different between excess vs burden
excess
English
Etymology
From Middle English exces (“excess, ecstasy”), from Old French exces, from Latin excessus (“a going out, loss of self-possession”), from excedere, excessum (“to go out, go beyond”). See exceed.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?k?s?s/, /?k?s?s/, /?k.?s?s/, /??ks?s/
- Rhymes: -?s
Noun
excess (countable and uncountable, plural excesses)
- The state of surpassing or going beyond a limit; the state of being beyond sufficiency, necessity, or duty; more than what is usual or proper.
- c. 1597, William Shakespeare, King John, act 4, scene 2:
- To gild refined gold, to paint the lily,
- To throw a perfume on the violet, . . .
- Is wasteful and ridiculous excess.
- c. 1690, William Walsh, "Jealosy", in The Poetical Works of William Walsh (1797), page 19 (Google preview):
- That kills me with excess of grief, this with excess of joy.
- c. 1597, William Shakespeare, King John, act 4, scene 2:
- The degree or amount by which one thing or number exceeds another; remainder.
- An act of eating or drinking more than enough.
- :
- And be not drunk with wine, wherein is excess.
- 1667, John Milton, Paradise Lost, Book III:
- Fair Angel, thy desire . . .
- . . . leads to no excess
- That reaches blame
- :
- (geometry) Spherical excess, the amount by which the sum of the three angles of a spherical triangle exceeds two right angles. The spherical excess is proportional to the area of the triangle.
- (Britain, insurance) A condition on an insurance policy by which the insured pays for a part of the claim.
Synonyms
- (state of surpassing limits): See Thesaurus:excess
- (US, insurance): deductible
Antonyms
- deficiency
Derived terms
- in excess of
- spherical excess
- to excess
Related terms
- exceed
- excessive
Translations
Adjective
excess (not comparable)
- More than is normal, necessary or specified.
Derived terms
- excess baggage
- excess kurtosis
- excess return
- nonexcess
- refractory anaemia with excess blasts
Verb
excess (third-person singular simple present excesses, present participle excessing, simple past and past participle excessed)
- (US, transitive) To declare (an employee) surplus to requirements, such that he or she might not be given work.
See also
- usury
Further reading
- excess in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
- excess in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
Translations
excess From the web:
- what excessive mean
- what excessive alcohol does to the body
- what excessive burping means
- what excessive gas means
- what excessive sweating means
- what excess salt does to the body
- what excess acid causes gout
- what excess fat does to the body
burden
English
Etymology 1
From Middle English burden, birden, burthen, birthen, byrthen, from Old English byrden, byrþen, from Proto-West Germanic *burþini, from *burþ?, from Proto-Germanic *burþ??, from Proto-Indo-European *b?er- (“to carry, bear”).
Alternative forms
- burthen (archaic)
Pronunciation
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /?b??dn/
- (General American) IPA(key): /?b?dn/
- Rhymes: -??(?)d?n
Noun
burden (plural burdens)
- A heavy load.
- 1898, J. Meade Falkner, Moonfleet Chapter 4
- There were four or five men in the vault already, and I could hear more coming down the passage, and guessed from their heavy footsteps that they were carrying burdens.
- 1898, J. Meade Falkner, Moonfleet Chapter 4
- A responsibility, onus.
- A cause of worry; that which is grievous, wearisome, or oppressive.
- c. 1710-1730, Jonathan Swift, The Dean's Complaint Translated and Answered
- Deaf, giddy, helpless, left alone, / To all my friends a burden grown.
- c. 1710-1730, Jonathan Swift, The Dean's Complaint Translated and Answered
- The capacity of a vessel, or the weight of cargo that she will carry.
- a ship of a hundred tons burden
- (mining) The tops or heads of stream-work which lie over the stream of tin.
- (metalworking) The proportion of ore and flux to fuel, in the charge of a blast furnace.
- A fixed quantity of certain commodities.
- (obsolete, rare) A birth.
- […] that bore thee at a burden two fair sons.
- (medicine) The total amount of toxins, parasites, cancer cells, plaque or similar present in an organism.
Derived terms
Translations
Verb
burden (third-person singular simple present burdens, present participle burdening, simple past and past participle burdened)
- (transitive) To encumber with a literal or figurative burden.
- (transitive) To impose, as a load or burden; to lay or place as a burden (something heavy or objectionable).
Derived terms
- burden basket
- burdensome
- beast of burden
Translations
Etymology 2
From Old French bordon. See bourdon.
Noun
burden (plural burdens)
- (music) A phrase or theme that recurs at the end of each verse in a folk song or ballad.
- 1610, The Tempest, by Shakespeare, act 1 scene 2
- Foot it featly here and there; / And, sweet sprites, the burden bear.
- 1846, Edgar Allan Poe, The Philosophy of Composition
- As commonly used, the refrain, or burden, not only is limited to lyric verse, but depends for its impression upon the force of monotone - both in sound and thought.
- 1610, The Tempest, by Shakespeare, act 1 scene 2
- The drone of a bagpipe.
- (Can we find and add a quotation of Ruddiman to this entry?)
- Theme, core idea.
References
Anagrams
- bunder, burned, unbred
Middle English
Etymology 1
From bord +? -en (“adjectival ending”)
Adjective
burden
- Alternative form of borden
Etymology 2
From burde +? -en (“plural ending”)
Noun
burden
- plural of burde
West Frisian
Noun
burden
- plural of burd
burden From the web:
- what burden means
- what burdens do you carry
- what burdens you
- what burden does jonas have
- what burden is the mariner relieved of
- what burdens without weight
- what burdens do we carry
- what burden means in spanish
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