different between evil vs bane

English

Pronunciation

• enPR: ?-v?l, ?-v?l, IPA^(key): /?i?v?l/, /?i?v?l/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /?iv?l/
• Hyphenation: evil
• Rhymes: -i?v?l

Etymology 1

From Middle English yvel, evel, ivel, uvel, from Old English yfel, from Proto-West Germanic *ubil, from Proto-Germanic *ubilaz (compare Saterland Frisian eeuwel, Dutch euvel, Low German övel, German übel), from Proto-Indo-European *h?upélos (compare Old Irish fel (“bad, evil”), from Proto-Celtic *u?elos), diminutive of *h?wep(h?)-, *h?wap- (“treat badly”) (compare Hittite ???????????????? (huwapp-ⁱ, “to mistreat, harass”), ???????????????????? (huwappa-, “evil, badness”)), or alternatively from *upélos (“evil”, literally “going over or beyond (acceptable limits)”), from Proto-Indo-European *upo, *h?ewp- (“down, up, over”).

Adjective

evil (comparative eviller or eviler or more evil, superlative evillest or evilest or most evil)

1. Intending to harm; malevolent.
   • 1866, Elizabeth Gaskell, Wives and Daughters, Chapter 47,^[1]

     For a good while the Miss Brownings were kept in ignorance of the evil tongues that whispered hard words about Molly.

   • 1916, Zane Grey, The Border Legion, New York: Harper & Bros., Chapter 10, p. 147,^[2]

     He looked at her shapely person with something of the brazen and evil glance that had been so revolting to her in the eyes of those ruffians.

   • 2006, Ng?g? wa Thiong'o, Wizard of the Crow, New York: Pantheon, Book Three, Section II, Chapter 3, p. 351,^[3]

     “Before this, I never had any cause to suspect my wife of any conspiracy.”

     “You mean it never crossed your mind that she might have been told to whisper evil thoughts in your ear at night?”

2. Morally corrupt.
   • c. 1590, William Shakespeare, Henry VI, Part 2, Act III, Scene 3,^[4]

     Ah, what a sign it is of evil life,

     When death’s approach is seen so terrible.

   • 1848, Anne Brontë, The Tenant of Wildfell Hall, Chapter 41,^[5]

     I had much trouble at first in breaking him of those evil habits his father had taught him to acquire […]

   • 1967, Chaim Potok, The Chosen, New York: Fawcett Columbine, 2003, Chapter 1, p. 14,^[6]

     To the rabbis who taught in the Jewish parochial schools, baseball was an evil waste of time […]

3. Unpleasant, foul (of odour, taste, mood, weather, etc.).
   • 1660, John Harding (translator), Paracelsus his Archidoxis, London: W.S., Book 7, “Of an Odoriferous Specifick,” p. 100,^[7]

     An Odoriferous Specifick […] is a Matter that takes away Diseases from the Sick, no otherwise then as Civet drives away the stinck of Ordure by its Odour; for you are to observe, That the Specifick doth permix it self with this evil Odour of the Dung; and the stink of the Dung cannot hurt, no[r] abide there […]

   • 1897, H. G. Wells, The Invisible Man, Chapter 18,^[8]

     He awoke in an evil temper […]

   • 1937, Robert Byron, The Road to Oxiana, London: Macmillan, Part V, “Mazar-i-Sherif,” p. 282,^[9]

     It was an evil day, sticky and leaden: Oxiana looked as colourless and suburban as India.

   • 1958, Graham Greene, Our Man in Havana, Penguin, 1979, Part Four, Chapter 1, p. 125,^[10]

     He herded them into a small and evil toilet and then through a window.

   • 1993, Carol Shields, The Stone Diaries, Toronto: Random House of Canada, Chapter One, p. 39,^[11]

     Everyone in the tiny, crowded, hot, and evil-smelling kitchen […] has been invited to participate in a moment of history.

4. Producing or threatening sorrow, distress, injury, or calamity; unpropitious; calamitous.
   • c. 1590, William Shakespeare, Henry VI, Part 3, Act V, Scene 6,^[12]

     The owl shrieked at thy birth,—an evil sign;

   • 1611, King James Version of the Bible, Deuteronomy 22.19,^[13]

     […] he hath brought up an evil name upon a virgin of Israel:

   • 1671, John Milton, Samson Agonistes in Paradise Regain’d, to which is added Samson Agonistes, London: John Starkey, p. 89, lines 438-439,^[14]

     A little stay will bring some notice hither,

     For evil news rides post, while good news baits.

   • 1931, Pearl S. Buck, The Good Earth, New York: Modern Library, 1944, Chapter 15, p. 122,^[15]

     “ […] with bandits and robbers roving over the land in these evil times of famine and war, how can it be said that this one or that stole anything? Hunger makes thief of any man.”

