidence, gang, organization, underworld, jurisprudence, offender, jury, police, past, group, punishment, attorney, violence, report, career, psychology.

Synonyms

• crimeful
• illegal
• delictuous

Derived terms

Related terms

Translations

Noun

criminal (plural criminals)

1. A person who is guilty of a crime, notably breaking the law.

   Synonyms: lawbreaker, offender, perpetrator

Synonyms

• See also Thesaurus:criminal

Hypernyms

• person

Derived terms

• cybercriminal
• thought criminal

Translations

Catalan

Etymology

From Latin crimin?lis.

Pronunciation

• (Balearic, Central, Valencian) IPA^(key): /k?i.mi?nal/

Adjective

criminal (masculine and feminine plural criminals)

1. criminal (against the law)
2. criminal (guilty of breaking the law)
3. criminal (of or relating to crime)

Derived terms

Noun

criminal m or f (plural criminals)

1. criminal (a person who is guilty of a crime)

Related terms

• crim

Further reading

• “criminal” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “criminal” in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana.
• “criminal” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “criminal” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Old French

Etymology

Borrowed from Late Latin or Juridical Latin crimin?lis, from Latin cr?men.

Adjective

criminal m (oblique and nominative feminine singular criminale)

1. criminal; illegal; against the law

Declension

Portuguese

Etymology

Borrowed from Late Latin or Juridical Latin crimin?lis (“criminal”), from Latin cr?men (“verdict; crime”).

Pronunciation

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /k?i.mi.?na?/
• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /k?i.mi.?naw/

Adjective

criminal m or f (plural criminais, not comparable)

1. (law) criminal (of or relating to crime or penal law)

Related terms

Further reading

• “criminal” in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa.

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French criminel, Late Latin criminalis, from Latin crimen.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [kri.mi?nal]

Noun

criminal m (plural criminali, feminine equivalent criminal?)

1. criminal, felon, perpetrator, offender, lawbreaker
2. murderer, slayer
3. cutthroat, thug

Declension

Adjective

criminal m or n (feminine singular criminal?, masculine plural criminali, feminine and neuter plural criminale)

1. criminal, felonious, lawbreaking
2. murderous, homicidal
3. cutthroat

Declension

Related terms

• criminalitate

Adverb

criminal

1. criminally

Related terms

• crim?

Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from Late Latin or Juridical Latin crimin?lis (“criminal”), from Latin cr?men (“verdict; crime”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /k?imi?nal/, [k?i.mi?nal]
• Rhymes: -al

Adjective

criminal (plural criminales)

1. criminal

Derived terms

• criminalmente
• criminalista
• criminalizar

Noun

criminal m or f (plural criminales)

1. criminal

Related terms

• crimen
• criminalidad
• acriminar

Further reading

• “criminal” in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014.