different between endure vs obdurate

English

Alternative forms

• enduer (obsolete)
• indure (obsolete)

Etymology

From Middle English enduren, from Old French endurer, from Latin ind?r? (“to make hard”). Displaced Old English dr?ogan, which survives dialectally as dree.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /?n?dj???(?)/, /?n?dj??(?)/, /?n?d?????(?)/, /?n?d????(?)/
• (US) IPA^(key): /?n?d(j)??/
• Rhymes: -??(r)

Verb

endure (third-person singular simple present endures, present participle enduring, simple past and past participle endured)

1. (intransitive) To continue or carry on, despite obstacles or hardships; to persist.

   The singer's popularity endured for decades.

2. (transitive) To tolerate or put up with something unpleasant.
3. (intransitive) To last.

   Our love will endure forever.
4. To remain firm, as under trial or suffering; to suffer patiently or without yielding; to bear up under adversity; to hold out.
5. (transitive) To suffer patiently.

   He endured years of pain.
6. (obsolete) To indurate.

Synonyms

• (to continue despite obstacles): carry on, plug away; See also Thesaurus:persevere
• (to tolerate something): bear, thole, take; See also Thesaurus:tolerate
• (to last): go on, hold on, persist; See also Thesaurus:persist
• (to remain firm): resist, survive, withstand
• (to suffer patiently): accept, thole, withstand
• (to indurate):

Related terms

• endurance
• enduring
• enduro
• duress

Translations

References

• John A. Simpson and Edward S. C. Weiner, editors (1989) , “endure”, in The Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford: Clarendon Press, ?ISBN

Anagrams

• durene, enduer, enured, reuned

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??.dy?/

Verb

endure

1. first-person singular present indicative of endurer
2. third-person singular present indicative of endurer
3. first-person singular present subjunctive of endurer
4. third-person singular present subjunctive of endurer
5. second-person singular imperative of endurer

Anagrams

• rendue

English

Etymology

Mid-15th century, from Latin obduratus (“hardened”), form of obd?r? (“harden”), from ob- (“against”) + d?r? (“harden, render hard”), from durus (“hard”). Compare durable, endure.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /??bd????t/, /??bdj???t/, /??bd????t/, /-?t/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /??bd(j)???t/, /??bd(j)???t/, /-?t/
• Sometimes accented on the second syllable, especially by the older poets.

Adjective

obdurate (comparative more obdurate, superlative most obdurate)

1. Stubbornly persistent, generally in wrongdoing; refusing to reform or repent.
   • 1593, Richard Hooker, Of the Laws of Ecclesiastical Polity, Book I:

     ... sometimes the very custom of evil making the heart obdurate against whatsoever instructions to the contrary ...

   • 1591, William Shakespeare, Henry VI, Part 3, Act I, sc. 4:

     Art thou obdurate, flinty, hard as steel,

     Nay, more than flint, for stone at rain relenteth?

   • 1674, John Milton, Paradise Lost, Book I, lines 56–8

     ... round he throws his baleful eyes

     That witness'd huge affliction and dismay

     Mixt with obdurate pride and stedfast hate:

   • 1818, Percy Bysshe Shelley,"The Revolt of Islam", canto 4, stanza 9, lines 1486-7:

     But custom maketh blind and obdurate

     The loftiest hearts.
2. (obsolete) Physically hardened, toughened.
3. Hardened against feeling; hard-hearted.
   • 1848, William Makepeace Thackeray, Vanity Fair, Chapter 13:

     I fear the gentleman to whom Miss Amelia's letters were addressed was rather an obdurate critic.

Synonyms

• (stubbornly persistent in wrongdoing): hardened, hard-hearted, impertinent, intractable, unrepentant, unyielding, recalcitrant

Derived terms

• obduracy

Related terms

• durable, duration
• endure, endurance, enduring

Translations

Verb

obdurate (third-person singular simple present obdurates, present participle obdurating, simple past and past participle obdurated)

1. (transitive, obsolete) To harden; to obdure.

References

Anagrams

• taboured

Latin

Verb

obd?r?te

1. second-person plural present active imperative of obd?r?