5. (obsolete) Having harmful qualities; not good; worthless or deleterious.

   an evil beast; an evil plant; an evil crop

   • 1611, King James Version of the Bible, Matthew 7.18,^[16]

     A good tree cannot bring forth evil fruit.

6. (computing, programming, slang) undesirable; harmful; bad practice

   Global variables are evil; storing processing context in object member variables allows those objects to be reused in a much more flexible way.

Synonyms

• nefarious
• malicious
• malevolent
• wicked
• See also Thesaurus:evil

Antonyms

• good

Derived terms

Translations

Noun

evil (countable and uncountable, plural evils)

1. Moral badness; wickedness; malevolence; the forces or behaviors that are the opposite or enemy of good.

   • The heart of the sons of men is full of evil.

2. Something which impairs the happiness of a being or deprives a being of any good; something which causes suffering of any kind to sentient beings; harm; injury; mischief.
3. (obsolete) A malady or disease; especially in combination, as in king's evil, colt evil.
   • He [Edward the Confessor] was the first that touched for the evil.

Antonyms

• good

Derived terms

Translations

References

Etymology 2

From Middle English yvel, evel, ivel, uvel (“evilly”), from Old English yfele, yfle (“evilly”), a derivative of the noun yfel (“evil”). Often reinterpreted as the noun in the later language (as in "to speak evil").

Adverb

evil (comparative more evil, superlative most evil)

2. (obsolete) wickedly, evilly, iniquitously
3. (obsolete) injuriously, harmfully; in a damaging way.
4. (obsolete) badly, poorly; in an insufficient way.

   It went evil with him.

Usage notes

This adverb was usually used in conjunction with speak.

References

• James A. H. Murray [et al.], editors (1884–1928) , “Evil, adv.”, in A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (Oxford English Dictionary), volume III (D–E), London: Clarendon Press, OCLC 15566697, page 350, column 2.

Anagrams

• Levi, Viel, live, veil, vile, vlei

Middle English

Etymology 1

Adjective

evil

1. Alternative form of yvel (“evil”)

Etymology 2

Adverb

evil

1. Alternative form of yvel (“evilly”)

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /be?n/
• Hyphenation: bane
• Rhymes: -e?n

Etymology 1

From Middle English bane, from Old English bana, from Proto-Germanic *banô (compare Old High German bano (“death”), Icelandic bani (“bane, death”)), from Proto-Indo-European *g??on-on-, from the o-grade of *g??en- (“to strike, to kill”).

Noun

bane (countable and uncountable, plural banes)

1. A cause of misery or death.

   Synonyms: affliction, curse

   Antonym: boon

   • Money, thou bane of bliss, and source of woe.
2. (dated) Poison, especially any of several poisonous plants.
3. (obsolete) A killer, murderer, slayer.
4. (obsolete) Destruction; death.
5. A disease of sheep.

   Synonym: rot

Derived terms

• Austrian leopard's bane (Doronicum austriacum)
• common dogbane (Apocynum androsaemifolium)
• dog bane (Plectranthus ornatus)
• leopard's bane (Doronicum spp. et al.)
• baneberry (Actaea spp.)
• baneful
• boon and bane
• boon or bane
• wolfsbane (Aconitum spp.)

Translations

Verb

bane (third-person singular simple present banes, present participle baning, simple past and past participle baned)

1. (transitive) To kill, especially by poison; to be the poison of.
2. (transitive) To be the bane of.

Translations

Etymology 2

From Middle English ban (northern dialect), from Old English b?n.

Noun

bane (plural banes)

1. (chiefly Scotland) bone
   • 1686, "Lyke-Wake Dirge" as printed in The Oxford Book of English Verse (1900) p. 361:

     The fire will burn thee to the bare bane.

References

• Webster's Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary, Springfield, Massachusetts, G.&C. Merriam Co., 1967

Anagrams

• Bean, Bena, bean, nabe

Danish

Etymology 1

Old Norse bani

Noun

bane

1. bane, person/thing/event that kills someone or something

Etymology 2

Noun

bane

1. track
2. trajectory

Dutch

Pronunciation

Verb

bane

1. (archaic) singular present subjunctive of banen

Japanese

Romanization

bane

1. R?maji transcription of ??

Latin

Noun

bane

1. vocative singular of banus

Manx

Etymology

From Old Irish bán, from Proto-Celtic *b?nos (“white”).

Adjective

bane (plural baney, comparative baney)

1. white, blank, pallid

2. fair, blonde

3. fallow

Derived terms

Mutation

References

• Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019) , “bane”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

See also

Middle Dutch

Etymology 1

From Old Dutch *bana, from Proto-Germanic *ban?.

Noun

b?ne f

1. open field, battlefield
2. lane, track (for playing balls)
3. road, way, path

Inflection

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Descendants

• Dutch: baan
  • Afrikaans: baan
  • ? Indonesian: ban
• Limburgish: baan

Etymology 2

From Old Dutch *bano, from Proto-Germanic *banô.

Noun

b?ne f or m

1. harm, pain

Inflection

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Further reading

• Verwijs, E.; Verdam, J. (1885–1929) , “bane (I)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, ?ISBN, page I
• Verwijs, E.; Verdam, J. (1885–1929) , “bane (II)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, ?ISBN, page II

Middle English

Etymology 1

From Old English bana, in turn from Proto-Germanic *banô.

Alternative forms

• ban, bayn, bone, beone

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?ba?n(?)/

Noun

bane (plural banes)

1. murderer, slayer
2. bane, destroyer

Descendants

• English: bane
• Scots: bane, baine, bain, bayn, bone

References

• “b?ne, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Etymology 2

Noun

bane (plural banes)

1. Alternative form of bon

Descendants

• Scots: bane, bean, bain
• Yola: bane

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology 1

From Middle Low German bane, compare with German Bahn

Noun

bane m (definite singular banen, indefinite plural baner, definite plural banene)

1. a trajectory
2. a railway line
3. a sports field
4. a racing track
5. orbit (of a satellite, including the moon)

Synonyms

• (orbit): omløpsbane

Derived terms

Etymology 2

From Old Norse bani

Noun

bane m (definite singular banen, indefinite plural baner, definite plural banene)

1. death (by murder)

Etymology 3

From Middle Low German bane, compare with German bahnen.

Verb

bane (imperative ban, present tense baner, passive banes, simple past bana or banet or bante, past participle bana or banet or bant, present participle banende)

1. to pave, as in

   bane vei for - pave the way for

References

• “bane” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

From Middle Low German bane, compare with German Bahn

Noun

bane m or f (definite singular banen or bana, indefinite plural banar or baner, definite plural banane or banene)

1. a trajectory
2. a railway line
3. a sports field
4. a racing track
5. orbit (of a satellite, including the moon)

Derived terms

Etymology 2

From Old Norse bani

Noun

bane m (definite singular banen, indefinite plural banar, definite plural banane)

1. death (by murder)

Etymology 3

From Middle Low German bane

Alternative forms

• bana

Verb

bane (present tense banar, past tense bana, past participle bana, passive infinitive banast, present participle banande, imperative ban)

1. to pave, as in

   bane veg for - pave the way for

References

• “bane” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old Frisian

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *baunu, from Proto-Germanic *baun?. Cognates include Old English b?an, Old Saxon b?na and Old Dutch *b?na.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?ba?ne/

Noun

b?ne f

1. bean

Descendants

• North Frisian:

  Föhr-Amrum: buan

• Saterland Frisian: Boone
• West Frisian: bean, beane, beanne

References

• Bremmer, Rolf H. (2009) An Introduction to Old Frisian: History, Grammar, Reader, Glossary, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, ?ISBN

Portuguese

Verb

bane

1. third-person singular present indicative of banir
2. second-person singular imperative of banir

Scots

Etymology

From Middle English bane, from Old English b?n, from Proto-Germanic *bain?.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ben]
• (Mid Northern Scots) IPA^(key): [bin], [bein]

Noun

bane (plural banes)

1. (anatomy) bone, limb

Derived terms

Swedish

Etymology

As a simplex noun a borrowing from Old Swedish bani, from Old Norse bani, from Proto-Germanic *banô, from Proto-Indo-European *g??on-on-, from the o-grade of *g??en- (“to strike, to kill”). Cognate to English bane, Icelandic bani.

The word can be regarded as a reborrowing from Old Swedish mediaeval literature. It is not attested in writing in the 16th and 17th centuries, but was reinforced due to its usage in the mediaeval Swedish country laws, which were in use until the 18th century. During the 17th century its usage is usually accompanied by a definition explaining the meaning. It was revived in the late 17th century due to the resurging interest in the middle ages and the Icelandic sagas, cf. other Icelandic loans from the same era, e.g. idrott, skald, dyrd. Already in SAOB (1899) it is regarded as archaic or literary and mostly used in a few set phrases.

The word survived in the compound baneman (“slayer, murderer”), which is attested from the 16th and 17th centuries, and dialectally in the southern Swedish word hönsbane (“henbane, Hyoscyamus niger”), in standard Swedish bolmört.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /²b??n?/

Noun

bane c (indeclinable)

1. (archaic) cause of someone’s (violent) death; bane

Derived terms

References

• bane in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• bane in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

Anagrams

• bena

Yola

Etymology

From Middle English bane, from Old English b?n, from Proto-West Germanic *bain, from Proto-Germanic *bain?.

Noun

bane

1. bone

References

• Jacob Poole (1867) , William Barnes, editor, A glossary, with some pieces of verse, of the old dialect of the English colony in the baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, J. Russell Smith, ?ISBN